Otu onye na-anụkarị ebubo ụgha nke Freud kwuru na ọ kwadoro nwoke idina nwoke ma kwenye na mmadụ niile bụ "bisexual site na ọmụmụ." Ka anyị chọpụta ya.

N’akwụkwọ ya, edemede atọ na Theory nke Mmekọahụ, na-enyocha nkwupụta nke amụma dị iche iche nke idina ụdị onwe (ma na-ekwupụta na ọ bụ ihe ekwesighi), Freud kwuru banyere echiche nke Fliess nke “bisexuality Constitution” (ya bụ, bisexuality organic) nke ndị mmadụ. Agbanyeghị, anyị na-ekwu maka mmụta ahụike ha, ọ bụghị mmasị mmekọahụ. Nke a bụ tiori anatomicalkama inwe mmụọ nwoke na nwanyị bisexual. Ma nwoke na nwanyi inwe udiri ihe ndi nwoke na ndi nwanyi: ndi ara na ndi nwoke, na ndi nwanyi na nwanyi, a na-amuputa nwoke na nwanyi nwoke na nwoke. Freud kwenyere na onye ahụ bụ 'njikọta nke otu akụkụ abụọ, otu bụ nke nwoke, nke ọzọ bụ nwanyị, "yabụ onye ọ bụla nwere ike igosipụta njiri mara ụmụ nwanyị na nke nwoke. Agbanyeghị, na-arụtụ aka n'ihe gbasara mmụọ nwoke na nwanyị nke nwoke na nwoke ma ọ bụ nwanyị na nwanyị, Freud na-ebulite echiche nyocha nke ndu ahụ wee sị:

"Ọ gaghị ekwe omume igosipụta njikọ chiri anya dị n'etiti hermaphroditism a na-eche n'echiche ma guzobe anatomical ... Ọ dịghị mkpa ma ọ bụ ihe ziri ezi iji dochie nsogbu uche na anatomical ... Echiche bụ na ọdịdị, ebe ọ nọ n'ọnọdụ dị egwu, kere 'mmekọahụ nke atọ' anaghị eguzo na nyocha."^[1]

N'ihe metụtara mmasị nwoke na nwanyị nwere mmekọahụ, Freud kwenyere na mbụ ọ nweghị ebe o dere. Aremụaka maara nke ọma na ọdịiche ahụ ọ bụghị naanị n'etiti nwoke na nwanyị, kamakwa na ihe ọ bụla metụtara mmekọahụ n'ozuzu ha, ma jikọta ya na mkpa ha (Freud kpọrọ ya "ihe rụrụ arụ nke polymorphic"). Ọ bụ ezie na enweghị mmasị na mmekọahụ bụ ihe dịịrị ụmụaka, na okenye, ụdị agụụ mmekọahụ ndị dị otú ahụ ga-egosi imebi mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, ebe ebumnuche ya kacha mma bụ nwoke. Dị ka Freud dere:

Ndị na-edina ụdị onwe ha enweghị ike mezue usoro nwoke na nwanyị toro eto nke ọma. ”^[2]

Freud dere na usoro mmepe ọ bụla na-eburu n’ime onwe ya mkpụrụ nke ọrịa, nke nwere ike igosipụta onwe ya ma kpaghapu ya.

"Usoro nsogbu nke mmepe nke ọrụ nwoke na nwanyị, n'etiti ndị ọzọ na - emerụ ahụ, nwere ike ibute arụrụala, gụnyere mmekorita nwoke na nwanyị, bụ nke n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ enwere ike ịbawanye na nwoke idina nwoke na nwanyị."^[3]

Dika ihe omuma nke ogwu na ahuhu mara amara gosiri, mmadu n’onodu otutu ihe nwere ike iguzosi ike na oghachu. Ihe kpatara nke a nwere ike ịgụnye mgbagha ọgbaghara dị iche iche, mmekpa ahụ mmadụ, nnabata site n'aka ndị ọgbọ, mgbanwe ezinụlọ, adịghị mma mmekọrịta ya na nne na-elekọta ya na nne na-ejide ya, yana nna na-adịghị ike, enweghị mmasị ma ọ bụ nna na-anọghị ya. Dabere na Freud:

"Ọnụnọ nke nna siri ike ga-enyere nwa nwoke nwoke aka  nke ziri ezi nhọrọ nke mmekọahụ, ya bụ, nwoke na nwanyị. ”^[4]

Enwere uzo ato nke nmekorita nke uche:

1) Narcissistic (umuaka lebara onwe ha anya).

