Karabo ea halofo ea lengolo la 2018 e amohetsoe!

Molaetsa oa 2020: Sireletsa bobusi ba mahlale le polokeho ea batho ba Russia

Boipiletso ba 2023 ho Murashko M.A.: https://pro-lgbt.ru/open-letter-to-the-minister-of-health/

Tlatsetso:

Letona la bophelo bo botle la Russia
Mikhail Albertovich Murashko
127051 Moscow, St. Neglinnaya, 25, monyako oa 3, "Expedition"
info@rosminzdrav.ru
tobetsa@rosminzdrav.ru
Kamohelo ea sechaba ea Letona la Bophelo ho romella lengolo

Federal State Budgetary Institution Science Science Center Centre e reheletsoeng ka V.P. Serbia »Lekala la Bophelo la Russia
119034, Moscow, Kropotkinskiy ka., D. 23
info@serbsky.ru

Mopresidente oa Mokhatlo oa Russia oa Psychiatrists
Nikolay Grigorievich Neznanov
Mokhatlo oa Russia oa Psychiatrists
N. G. Neznanov
192019, St. Petersburg, ul. Ankylosing spondylitis, 3
rop@s-psy.ru

Mopresidente oa Mokhatlo oa Russia Psychological
Yuri Petrovich Zinchenko
Mokhatlo oa Russia Psychological
Yu.P. Zinchenko
125009 Moscow, st. Mokhovaya, d.11, leq. 9
dek@psy.msu.ru

Kopi ea tsebiso: baamoheli e thathamisitsoeng qetellong ea tokomane

Moreki:

c. m. n. Lysov V.
Setho sa sehlopha sa boikhathatso ba sechaba
"Saense ea 'nete"
science4truth@yandex.ru

Moratuoa Mikhail Albertovich, moratuoa Nikolai Grigorievich, moratuoa Yuri Petrovich.

Ke kopa o arabe potso e latelang, pele ho tsohle, ho tloha maemong a hau u le batho ba nang le bokhoni bo loketseng ba botsamaisi, tsebo e nepahetseng le bolaoli, hape le ho tsoa maemong a hau joaloka litsebi tse nang le boiphihlelo bo tsotehang lebaleng la kelello, psychology le neurology:

Na kelello ea sejoale-joale ea kelello le kelello ho Rephaboliking ea Russia li na le mohopolo oa tloaelo ea ho hohela batho ba bong bo fapaneng, e ka lumellanang le boiphihlelo ba lapeng, bo matla le bochaba?

Ke lumela hore hajoale, ka mokhoa o ikhethileng oa mathata a ho khanna thobalano Russia, ho se lumellane le khethollo li bonoa, ka lebaka la ts'usumetso ea se bitsoang "Saense" ea mantlha. Haholo-holo ha e hlake ho latela hore na ke maemo afe a ikhethang a tikolohong e ikhethang ea Russia (ke bolela hore litsebi tsa kelello, litsebi tsa mafu a kelello le ba bongaka), khetho ea thobalano ha e nkuoe e le pherekano, mme mefuta e joalo ka ho hohela thobalano ho lintho tse sa pheleng, bana kapa liphoofolo li nkuoa e le mathata a thobalano. ho khanna.

Ka tlase ke tla hlahisa bothata ka mokhoa o atolositsoeng, ka polelo le maikutlo.

Semelo sa Potso

Polelo e kaholimo - e leng, ka maikutlo a ka, mokhoa o ikhethileng le o sa utloisiseheng oa litlhaloso tsa mathata a ho khanna thobalano - e thehiloe tlhahlobisong ea sehlopha sa V (F) sa Thupelo ea Machaba ea Mafu a 10 ea ntlafatso ea Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo (mona ICD-10).

Moriana oa Russia o fetohetse ICD-10 ho tloha 01.01.1999 ea selemo ho latela Order of the Ministry of Health No. 170 ea 27.05.1997 ea selemo.

Re lokela ho hlokomela hore 'Musong oa Russia, hoo e batlang e le ka nako e le' ngoe le tlhahiso ea ICD-10, buka ea "Mehlala bakeng sa tlhahlobo le kalafo ea mafu a kelello le a boitšoaro", e hlophisitsoe ke prof. V.N. Krasnova le prof. I. Ya. Gurovich. Tataiso ena e fane ka litlhaloso tse hlakileng le tse sa khetholloeng tsa tlhabollo ea bong le thobalano:

"Litekanyetso tsa maemo a thobalano ke: bong bo bongkholo ea balekane, boithaopo ba puisano, takatso ea tumellano, ho hloka taolo ea 'mele le boits'oaro ho bophelo bo botle ba balekane le batho ba bang. Mathata a khethollo ea thobalano a bolela ho kheloha ho tloaelehileng molemong oa boitšoaro ba thobalano, ho sa tsotelloe liponahatso le sebopeho sa hae, ho teba le ho hlaka. Taba ena e kenyelletsa mathata ana ka bobeli ka kutloisiso ea ho kheloha tloaelo sechabeng, le litloaelong tsa bongaka ”¹.

Mekhoa ea ho kopanela liphate mehleng ea rona: ho kopanya, ho kopanela liphate, khōlo ea thobalano, puisano ea boithaopo le takatso ea ho e boloka, ho se be le tšenyo ea 'mele le ea boitšoaro ho uena le ba bang. Ho ngollana ka ho itsebahatsa, hammoho le boitšoaro ba thobalano le sechabeng, ho bong ba tlhaho, mofuta le lilemo tsa motho. Ho kheloha ho kopanela liphate ho bolela ho kheloha mokhoa leha e le ofe oa thobalano, ho sa tsotellehe ponahalo ea eona le tlhaho, ho teba le mabaka a etiological. Khopolo ena e kenyelletsa ho kheloha ka bobeli litloaelong tsa sechaba le litloaelong tsa bongaka.

Tlhaloso "Saense Bakeng sa 'Nete" 2023

Leha ho le joalo, ka taelo Ministry of Health No. 1042 ke 13.12.2012 tataiso ea kaholimo ea "Mehlala ea tlhahlobo le kalafo ea mafu a kelello le boits'oaro" e hlakotsoe², ke hore, litekanyetso tsa tlhekefetso ea thobalano le tlhekefetso ea thobalano li felisitsoe. Ka lebaka leo, ka 13.12.2012 ho ts'ebetso ea kelello ea Russia, mokhoa oa bangoli ba ICD-10 o sebetsa ho mathata a ho rata thobalano.

Phehisano ka mokhoa oa ICD-10

Ho ICD-10, ho boletsoe hore:

«ka boyena maikutlo a bong ha a nkuoe e le pherekano»³.

ICD-10 ha e qaqise tlhaloso ea lentsoe "ho kopanela liphate". Leha ho le joalo, e ka phetoa ho tsoa sengoloa sa ICD-10 hore "mokhoa oa" thobalano "o bolela ketsahalo e ts'oanang le" khetho ea "thobalano". Mohlala, ho temana ea "F66.1x Egodistonic Sex Oriental" ho boletsoe:

"... ho rata thobalano ...»⁴.

Hape temaneng ea "F65 Dispecial Disference Disriers" ho boleloa hore:

«... mathata a amanang le tshekamelo ya bong [a fallisetswa ho F66.-] ...»⁵.

Ts'ebeliso ea "tloaelo" ho "psychology" le "sexopathology" ke taba e kenelletseng ka matla ho saense ea lapeng le kelello le mahlale a kelello haufinyane tjena ho li-1990's. Khatisong ea bobeli ea dikishinari, e hlophisitsoeng ke baprofesa A.V. Petrovsky le M.G. "Yaroshevsky" "oriental" e hlalosoa e le:

"Tloaelo ea maikutlo a fosahetseng a thobalano"⁶.