2) Mmekọahụ (umuaka kariri okike nke aka ha - ụmụ nwoke soro ụmụ nwoke egwu, ụmụ nwanyị ndị nwanyị na ụmụ nwanyị).

3) nwoke na nwanyi (oge ngwụcha nke mmepe nke onye tozuru etozu nke mecharala ọkwa ndị nke gara aga).

Nwoke idina nwoke bụ idozi ya na ọkwa mbụ nke mmepe, ebe n'etiti nsogbu na-edina nwoke na nwanyị na-edina nwoke na nwanyị, nọ nso na narcissism, ebe ọ bụ na ihe a na-adọta bụ ihe ahọrọ ka ya na ya yikọ. Dabere na Freud:

Ayi choputara na ndi mmadu inwe nmeko nwoke na nwoke, dika ndi nzuzu na nwoke na nwoke ibe ha, ji ihe ndi ozo na ha nwere ihunanya ha. Ha na-ewere onwe ha ka ihe nlere anya. ”^[5]

Nke ahụ bụ, site na mmepe na-adịghị mma nke ihe omume, a na-echekwa usoro autoerotic ahụ, na mmasị dị n'ime ihe mpụga (ihe cathexis) pụtara na ọkwa narcissistic. N'ihi nke a, nwoke na-achọ ihe ịhụnanya na-anọchite anya onwe ya, nke, dị ka ya onwe ya, nwere ikike inwe akụkụ nke nwoke. Ya mere, onye ahu na ya na nmekorita nke ya na nwoke ozo di, na egosi onwe ya.

Ihe kacha akpata mmeko nwoke na nwoke, ka Freud siri kwuo, bụ oke na-adịte aka na nne na-ahụ maka oke Oedipus. Ọ na-abụ, mgbe ngwụsị ntorobịa ruru mgbe ọ ga-eji ihe mmekọahụ ọzọ dochie nne ahụ, nwa okorobịa ahụ, kama ịhapụ nne ya, na-egosipụta onwe ya. Banyere mmụọ, ya onwe ya gbanwere n’ime ya wee malite ịchọ ihe nwere ike dochie anya onwe ya ma nyekwa ya ịhụnanya na nlekọta ọ hụrụ n’aka nne ya.^[6]

Site n'ịme ka nne ya mara, ọ nwere ike ịnwale ịme ọrụ ya site na nnabata. Ọ bụrụ na njirimara ya na nna ahụ siri ike karị, ọ ga-ekpughere ndị nwoke ndị ọzọ ọrụ oke, n'ụzọ ihe atụ ịgbanwe ha ka ha bụrụ ụmụ nwanyị ma n'otu mgbe ahụ kpughee iwe megide ha dịka ụmụ nwoke. Nwoke idina nwoke, ya mere, aburula uzo iji merie mmekorita nke ya na nna ya ma meju udiri nwoke na nwanyi n'otu oge.

Freud kwuru nwoke idina nwoke Egwu^[7] (mmebi), o jikwa okwu ahụ - Ugha^[8] (nloghachi), emere ya “Mkpagbu”^[8] (ịkpa iche na iwu), akpọ “Mgbagọ ọnwụ”^[9] и "Njehie ịhọrọ ihe mmekọahụ". O kwukwara na nwoke na nwanyị nwere mmekọ nwoke na nwoke na nwoke na nwanyị na paranoia.^[10] na mbuso agha^[11].

Ebee ka nsogbu si bịa site na mmekorita nwoke 'Freud' nke nwoke nabatara?

Anyị na-ekwu maka ndị na-esonụ na-ezughị ezu see okwu:

“O doro anya na nwoke idina nwoke ma obu nwanyi adighi nma, ma obughi ihe ihere, ma obu nmechu aka ma obu mmechuihu. Enweghị ike ịhazi ya dị ka ọrịa. Anyị kwenyere na nke a bụ mgbanwe nke ọrụ mmekọahụ ... "

Na-agbagha okwu a na nlele, ndị ọrụ LGBT na-ewetara ya ihe nchebe ha, ha na-ekwu, Freud n’onwe ya kwuru na nke a bụ mgbanwe, ọ bụghị ọrịa. Ederede a na-ezughi oke bụ APA jiri ya na Lawrence v na Texas Texas, nke dugara na nhughachi iwu sodom na steeti 14. Agbanyeghị, ahịrịokwu ahụ dum na-ada dị ka nke a:

Anyị kwenyere na nke a bụ mgbanwe dị iche iche nke ọrụ mmekọahụ na-akpata ụfọdụ ịkwụsị mmepe mmekọahụ ”. 

Nke ahụ bụ, PATHOLOGY a bụ ihe na-egbu mgbu pụọ na steeti nkịtị ma ọ bụ usoro mmepe.

Nkwupụta a emetụtaghị ọrụ Freud. Ewetara ya na leta nzaghachi nke 1935 nke afọ nye otu nne onye rịọrọ ya ka ọ zọpụta nwa ya nwoke na nwoke idina nwoke. N'oge ahụ, ọgụgụ isi amabeghị ụzọ dị irè isi na-emeso nwoke idina nwoke, yabụ, n'ihi enweghị nke ọma, Freud mere ihe onye nnọchi anya ọrụ ya kwesịrị - ọ na-ebelata nhụjuanya nke nne na-enweghị isi, na-emesi ya obi ike na ọ nweghị ihe ọjọọ dị na nwa ya nwoke. Ka osi di, ihe o chere n’ezie banyere nmekorita nwoke na nwanyi bu ihe edeputara.

Mgbe afọ 20 gachara, onye isi mmụọ psychi dibịa bụ Edmund Bergler dere ihe ndị a:

“Ọbụna afọ 10 gara aga, ihe kachasị mma nke sayensị nwere ike inye bụ ime ka mmadụ na onye na-edina nwanyị ghara ịdị na-ejikọ onwe ya, na 'isi ya', kpochapụ obi amamikpe. Ahụmahụ psychiatric na nyocha emere n'oge na-adịbeghị anya gosipụtara na ebumnuche a na-apụghị ịgbanwe agbanwe nke ndị edina ụdị onwe (mgbe ụfọdụ na-ekwu na ọnọdụ adịghị ndụ na ọnọdụ hormonal) bụ n'ezie nkewa nke ọgwụgwọ neurosis. Agaghịzi agwọ ọrịa n'oge gara aga na-apụ n'anya: taa, teknụzụ psychoanalytic nwere ike gwọọ nwoke idina nwoke. ”^[12]

Can nwere ike gụọ ihe dị ka otu narị ihe atụ nke ọgwụgwọ. ebe a.

Ka anyị tụleekwa ihe akpọrọ "nkwupụta mmụọ psychoanalytic nke homophobia", dịka nke "nwoke idina nwoke nzuzo", nke pụtara igbochi ọchịchọ idina ụdị onwe nke mmadụ, gbanwere n'okpuru usoro nke usoro nchekwa nke "mmeghachi omume mmeghachi omume" na-enweghị mmasị nke ndị mmekọ nwoke na nwoke. Onye dere echiche a abụghị nke Freud, dịka a kwenyere na ya hiere ụzọ, mana ọ bụ onye ọka mmụta parapsychologist nke Britain, omekome na nwoke idina ụdị onwe Donald West, onye buru ụzọ kọwaa ya na 1977. Echiche a abụghị ihe ọ bụla karịa atụmatụ aghụghọ na-ekwu iji ghasaa ndị na-emegide otu idina ụdị onwe.