Kahoo, ho latela monahano oa bangoli ba ICD-10, ka bobeli "mokhoa" le "ho hohela" li bontša khetho, tloaelo ea maikutlo a boitšoaro bo bobe ba botona le botšehali, athe "maikutlo" a bolela phapang ea khethollo ea thobalano e thehiloeng ho bong.

Ka hona, tlhaloso e tsoang ho ICD-10

«maikutlo a bong a le mong ha a nkoe e le tlokotsi»

E tšoanang le e latelang:

«khetho ea thobalano e le 'ngoe ha e nkoe e le tšitiso".

Ho feta moo, tlasa sehlooho, "F65 Dispecial Disference Disriers," pedophilia e hlalosoa e le:

«Thobalano ratang bana»⁷.

Ho feta moo, karolong e ts'oanang, serapeng sa F65.8 ho bontšitsoe:

“Ho ka fumanoa mefuta e meng e mengata. tlolo ea khetho ea thobalano le ho etsa thobalano, e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e fumanehang seoelo. Tsena li kenyelletsa mehala e nyonyehang, ho ama batho, le ho ba lahlela libakeng tse nang le batho ba bangata bakeng sa ho susumetsa ka thobalano (i.e., frotting). le liphoofolo; khatello ea methapo ea mali kapa methapo ea methapo ea mali ho khothaletsa takatso ea thobalano; khetho bakeng sa balekane ba nang le bofokoli bofe kapa bofe bo ikhethangmohlala, ka leoto le khaotsoeng ... Sehlooho sena se boetse se kenyelletsa necrophilia»⁸.

Kahoo, ho latela monahano oa bangoli ba ICD-10, takatso [ea ho rata thobalano], e etselitsoeng ho phela ka mokhoa o ts'oanang oa bong bo tšoanang le taba ea ho hohela ("maikutlo a bosodoma"), "ka boyona ha ho nahaneloe "Boloetse", ha ts'ebetso ea thobalano e shebileng ntho e sa ts'oaroang ea motho oa bong bo fapaneng ka taba eo (ka bong bo bong) ho ntse ho nahanoa joalo ka pherekano ea thobalano. Hape, khoheli ea thobalano e lebisitsoeng ho ntho e sa pheleng ea bong bo fapaneng le taba ea ho hohela ("heterosexual necrophilia") ka boeona ke bothata ba thobalano. Ho feta moo, khoheli ea ho kopanela liphate e lebisitsoeng ho ntho e phelang ea bong bo fapaneng le taba ea ho hoheloa, e nang le bokooa ba sebōpeho, ka boeona ke bothata ba ho kopanela liphate. 'Me, qetellong, khoheli ea thobalano e lebisitsoeng ho ntho ea mefuta e fapaneng ea likokoana-hloko le bong bo fapaneng le taba ea ho khahloa ("ho robala le liphoofolo tsa bong bo fapaneng") ka boeona ke bothata ba thobalano.

Ena ke ka nepo "mehopolo" ea mekhoa e hlahisitsoeng ho Class V (F) ea ICD-10 e tsoa joang.

Khahleho ea thobalano ho ntho ea bong bo fapaneng e kopana le litekanyetso tsa tloaelo ea thobalano tse fanoeng bukeng ea bongaka ea Krasnov le Gurovich (bona ka holimo), e ileng ea tlosoa ka taelo ea Lefapha la Bophelo selemong sa 2012.

Mefuta e khelohileng ea ho hohela thobalano - ho ntho ea mofuta o mong oa tlhaho, bong ba eona, lintho tse sa pheleng, joalo-joalo - ha e fihle litekanyetso tsena. Leha ho le joalo, ICD-10 ka mabaka a mang e khetholla ho khahloa ke batho ba bong bo fapaneng le mefuta e khelohileng ea ho hohela (ho hohela, e leng bothata. ka bobeli, bona F65.0, F65.4, F65.8), e bonts'a eona ka bobeli eseng moferefere.

Motheong oa khetho e joalo e lumelloa ho eng? Khethollo e joalo ea bohanyetsi e bolela hore, ha ho bapisoa le ho khahloa ke batho ba bong bo fapaneng, pakeng tsa ho khahloa ke batho ba bong bo fapaneng (ho latela tataiso e ka holimo ea Krasnov le Gurovich) le mefuta e meng e khelohileng (ho latela likhakanyo tsa holimo tsa Krasnov le Gurovich) ho na le phapang, ka lebaka la ho khahloa ke batho ba bong bo fapaneng. lekanang le bong bo fapaneng. "

Phapang ke efe?

Ho khahloa ke batho ba bong bo fapaneng ke karolo ea bophelo bo botle ba batho, hobane ho ba le tsebo ea ho khahloa ka mokhoa ona ho etsa hore motho a be le bana - ho hlahisa letshwao ke sesupo sa bophelo bo botle ho tloha hogengenetic le phylogenetic.

Ho bohlokoa ho hlokomela hore mathata a ho ba le bana a bonoa e le mokhoa oa ho kheloha tloaelo ke Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo ka bohona:

"Ho hloka thari ho hloleha thobalanore sa sebelise lithibela-pelehi banyalani fihlela moimana ka selemo se le seng "⁹.

Hape, ho hloka thari ho tšoantšoa le:

"Boloetse ba mokhoa oa ho ikatisa, o hlahisoang ho sa ts'oaroe ha bokhachane kamora lefu la 12 kapa ho feta likhoeli tse tloaelehileng bophelo ba thobalano ntle le ts'ireletso ea moimana "¹⁰.

Big Medical Encyclopedia (khatiso ea boraro e hlophisitsoeng ke setsebi Boris Vasilievich Petrovsky) e hlalosa "bophelo ba thobalano" e le:

"Kakaretso ea ts'ebetso ea motho ka mong, kelello le ts'ebelisano 'moho, tse thehiloeng ho eona le tseo takatso ea thobalano e khotsofatsang ka tsona"¹¹.

Hoa utloahala hore litsebi tsa WHO ha li fane ka mefuta e meng ea bophelo ba banyalani le bophelo ba thobalano ho tsoa litlhalosong tse kaholimo: e tsoela ntle le ho re, ka mokhoa o ikhethileng, re bolela batho ba 'maloa ba fapaneng le ketso ea thobalano pakeng tsa batho ba bong bo fapaneng, hobane sena se lumellana le melao-motheo ea motheo ea biology le physiology.

Ka hona, e 'ngoe ea litekanyetso tsa mantlha tse arohanyang ho khahloa ke batho ba bong bo fapaneng le mekhoa e hohelang ea ho khahloa ke batho ba bong bo tšoanang,' me ka nako e ts'oanang ho kopanya maikutlo a bosodoma le ho hohela lintho tse sa pheleng, lintho tsa mofuta o mong oa tlhaho, lintho tse sa ts'oaneng (le tse ling), ke monyetla oa ho hlahisa hape ka lebaka leo ho lemoha ho hohela ka mokhoa oa coitus. Ho lemoha ho khahloa ke hetero-ka thobalano ka mokhoa oa hetero-sex coitus (mohlala, lipakeng tsa lithuto tsa bong bo tšoanang kapa tsa mefuta e fapaneng) ha e kenye moimana.

Boemong bagengenetic, ho motho ea itseng ea khahloang ke batho ba bong bo tšoanang, bokhoni ba ho tsoala bo ka bolokoa. Le ha ho le joalo, maemong ana, matla a ho ba le bana ha a amahanngoe le ho phethahala ha ho khahloa ke batho ba bong bo fapaneng. 'Me sena se boetse se lekana ho khahloa ke batho ba bong bo tšoanang le mefuta e meng ea ho se khahloe ke batho ba bong bo fapaneng: ka mantsoe a mang, bokhoni ba ho ikatisa ba motho ea hohelang mefuta e fapaneng ea tlhaho, lintho tse sa pheleng, lintho tse sa pheleng (le ba bang) le tsona li ka bolokoa. Taba ena ha se khang e emelang maemo a tloaelehileng. «litakatso tsa botona le botšehali» ho bana kapa «tsepamisa maikutlo linthong tse sa pheleng e le lintho tse ka u tsosetsang takatso ea ho kopanela liphate». Ka hona, ha ho na khang e emelang maemo a khahlapetso a ho hohela thobalano ho lintho tsa bong bo le bong.

Ho feta moo, joalo ka ha ho se ho boletsoe kaholimo, likamano tsa botona le botšehali ho ea ka tlhaloso ea Big Medical Encyclopedia, li thehiloe ho lumellaneng ha 'mele oa setho sa botona sa banna le basali:

"Ho etsa thobalano (coitus; mantsoe a ts'oanang: likamano tsa botona le botšehali, rapprochement ea thobalano, ho kopitsa, thobalano) ke ts'ebetso ea mmele ho qala ho tloha nakong eo botona bo kenyelitsoeng ka hara botshehadi mme bo fela ka ejaculation le orgasm"¹².

Kahoo likamano tsa botona le botšehali [tseo takatso ea thobalano e khotsofalitsoeng ka tsona, bona kaholimo] lia khoneha feela magareng ga batho ba babedi ba ba godileng ba bong bo sele.

Moprofesa Andrei Anatolyevich Tkachenko mosebetsing oa hae o fana ka tlhaloso ea tloaelo ea thobalano e thehiloeng holim'a bokhoni ba ho ba le bana le ho tsamaellana ha 'mele oa setho sa botona le monna:

"Hamorao (Godlewski, 1977) ho ile ha hlahisoa mohopolo oa maemo a tloaelehileng, o neng o hatella likarolo tsa tlhaho. Ho latela litekanyetso tsena, mefuta e joalo ea boitšoaro ba batho ba baholo ba thobalano e tloaelehile hore: 1) ka mabaka a se nang morero ha e qhele ka thoko kapa ho fokotsa menyetla ea likamano tsa botona le botšehali e ka lebisang ho manyolo; 2) ha e khetholloe ka tšekamelo e phehellang ea ho qoba thobalano "¹³.

Ntle le moo, seo ho thoeng mefuta e meng ea ketso ea thobalano e tletse le likotsi tsa bophelo bo botle: mohlala, ts'ebetso ea ho ts'oaroa hoa bongaka, ka lebaka la ho se khonehe ha karolo ea ho qetela ea phepelo ea mpa ka karolo e amohelang, e amahanngoa le likotsi tse ngata tse bohloko le tse sa foleng. Ho ts'ehetsa sena, ho na le motheo oa bohlokoa oa lipatlisiso tse matla: Markland et al. (2016)¹⁴, Yarns et al. (2016)¹⁵, Rice et al. (2016)¹⁶, Boehmer et al. (2015)¹⁷, Spornraft-Ragaller (2014)¹⁸… Leha ho le joalo, lenane le qaqileng la likotsi tsa bophelo bo botle tse amanang le mefuta e meng ea thobalano ha se morero oa lengolo lena.

Ha ho tumellano har'a litsebi

Ha ho na tumellano mabapi le maemo a tloaelehileng a ho khahloa ke batho ba bong bo tšoanang har'a litsebi tsa mafu a kelello le kelello. Tumellano e matlafatsang e bonoa boemong ba sechaba se seng sa litsebi, se tsebahalang ka ho fetisisa ebile se qotsitsoeng ho sona ke American Psychiatric Association (e latelang APA) le American Psychological Association. Leha ho le joalo, tsena esita le tse ling ha li emele mekhatlo eohle ea Amerika ea litsebi. Tumellano e mpe e bonoa, ka mohlala, har'a litsebi tsa Alliance bakeng sa khetho ea kalafo¹⁹, American College of Pediatrician²⁰, Mokhatlo oa American Christian Psychologists²¹ le Mokgatlo wa Bongaka ba Katolike²². Ho feta moo, mekhatlo ea litsebi ea litsebi tsa mafu a kelello le litsebi tsa kelello ha e fumanehe United States of America feela, empa ho la Russia sena ha se e-so nkuoe ka molao. Ho ea kamoo re nahanang, Mokhatlo oa Russia oa Psychiatrists le Russian Psychological Society ke meaho e ikemetseng, mme eseng balekane ba mekhatlo e fapaneng ea Amerika. Ho totobetse hore sekolo sa bongaka sa lapeng (ka ho khetheha kelello le psychology) se na le boiphihlelo bo lekaneng ba saense le tleliniki e le hore se se ke sa amohela mabaka a thehiloeng ho ngangisano ea veumc veam. Ho feta moo, joalo ka ha ho bontšitsoe selelekeleng sa karohano ea mathata a kelello ho ICD-10, litlhaloso tse fumanehang litokomaneng tsena li na le maemo ebile ha li na khopolo:

"Litlhaloso le litaelo tsa hona joale ha li na moelelo oa khopolo mme ha li re ke tlhaloso e felletseng ea boemo ba hona joale ba tsebo ea mafu a kelello. Ke lihlopha tse fanang ka matšoao le litlhaloso tse ngata tse ngata tsa baeletsi le baeletsi ba linaha tse ngata tsa lefats'e ba lumetse e le motheo o amohelehang oa ho hlalosa meeli ea sehlopha ka tatellano ea mathata a kelello ”²³.

Phapang ea mahlale le ea bongaka e lokela ho theha sephetho se hlakileng, 'me tumellano efe kapa efe pakeng tsa litsebi e ka ba lebaka la tlhaloso ea tlhaiso-leseling ea tlhahlobo ea bongaka,' me e se ke ea laeloa ke maikutlo afe kapa afe a maikutlo, esita le a bohlanya ka ho fetisisa. Sehlopha sa mathata a kelello ho ICD-10 se bonts'a ho se tsotelle ha bopaki ba sepheo molemong oa lithahasello tsa maikutlo, tse ka amang bophelo bo botle le boiketlo ba bakuli ka lebaka la ho sitoa ho fana ka tlhokomelo ea bongaka e hlokahalang.

Ke na le bonnete ba hore u tseba ka mohlala le phetoho e lekantsoeng ea International Classization of mafu a phetoho ea 9, e etsahetseng selemong sa 1983 ha karolo ea V "Mathata a kelello" e ne e fetoloa hore e sebelisoe USSR ke sehlopha sa litsebi tsa litsebi tsa malapeng tse maemong a holimo. Karolo ena e fetotsoeng e boletse ka ho hlaka hore na tloaelo ea thobalano ke eng le hore na ke eng e khelohileng tloaelo. Ke eng e thibelang sechaba sa sejoale-joale sa litsebi tsa mafu a kelello le litsebi tsa kelello hore se se ke sa amohela maikutlo a phehisano a litsebi tse ling tsa Amerika mabapi le mathata a takatso ea thobalano?

Ho pheha khang ka matla le karolo e hlakileng ea mokhoa oa ho kenyelletsa ho hohela batho ba bong bo fapaneng ka mekhoa e fapaneng ea thobalano e nyatsitsoe likhatisong tse ngata tsa mahlale, bona ka mohlala Whitehead (2018)²⁴, Mayer le McHugh (2016)²⁵, Kinney (2015)²⁶, Rosik et al. (2012)²⁷, Cameron le Cameron (2012)²⁸Schumm (2012)²⁹, Phelan et al. (2009)³⁰ le ba bang.

Ntle le lithuto tsa setso, ho boetse ho na le mehlala ea maikutlo a batho ba khahloang ke batho ba bong bo tšoanang: Nicolosi (2004)³¹, Vasilchenko le Valliulin (2002)³², Liebig (2001)³³, Tkachenko (1997)³⁴van der Aardweg (1985)³⁵ ... Hape, lenane le qaqileng la mekhoa ea etiopathogenetic le ea kalafo ea ho hohela batho ba bong bo tšoanang ha se morero oa lengolo lena.