Ma n’agbanyeghi na n’otu n’otu, akpachapuru anya ibu iro megide umu nwoke nwere mmekorita nwoke na nwanyi nwere ike iji ya me ihe ndi mmadu, anyi n’ekwu banyere uzo amam-ihe, ebe “mmeghari ohuru” emee n’amaghi ama.

Onye dere okwu a "nwoke idina nwoke na nwanyị n'oge a", Sigmund Freud, ji aka ya ghọta ya na ụdị mmekọ nwoke na nwoke na-adịgide adịgide nke nwoke na nwanyị n'etiti nwoke na nwanyị, gbabara na amaghị ihe n'oge mmepe mmekọrịta nwoke na nwanyị.

“Nrụgide nke mmegide n'ahụ mmadụ niile bụ ọgụ dị n'etiti nwoke na nwanyị inwe mmekọahụ. Mmekọahụ kachasị nke onye mekwagoro eto siri ike na-ewepụ ngosipụta nke uche dị n'okpuru nwoke na nwanyị nọ n'okpuru amaghị. ”^[13]

N'okpuru bụ ọmụmaatụ nke ezigbo mgbasa ozi ọha na eze sitere na 80s sitere na ndị nta akụkọ America na isiokwu nke "mmekọ nwoke na nwoke idina nwoke":

Na 1996, a nwalere ya na Mahadum Georgia iji nye ọkwa ndabere maka hypothesis West, na agbanyeghị na-ekwenyeghị nsonaazụ ruru ma usoro ọmụmụ na-esote jụrụ.

 

Isi Iyi	Ihe nlere, onu ogugu♂ na ụmụ nwanyị♀	Hetero rurunwoke na nwanyị inwe mmekọahụ,%	Forzọ maka inyocha mmasị mmekọ nwoke na nwoke bụ nwanyị zoro ezo	Forzọ maka ịtụle ogo echiche dị oke mma na nwoke na nwanyị	Ihe a ga - arụpụta ga - egosi na mmadụ nwere ike ikwu banyere akọnuche? hypothesis?
Adams xnumx	64 nke	100	Plethysmography	Hudson xnumx	Ee, ọnọdụ
Mahaffey 2005a	87 nke   91 ♀	100	Ihu Esemokwu Na-amalite na Reflex	Gentry xnumx	Ọ dịghị
Mahaffey 2005b	49 nke	100			Ọ dịghị
Mahaffey 2011	104 nke	100			Kọwaansonaazụ mara mma
Steffens xnumx	32-48♀	80	TSA	Herek 1994	Ọ dịghị
Meier 2006	44 nke	100	Ọsọ nke ọrụ a na oge ịlele onyonyo	Hudson xnumx	Ọ dịghị
Weinstein xnumx	27-62♀	94	TCA na-eji ndị isi nzuzo zoro ezo	Wright xnumx	Ee, ọnọdụ
	68-114♀	90			Ọ dịghị
	35-154♀	94			Nsonaazụ na-agbagha
	44-140♀	akọwapụtaghị ya		LaMar 1998	Nsonaazụ na-agbagha
MacInnis na Hodson 2013	85-152♀	90	TSA	Herek 1988	Ọ dịghị
Lazarevic 2015	122-155♀	100	TSA	Jankovic 2000, Živanoviс 2014	Ọ dịghị
Cheval 2016a	38 nke	100	Ọsọ nke ọrụ a na oge ịlele onyonyo	Morrison xnumx	Nsonaazụ na-agbagha
Cheval 2016b	36 nke	100	Mmeghachi omume Pupillary	Morrison xnumx	Ọ dịghị
Roberts 2016	37 nke	100	Plethysmography	Lee 1988, Morrison xnumx	Ọ dịghị

 

Isi mmalite:

1-11,13. Freud - Ọrụ zuru ezu nke Ivan Smith: 2000, 2007, 2010.

12 . Bergler, E. Nwoke idina nwoke: oria ma obu uzo ndu? New York, NY, US: Ugwu & Wang.