Kotsi ea ho latela litaba tsa sechaba le lipolotiki «kholo»

Ke ho nka ho le bohlokoa ho totobatsa hore bafuputsi ba bang ba supa bohatelli ba mehopolo ea boiketlo ba batho ka holim'a melaoana ea mahlale a mantlha a ho tseba melao ea thobalano: Martin (2016)³⁶, Jussim et al. (2015)³⁷, Duarte et al. (2015)³⁸Schumm (2010)³⁹ le ba bang.

Tsamaiso ea tloaelo ea ho khahloa ke batho ba bong bo le bong (hammoho le lintho tse ling tse khelohileng, lenane la eona e seng la sepheo sa lengolo lena) ho latela maikutlo a joalo ho latela se bitsoang Saense ea "mainstream", ke hore, e latelang kamorao ho maikutlo a mang a lipolotiki, joalo-joalo "Ho nepahala ha lipolotiki."

Ka pono ea "tloaelo" ho "sexology", polelo e reng, "tloaelo ea ho etsa thobalano", e bolelang motsoako oa "LITLHAKISO TSA MOTSOALLE", e ile ea qala ho sebelisoa ho latela palo e ntseng e eketseha ea litšitiso.

Sena se kenyelletsa ho hohela ho liphoofolo ka thobalano (Beetz (2004)⁴⁰, Tlatsetso (2011)⁴¹(Miletski, 2017)⁴² - bao ho thoeng "Tloaelo ea ho ratana le batho ba bong bo fapaneng." T.N. "Tloaelo ea ho ratana le batho ba bong bo fapaneng" e bua ka ho hohela thobalano le bana (Harvard Medical School (2010)⁴³Seto (2012)⁴⁴, Berlin, 2014)⁴⁵. Lentsoe lena [“oriental”] le boetse le sebelisoa ho bolela ho hohela linthong tse sa pheleng (Marsh, 2010)⁴⁶ kapa ho haelloa ke takatso ea thobalano ka se (seo ho thoeng ke "tloaelo e loketseng." bona Bogaert (2015)⁴⁷, Thuso (2016)⁴⁸).

Mme ehlile, joalo ka ha ho se ho boletsoe kaholimo, litekanyetso ho latela maikutlo a ho khahloa ke batho ba bong bo le bong li hlalosoa e le mofuta oa tloaelo ea boitšoaro ba thobalano ka mokhoa o ts'oanang le ponts'o efe kapa efe ea takatso ea thobalano ka kakaretso. Tlalehong ea Machaba ea Mafu ea Tlhatlhobo ea 11 (e latelang ICD-11), khahleho ea thobalano ho bana, liphoofolo, lintho tse sa pheleng, jj. - ke ntho e tloaelehileng ka bobeli, [mekhoa ena ea thobalano] e nkuoa e le tlokotsi ha feela e baka "khatello e kholo ea maikutlo"⁴⁹.

Ka mantsoe a mang, mokhoa oa mekhoa eohle e hohelang ea ho khahloa ke batho ba bong bo fapaneng o pheta tsela eo a tsamaileng ka eona ka lebaka la liketsahalo tsa 1968 - 1973, ho khahloa ke batho ba bong bo le bong pele ho qheleloa ka thoko lethathamong la likhetho ka ho khetha, moo ho nang le lipotso tse kholo. Sorba (2007)⁵⁰Satinover (1994)⁵¹Bayer (1981)⁵²) Ho ile ha etsoa qeto ea hore khahleho e joalo feela ea bong bo le bong, e kopaneng le khatello ea maikutlo le ho khesoa, ke ho kheloha (seo ho thoeng ke "bosodoma"), mme ho bile ha lumellanoa hore:

"Ha re sa mo beha lethathamong la mafu a mafu a kelello, ha re re taba ena e" tloaelehileng ebile e lekana le bong bo fapaneng "(1974 selemo)⁵³.

Mme hamorao, mekhatlo eona eo e ile ea fetola likelello tsa bona ho:

"Boitšoaro ba batho ba bong bo fapaneng le ba bosodoma ke lipontšo tse tloaelehileng tsa thobalano ea batho (...) Likamano tsa Basodoma, basodoma le ba bong bo fapaneng ke mefuta e tloaelehileng ea likamano tsa batho" (2008)⁵⁴.

Ho ea ka ICD-11, mefuta e joalo ea kheloha joaloka boroko bo haufi kapa ho robala le liphoofolo tse hohelang ho tsona e sethaleng sa "maemo", hanyane kapa hanyane e tsamaellana le sethala sa 1973 sa selemo sa bosodoma, i.e. ha li sa nkoe e le "ponahatso e tloaelehileng ea likamano tsa botona le botšehali tsa batho", empa ha e sa nkoa e le mekhelo joalo, empa e mpa e kopantsoe le khatello ea maikutlo le ho khesoa kahare.

Kotsi ea likhohlano tsa molao

Hape, tlasa maemo a hajoale a ho ba sieo ha motho ka mokhoa o hlakileng mabapi le ho hohela batho ba bong bo fapaneng e le ho kheloha molemong oa thobalano, likhohlano tsa molao li hlaha ha ho fanoa ka thuso ea kelello ho bana ba ka batlang thuso e ikhethang ha ba tobane le takatso ea bosodoma nakong ea bongoaneng, ka mohlala, ka lebaka la tlhekefetso ea thobalano. E 'ngoe ea litsela tse atileng, ho kenyelletsa le tsa ho thusa bana, linaheng tsa Bophirimela, tseo, har'a lintho tse ling, li kenelletsoang ka mokhoa oa molao, ke seo ho thoeng ke sa tšehetsa kapa «gay e amohelang» kalafo E le karolo ea mokhoa ona, ho khothaletsoa ho tsebisa mokuli e monyane hore ho thoe "tumellano e fihletsoe saenseng", hore boemo ba hae bo nahanoa hore ke boemo ba hae «tloaelo e ntle le e ntle ea ho ba le maikutlo a thobalano a motho», ha e hloke phetoho.

Pele ho tsohle, joalo ka ha ho bonts'itsoe kaholimo, ha e le hantle ho saense, ha ho na tumellano ea ho kheloha takatso ea thobalano, feela ho latela se bitsoang «ho nepahala hoa lipolotiki ”sechabeng tse ling.

Khohlano ea molao e sebetsa ho psychotherapist e ngoe le e ngoe ea Russia ha e sebetsa le bacha, hobane molao oa lapeng o tiisa hore:

“Ho buella likamano tsa thobalano tseo e seng tsa setso ho bana, tse hlahisitsoeng phetisong ea tlhaiso-leseling, e etselitsoeng ho theha maikutlo ao e seng a setso ho barui, ho hohela likamano tsa botona le botšehali tse seng tsa setso, mehopolo e sothehileng mabapi le ho lekana ha batho ba setso le bong bao e seng ba setsokapa tlhahiso ea tlhahisoleseling mabapi le likamano tsa thobalano tseo e seng tsa setso, e bakang thahasello likamanong tse joalo "⁵⁵.

fihlela qeto e

Kahoo, ntlha ea potso ea ka e ka fokotsoa hanyane hanyane ho e latelang: haeba (ho latela ICD-10 e amohetsoeng Russia) ho khahloa ha batho ba bong bo tšoanang ka bobeli ke ntho e tloaelehileng, ke mabaka afe a ka sebelisoang ho netefatsa hore sephethephethe se khelohileng kaofela (mohlala, pedophilia kapa ho robala le maemo ka bobeli lula u khelohile?

Maemong ha ho se na mekhoa e hlakileng, joalo ka mohlala bukeng ea bongaka e hlophisitsoeng ke prof. V.N. Krasnova le prof. I. Ya. Gurovich kapa mosebetsing oa prof. A. A. Tkachenko (bona kaholimo), kutloisiso ea moelelo oa khahloa ea thobalano e fetoha e sa hlakang, e amanang hape. Liphapang tsohle tse hlahisoang ke batšehetsi ba khahloa ea bosodoma li sebetsa ho litšitiso tsohle tsa thobalano. Ho "maqhubu" a mahlale, sena e se e le 'nete - mohlala ke mokhoa oa "paraphilia" bukeng ea Diagnostic le lipalo bakeng sa mathata a kelello a khatiso ea 5 le ho Classified ea Mafu a Mafu a 11.

Na see se bolela hore haufinyane ho tla thehoa boemo bo tšoanang ho tsa mafu a kelello le malapeng - liphapang tse fapaneng, hammoho le ho khahloa ke batho ba bong bo tšoanang e tla ba ntho e tloaelehileng?

Ke khomarela tlhaloso e sa utloahaleng: ho na le tloaelo ea ho hohela (ho hohela banna le basali ba holileng tsebong ka thobalano) le mefuta e khelohileng (bakeng sa bana, bong ba bona, liphoofolo, joalo-joalo).

Ke tšepa hore u ke ke ua hlokomoloha lengolo lena.

Litlotla

c. m. V. Lysov

Lengolo le bulehileng le phatlalalitsoeng sebakeng sa marang-rang https://pro-lgbt.ru/906  U ka ingolisa ho litlatsetso.

Ela hloko: lebaka; moo ke nkile qeto ea ho romela lengolo ho batho ba bangata ba amohelang, ke tšabo ea hore molaetsa ona o ke ke oa fihla ho baamoheli ba ka sehloohong. Ka ho tloaela batho ba bangata ba nang le thahasello le mekhatlo ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang ka potso e boletsoeng, monyetla oa ho bua ka taba ena, ka maikutlo a ka, o tla fokotseha. Ka hona, ke khothaletsa e mong le e mong ea nang le thahasello mabapi le bothata bo amehileng hore le bona ba romelle lengolo lena le bulehileng ho baamoheli ba bang, ka saena ea bona.

Likopi tsa lengolo lena le bulehileng li ile tsa romelloa ho:

Mokhomishenara oa Litokelo tsa Ngoana
Anna Yuryevna Kuznetsova
125993 Moscow, GSP-3, Miusskaya sq., D.7 p. 1
obr@deti.gov.ru

Mopresidente oa Setsebi sa Psychotherapeutic League
Moprofesa Ngaka ea Saense Viktor V. Makarov
115280 Moscow, (m. Avtozavodskaya) 2-th Avtozavodsky ndima, d. 4, Lefapha la Psychotherapy le Sexology RMAPO
Center@oppl.ru

Tsamaiso e Phethahetseng ea Moea ea Mamosleme a Russia
450057 Ufa, Seterata sa Tukaev, ntlo 50
info@cdum.ru

Lefapha la synodal bakeng sa kamano ea Kereke le sechaba le boralitaba
119334 Moscow, Andreevskaya Embankment, 2
contact@sinfo-mp.ru

Ts'ebeletso ea tlhaiso-leseling ea Roman Catholic Archdiocese ea 'Me oa Molimo ho la Moscow
123557 Moscow, st. Malaya Gruzinskaya, d. 27 / 13, leq. 1
info@cathmos.ru

Mokhatlo o Sebelisang Tsohle oa Russia bakeng sa Ts'ireletso ea Lelapa "Batsoali Tsohle-Moaho oa Russia (RVS)"
rvs@rvs.su

Mokhomishenara oa Sechaba bakeng sa Ts'ireletso ea Lelapa St. Petersburg le Setereke sa Leningrad
Olga Nikolaevna Baranets
detispb@bk.ru

Ofisi ea Kamohelo ea Mokha oa Lipolotiki
Liberal Democratic Party ea Russia
107045, Moscow, Lukov Lane, 9, leq. 1
info@ldpr.ru

Ts'ebeletso ea Press Press Faction Press
Mokha oa Bokomonisi oa Russian Federation
tobetsa-sluzhba@kprf.ru

Hlooho ea Komiti ea Leano la Leano la Sechaba ea mokha oa lipolotiki oa All-Russian Public Movement
Tatyana Gennadevna Soboleva
socpolitik@pvo.center

Letona la Bophelo la Rephaboliking ea Chechen
Moqhatsetsi oa Saense ea Bongaka Elkhan Abdullaevich Suleymanov
info@minzdravchr.ru

Letona la Bophelo la Rephabliki ea Tatarstan
mokhethoa oa mahlale a tsa bongaka Marat Nailevich Sadykov
minzdrav@tatar.ru

Mohlophisi e moholo oa koranta "Zavtra"
Alexander Andreevich Prokhanov
zavtra@zavtra.ru

Ngaka e Hlomphehang ea Rephabliki ea Russia Jan Genrikhovich Goland
kor-nn@yandex.ru

Mokhatlo o ikemetseng oa sechaba "Lelapa, lerato, naha ea bo-ntate"
semlot-org@yandex.ru

Mokhatlo o ikemetseng oa sechaba "Bakeng sa litokelo tsa lelapa"
profamilia.ru@gmail.com

Moprofesa oa Lefapha la Naha le Tsamaiso ea Tsamaiso ea Masepala eaense ea Mahlale Igor Vladislavovich Ponkin
iv.ponkin@migsu.ranepa.ru

Ts'ebeletso ea Tlhahisoleseling le Tlhahlobo
Mohala oa setso oa Russia
info@ruskline.ru

Yelena Vladimirovna Kastorskaya, Motlatsi oa Saense ea Molao, Moprofesa oa Kopano, Lefapha la Molao oa Tlolo ea Molao
mihail.kastorskii@mail.ru

Mothusi, Lefapha la Boitšoaro, PFUR
Moqhatsetsi oa Philosophy Ivan Evgenievich Lapshin
superdevice@mail.ru

Kopanya Moprofesa, Lefapha la Bongaka ba Sechaba le Mosebetsi oa Sechaba, RGUTiS
Moqapi oa lithuto tsa mahlale a Pedagogical Natya Mikhailovna Zorina
nmz56@yandex.ru

Lintlha

1. Krasnov V.N., Gurovich I.Ya. (Ed.) Tataiso ea bongaka: mehlala ea tlhahlobo le kalafo ea mafu a kelello le a boitšoaro. M.: Setsi sa Patlisiso sa Moscow sa Psychiatry, 1999. - 224 sec.
2. Taelo ea tumello ea taolo ea bongaka ha e na thuso
3. Kazakovtsev B.A., Goland V.B. (ed.) Mathata a kelello le mathata a boitšoaro (F00-F99) (Sehlopha sa V ICD-10, se lokiselitsoeng ho sebelisoa Russia Federation). M.: Prometheus, 2013. - 584 p., lintlha ho karolo ea F66, e totobalitsoeng ke 'na
4. Ibid., Rubric F66.1x
5. Ibid., Heading F65
6. Brief Psychological Dictionary / Ed. A.V. Petrovsky, M.G. Yaroshevsky; ed. L.A. Karpenko. - Khatiso ea 2, e atolositsoe, e ntlafalitsoe le ho eketsoa. - Rostov-on-Don: Phoenix, 1998. - 512 sec.
7. Kazakovtsev B.A., Goland V.B. (Ed.), Kholomo ea F65.4, e totobalitsoe ke 'na
8. Ibid., Karolo F65.8, e totobalitsoe ke 'na
9. Litaelo tsa WHO bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea laboratori le ho sebetsoa ha peō ea motho, 2010 http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/topics/infertility/definitions/ru/e hlakisitswe ke nna
10. Lenane la Litekanyetso tsa ART, 2009 Revised ICMART le WHO Glossary of Terms of ART, 2009 www.who.int/reprodpenthealth/publications/infertility/art_terminology2_ru.pdfe hlakisitswe ke nna
11. Big Medical Encyclopedia, khatiso ea 3, e fumanehang inthaneteng bme.org / index.php / sv bophelo ba thobalano
12. Ibid., Likamano tsa botona le botšehali tsa Sv
13. Boitšoaro bo sa tloaelehang ba thobalano / Ed. A.A. Tkachenko. - M .: RIO GNSSSiSP bona. V.P. Serbia, 1997. - 426 sec.
14. Markland et al. Anal Intercourse le Fecal Incontinence: Bopaki bo tsoang ho 2009 - 2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.The American Journal of Gastroenterology volume 111, maqephe 269 - 274 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2015.419
15. Yarns et al. Bophelo bo botle ba kelello ba Batho ba baholo ba LGBT. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2016 Jun; 18 (6): 60. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-016-0697-y
16. Rice CE, Maierhofer C, Masimong KS, Ervin M, Lanza ST, Turner AN. Beyond Anal Thobalano: Litloaelo tsa thobalano har'a li-MSM le mekhatlo e amanang le HIV le mafu a mang a tšoaetsanoang ka ho kopanela liphate. Koranta ea bongaka ba thobalano. 2016; 13 (3): 374-382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsxm.2016.01.001
17. Boehmer U, Ronit U. Cancer le Sechaba sa LGBT. Mehopolo e ikhethileng ho tloha Kotsi ho ea Phololong. Springer, 2015. https://www.springer.com/la/book/9783319150567
18. Spornraft-Ragaller P. [Syphilis: lefu la seoa le lecha hara MSM]. MMW Fortschr Med. 2014 Jun 12; 156 Suppl 1: 38-43; lipotso 44. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25026856
19. Mokhatlo oa Khetho ea Phekolo, https://www.therapeuticchoice.com/
20. American College of Paediatrician, https://www.acpeds.org/
21. Mokhatlo oa Amerika oa Baeletsi, https://www.aacc.net
22. Mokhatlo oa Bongaka oa K'hatholike, http://www.cathmed.org/
23. Kazakovtsev B.A., Goland V.B. (Mong.), Selelekela, se totobalitsoeng ke 'na
24. Whitehead N. Letsoalo la ka le Nketsetse! Bosodoma le bopaki ba saense. Khatiso ea 5th, Whitehead Associates 2018; www.mygenes.co.nz/mgmmdi_pdfs/2018FullBook.pdf
25. Mayer LS, McHugh PR. Thobalano le Bong: Litaba tse fumanoeng tsa Saense ea Tlholeho, Psychological le Sechaba. Atlantis e ncha, Palo 50, Fall 2016, leq. 116. http://www.thenewatlantis.com/sexualityandgender
26. Kinney III RL. Bosodoma le bopaki ba mahlale: Ka li-anecdotes tse belaelloang, lintlha tsa khale, le litaba tse akaretsang Lenane la Linacre Quarterly 82 (4) 2015, 364 - 390 https://doi.org/10.1179/2050854915Y.0000000002
27... Rosik, CH, Jones, SL, & Byrd, AD (2012). Ho tseba seo re sa se tsebeng ka maikutlo a thobalano ho fetola boiteko. Setsebi sa kelello sa Amerika, 67 (6), 498-499. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0029683
28. Cameron P, Cameron K. o hlahlobisisa Evelyn Hooker: Ho beha rekoto ka kotloloho ka maikutlo mabapi le ho nchafatsoa hoa Schumm's (2012). Tlhahlobo ea Lenyalo le Lelapa. 2012; 48: 491 - 523. https://doi.org/10.1080/01494929.2012.700867
29. Schumm WR. Ho hlahloba bocha patlisiso e ikhethang Tlhahlobo ea Lenyalo le Lelapa. 2012; 8: 465 - 89. https://doi.org/10.1080/01494929.2012.677388
30. Phelan JE, et al. Seo Patlisiso e se Bontšang: Karabo ea NARTH ho Tlaleho ea APA mabapi le Bosodoma Tlaleho ea Komiti ea Boeletsi ea Saense ea Mokhatlo oa Sechaba oa Lipatlisiso le Phekolo ea Bong bo Tšoanang. Tlaleho ea Bong ba Botsoa ba Batho 2009, Buka 1.
31... Nicolosi J. Phekolo e phetoang ea bosodoma ba banna. Mokhoa o mocha oa bongaka. - Lancham, Boulder, New York, Toronto, Oxford: Buka ea Jason Aronson. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 2004. - XVIII, 355 leq.
32. Vasilchenko G.S., Valiullin R.N. Ho tse ling tsa menyetla ea ho fana ka tlhokomelo ea bongaka bakeng sa bosodoma ba banna // Mathata a sebele a psychology le psychology ea bongaka: Lisebelisoa tsa kopano ea saense le ts'ebetso e nehetsoeng sehopotso sa 15 sa Lefapha la Saense ea Bong le Bongaka ba Bongaka ba Kharkov Medical Academy ea Thupelo ea Bongaka ba Boitsebiso. - Kharkov, 2002. - S. 47 - 48.
33. Libikh S.S. Bophelo bo Botle ba Batho ba ho Kopanela Liphate // Tataiso ea ho Sexology / Ed. S.S. Liebig. - St. Petersburg, Kharkov, Minsk: Peter, 2001. - S. 26 - 41.
34. Boitšoaro bo sa tloaelehang ba thobalano / Ed. A.A. Tkachenko. - M .: RIO GNSSSiSP bona. V.P. Serbia, 1997. - 426 sec.
35. van den Aardweg G. Malele a batho ba bong bo tšoanang le ntlha ea Neuroticism: Tlhahlobo ea Liphetho tsa Patlo. Psychic Psychotherapy; 1985: 79: 79. http://psycnet.apa.org/record/1986-17173-001
36. Martin CC. Kamoo Maikutlo a Nepahetseng a Itsitseng Tlhahiso ea Sechaba. Am Soc (2016) 47: 115 130. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12108-015-9263-z
37. Jussim L, et al. Mahlale a Ntle ho Patlisiso ea Tlhabollo ea Sechaba. Conservative Criminology 2015, Pherekhong 1st.
38. Duarte JL, et al. Phapang ea lipolotiki e tla ntlafatsa saense ea kelello ea sechaba. Lithuto tsa Behaivesal and Brain Science (2015) https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X14000430
39. Schumm WR. Litlhokahalo tsa lipalo Bakeng sa ho etsa lipatlisiso ka nepo A Null Hypothesis. Litlaleho tsa Psychological, 2010, 107, 3, 953-971. https://doi.org/10.2466/02.03.17.21.PR0.107.6.953-971
40. Beetz AM. Bestiality / Zoophilia: Phenomenon e Patiloeng ka mokhoa o makatsang Pakeng tsa Bokebekoa, Paraphilia, le Lerato, Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice, 4: 2, 1-36, https://doi.org/10.1300/J158v04n02_01
41. Aggrawal A. Sehlopha se secha sa zoophilia. Tlaleho ea Forensic le Legal Medicine Vol 18, Issue 2, Hlakola 2011, maqephe 73-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2011.01.004
42. Miletski H. Zoophilia: Boitšoaro bo bong ba Thobalano? Arch Ho Ho Behav. 2017 Jan; 46 (1): 39-42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-016-0891-3
43. Lengolo la bophelo bo botle ba 'mele oa Harvard. Pessimism mabapi le pedophilia. Phupu 2010. http://www.health.harvard.edu/newsletter_article/pessimism-about-pedophilia
44. Seto MC. Na Pedophilia ke Tloaelo ea Thobalano? Li-Archives tsa Boitšoaro ba botona le botšehali 41 (1): 231-6. DOI: 10.1007 / s10508-011-9882-6
45. Berlin FS. Pedophilia le DSM-5: Bohlokoa ba ho Hlalosa ka ho hlaka Sebaka sa Tlholeho ea Pedophilic. Sengoloa sa American Academy of Psychiatry le Molao 2014, 42 (4) 404-407
46. Marsh A. Lerato Har'a Basali ba Objectum. Tlaleho ea Elektroniki ea Thobalano ea Batho. Moq. 13. Hlakubele 1st 2010
47. Bogaert AF. Boikokobetso: Hore na ke Hobane'ng hape e le Habohlokoa. Tlaleho ea Patlisiso ea Thobalano, 52 (4), 362 - 379, 2015 https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2015.1015713
48. Helm KM. Ho Hooka: Psychology ea Thobalano le Ho Kopana. ABC-CLIO: Santa Barbara, 2016; leqephe la 32
49... Pele ka Senyesemane: “e le hore… bothata bo fumanoe… motho o tlameha ho ba le khatello ea maikutlo…”. ICD-11 ea Lipalopalo tsa ho shoa ha batho le ho bolaoa ke mafu (ICD-11 MMS) 2018 mofuta oa phetolelo bakeng sa ho lokisetsa ts'ebetsong. Mathata a Paraphilic: 6D30-36. https://icd.who.int/browse11/l-m/en
50. Sorba R. The "Born Gay" Hoax. Sehlopha sa Ryan Sorba Inc. Khatiso ea pele ea 2007, leqepheng la 15-28
51. Satinover J. Leha e le saense kapa ea demokrasi. Linacre Quarterly. Moq. 66: Che. 2, Sengoloa 7. 1999; 84
52. Bayer R. Bosodoma le Psychiki ya Amerika: The Politics of Diagnosis. Xnumx
53. Tlhatlhobo ea Basodoma le Tlhakollo ea Thobalano ka Thobalano: Phetoho e Khethiloeng ho DSM-II, khatiso ea 6th, leqephe la polelo ea boemo ba 44 (ea tlohetseng mosebetsi). American Psychiatric Association, Tokomane ea Tokomane ea APA No. Xnumx
54. American Psychological Association (American Psychological Association). (Xnumx) Likarabo tsa lipotso tsa hao: Bakeng sa kutloisiso e ntle ea likamano tsa botona le botšehali le bosodoma. (Likarabo tsa lipotso tsa hao: Bakeng sa kutloisiso e ntle ea likamano tsa botona le botšehali le bosodoma.) Mohloli: http://www.apa.org/topics/sexuality/orientation.aspx
55. Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offences” ea la 30.12.2001 Tšitoe, 195 N 03.08.2018-FZ (joalokaha e fetotsoe ka la 26.09.2018 Phato, XNUMX) (joalo ka ha e fetotsoe le ho tlatselletsoa, ​​e qalileng ho sebetsa ka la XNUMX Loetse XNUMX), ho ekelitsoe khatiso.

---

Karabelo ea mosebeletsi ho mosebeletsi ea bulehileng mabapi le ts'ehetso ea lipheo tsa lefutso ho ICD

Ka September 2018, sehlopha sa Science for True se ile sa romela lengolo le bulehileng ho Letona la Bophelo Veronika Skvortsova, bapresidente ba sechaba sa Russia sa kelello le kelello, hammoho le mekhatlo ea bolumeli ea lipolotiki le ea sechaba (https://pro-lgbt.ru/906/).

Ho bohle baamohelang, ke moemeli oa sechaba feela oa tšireletso ea malapa ho St. Petersburg le Setereke sa Leningrad ba arabelang ka ho romella lengolo le bulehileng ho ba boholong ba kaholimo molemong oa hae (http://katyusha.org/view?id=10649) le "Mokhatlo oa Lelapa o Ratoang"

Karabo e tsoang ho Lekala la Bophelo e ile ea amoheloa boipiletsong bona: "Maikutlo a hau a amohetse, kea leboha."

Ka bobeli Lekala la Bophelo le baetapele ba mekhatlo ea kelello le kelello khetha ho lula u khutsitse mabapi le sehlooho se qosoa ka lipolotiki. Ka nako e ts'oanang, karabelo ea semmuso e ile ea fanoa ho kopo ea batšehetsi ba LGBT ba tsoang Pyatigorsk ho lemoha sepheo sa buka ea tataiso ea International Classification of Diseases (ICD) mabapi le mehopolo ea Russia mabapi le litloaelo tsa boitšoaro ba thobalano. 

Lekala la Bophelo le ile la arabela ka mokhoa o fapaneng le kopo e latelang ea setho se seng sa sehlopha sa Science for True ka ho khutlisetsa kopo ho litsebi ho FSBI NICC PN e bitsoang kamora V.P. Serbia »Lekala la Bophelo la Russia.

Motsamaisi kakaretso oa FSBI "NICC PN ba. V.P. Serbsky ”, MD, moprofesa Z.I. Kekelidze o netefalitse bohlokoa ba lipotso tse hlahisitsoeng lengolong mme a supa tlhokeho ea puisano e pharalletseng sechabeng sa bo-ramahlale, litsebi tsa thobalano le litsebi tsa kelello. 

Ho ela hloko lithahasello tsa naha tsa batho ba Russian Federation tse hlalositsoeng molaetseng oa Mopresidente Vladimir Putin, hammoho le lipuisano tse tsoelang pele ka morero oa ICD-11, puisano ena e lokela ho kenya letsoho nts'etsopele ea boemo bo hlakileng ba sechaba sa mahlale sa Russia mabapi le mekhoa ea tlhahlobo ea mafu a kelello.

Hoa lokela ho hlokomeloa haholo-holo hore lithahasello le litekanyetso tsa boitšoaro tsa batho ba Federation ea Russia, hammoho le merero ea maano bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea Russia, e hanana le taelo ea baeta-pele ba Bophirima ba ho fokotsa palo ea lefats'e ka ho ruta moloko o monyane: mashano a ho ntša mpa, boitšoaro bo sa tloaelehang ba thobalano le tšenyeho ea setsi sa lelapa, se entsoeng ka boikaketsi thobalano "thuto". 

Joalo ka ha u tseba, ho tloha bohareng ba lekholo la bo20 la lilemo, tlasa banka ea "bothata ba bongata bo fetang" lefats'e, e ntse e le lets'olo la lefats'e ka bophara le reretsoeng ho fokotsa matla a ho ba le bana le ho fokotsa palo ea baahi. Leano lena le 'nile la hlahisoa khafetsa lipolaneteng tsohle tsa lefats'e, ho kenyelletsa le liphatlalatsong tsa saense tsa Club of Rome, tse kopanyang baemeli ba lefats'e ba lipolotiki, lichelete, setso le bo-ramahlale ba phahameng. Mo dinageng tse di tlhabologileng thata, selekanyo sa botsalo se setse se fokotsegile fela kwa tlase ga selekanyo sa tlhamalalo e e bonolo ya baagi, mme palo ya batho ba ba godileng e lekana kana e feta palo ya bana. Lenyalo le ntse le eketseha ka tlhalo 'me le nkeloa sebaka ke ho lula hammoho. Litaba tsa botona le botšehali, bosodoma le liketsahalo tsa transgender li fumane boemo ba pele. Phallo, eseng "tšitiso" e kholo ea nalane e fetohile ntho e ncha ea lefats'e.

Ho 1954, pampitšana ea US Population Bomb ea US e phatlalalitsoe, moo tšokelo ea kholo ea baahi e ileng ea nyoloha le tlhokeho e potlakileng ea taolo ea tlhaho. Ho 1959, Lefapha la Naha la US le fane ka tlaleho ea mekhoa ea lefatše lohle, e ileng ea fihlela qeto ea hore kholo ea eona e potlakileng e sokela botsitso ba machaba. Ho 1969, puong ea hae ho Congress, Mopresidente oa Nixon o ile a bitsa kholo ea "bothata bo bong bo tebileng ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa qetello ea batho" mme a re ho nkeloe bohato ka potlako. Setsebi sa lefats'e sa Kingsley Davis, e leng e 'ngoe ea lipalo tsa mantlha ntlafatsong ea melaoana ea thibelo ea bokhachane, hammoho le ho tsebahala ha lithibela-pelehi, ho ntša mpa le ho nyopa, ho khothalelitseng "ho fetola boitšoaro ba thobalano" le ho khothaletsa "mekhoa e seng ea tlhaho ea likamano tsa thobalano." Mosali oa Davis, setsebi sa kahisano Judith Blake, o khothalelitse ho felisa melemo ea lekhetho le matlo e khothalletsang ho tsoala bana le ho tlosa likotlo tse molaong le sechabeng khahlanong le bosodoma. Preston Cloud, ea emelang Setsi sa Sechaba sa Mahlale sa US, o khothalelitse mmuso ho etsa semolao ka molao ka ho ntša mpa le mekhatlo ea basodoma. Ka selemo sona seo, Frederick Jaffe, motlatsi oa mopresidente oa International Federation of Family Planning (IFES) o ile a fana ka tumellano eo ho eona "ho khothaletsa kholo ea bosodoma" ho neng ho nkuoa e le e 'ngoe ea mekhoa ea ho fokotsa sekhahla sa tsoalo. Likhoeli tse tharo hamorao, merusu ea Stonewall e ile ea phatloha mme khatello ea qala ho American Psychiatric Organisation (APA), e ileng ea fella ka qeto ea tsamaiso ea ho qhelela bosodoma ho khethollo ea mafu, e ileng ea lumella ho qaleha ha tumello ea likamano tsa bong bo tšoanang. Ho 1970, mongoli oa khopolo ea phetoho ea palo ea batho, Frank Noutstein, ea buang Setsing sa Sechaba sa Sesole ka pel'a liofisiri tse kholo o boletse hore "bosodoma bo sirelelitsoe motheong oa hore bo thusa ho fokotsa kholo ea baahi" (ho feta: https://pro-lgbt.ru/13/).

Tlas'a khatello e tsoang ho basireletsi ba bong bo botle ba neng ba etsa liketsahalo tse nyarosang mme ba nka karolo ka kotloloho ho "depoology", American Psychiatric Association (APA) e ile ea tšoara vouta e nyarosang ea ho qhelela bosodoma lenaneng la mathata a kelello. Tsebiso "302.0 - bosodoma" e ile ea nkeloa sebaka ke tlhahlobo ea "302.00 - bosodoma" mme ea fetisetsoa sehlopheng sa "mathata a kelello."

Barbara Gitting, mme oa Mokhatlo oa Litokelo tsa Gay, hamorao o ile a lumela a sa hlathe koana le koana: "Ho ne ho se qeto ea bongaka, ke ka hona tsohle li etsahetseng ka potlako hakana. Ntle le moo, ho se ho fetile lilemo tse tharo feela ho tloha ha ketsahalo ea pele e sisimosa kopanong ea APA le pele ho khetho ea boto ea batsamaisi, e ileng ea qhelela bosodoma lenaneng la mathata a kelello. E ne e le qeto ea lipolotiki ... Re ile ra fola bosiu bo le bong ka leqeba la pene ”(ho feta: https://pro-lgbt.ru/295/).

Ho 1987, APA ka khutso e ile ea tlosa litšupiso tsohle tsa bonyatsi ho lebitso la eona, ka nako ena ntle le ho ts'oenyeha ho khetha. Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo (WHO) o latela feela mehatong ea APA mme selemong sa 1990 le eona e tlositse bosodoma ho khethollong ea mafu, e boloka feela lipontšo tsa eona tsa mohlala. Sebakeng sa mahlale le saense se tsebahalang, ho ntse ho hlaha lipotso tse ngata mabapi le ho amohela ho robala le liphoofolo tse haufi le batho ba ratanang le batho ba bong bo tšoanang.

Hoa lokela ho hlokomeloa hore Russia Federation, hoo e ka bang ka nako e le 'ngoe le kenyelletso ea ICD-10, ka taelo ea Lekala la Bophelo No. 311 ea la 06.08.1999, tataiso ea bongaka "Mehlala ea tlhahlobo le kalafo ea kelello le boits'oaro. disorders "e amohetsoe, ea hlophisoa ke prof. V. N. Krasnova le prof. I. Ya. Gurovich. Tataiso ena e fane ka tlhaloso e hlakileng le e sa khethang ea litloaelo tsa thobalano le ho se sebetse hantle ka thobalano: “Mekhoa ea tloaelo ea thobalano ke: bong bo bong, kholo ea balekane, boithatelo ba puisano, ho loanela tumellano, ho se be kotsi 'meleng le kelellong bophelong ba balekane le ba bang. Ho hloka taolo ea khetho ea thobalano ho bolela ho kheloha hofe kapa hofe ho tloaelehileng ho tsa boits'oaro, ho sa tsotelehe ponahalo le semelo sa eona, ho teba ha matla le mabaka a thuto. Mohopolo ona o kenyelletsa mathata ka bobeli molemong oa ho kheloha ho sechabeng litloaelo, le ho tsoa mekhoeng ea bongaka "

Likhoeling tsa pele tsa ho khethoa ha hae, Letona la Bophelo la Russia Veronika Skvortsova, ka taelo ea 1042 ea 13 ka la XDUMX ea selemo, o phatlalalitse buka ena e sa sebetse, ha e le hantle, e felisa mohopolo oa "tloaelo ea thobalano" e sebetsang ho Russian Federation mme ka tsela eo o bula "fensetere ea monyetla" oa ho etsa batho ba LGBT Liphetoho naheng ea rona (https://vk.cc/8YHcgs).

Joalo ka ha bangoli ba ICD-10 ka bo bona ba bonts'a, litlhaloso tsa motsamaisi li na le lipehelo: "Litlhaloso le litaelo tsa hona joale ha li na moelelo oa khopolo mme ha li re ke tlhaloso e felletseng ea boemo ba hona joale ba tsebo ea mafu a kelello. Ke lihlopha tse fanang ka matšoao le litlhaloso tse ngata tse ngata tsa baeletsi le baeletsi ba linaha tse ngata tsa lefats'e ba lumetse e le motheo o amohelehang oa ho hlalosa meeli ea sehlopha ka tatellano ea mathata a kelello ”.

Tlhalo ea saense le bongaka e lokela ho theha liqeto tse hlakileng, mme "tumellano" efe kapa efe pakeng tsa litsebi e ka ba feela lebaka la tlhaiso-leseling la tlhahlobo ea bongaka le boiphetetso, mme ha e laeloe ke maikutlo afe kapa afe a maikutlo, esita le a bohlasoa ka ho fetisisa. Karolelano ea mathata a kelello ho ICD-10 e bonts'a ho se tsotelle ha bopaki ba sepheo molemong oa lithahasello tsa maikutlo, tse ka amang bophelo bo botle le boiketlo ba bakuli ka lebaka la ho sitoa ho ba fa tlhokomelo ea bongaka e hlokahalang.

Ka 7 ka Mots'eanong 2018, Mopresidente oa Russia Federation Vladimir Putin o saenetse Molao "Ka lipheo tsa naha le merero ea maano ea nts'etsopele ea 'Muso oa Russia bakeng sa selemo se tlang ho 2024", temana ea pele eo ho eona ho builoeng ka ho netefatsa kholo e tsitsitseng ea tlhaho ho baahi ba Russian Federation. Kaha phatlalatso ea bosodoma e reriloe ho fokotsa sekhahla sa tsoalo le ho nyenyefatsa litekanyetso tsa setso tsa LGBT e netefalitse ts'ebetso ea eona, kotlo bakeng sa phatlalatso ea bosodoma, ho kenyelletsa molato oa botlokotsebe, le ho khutlisetsa mekhoa ea ho khetholla tloaelo ea boitšoaro ba thobalano e hlokahala.

Mopresidente o ile a boela a saena Molao oa Federale oa la 25.12.2018 December, 489 No. XNUMX-FZ "Ka Liphetoho tsa Molao oa 'Muso "Mabapi le Metheo ea ho Sireletsa Bophelo bo Botle ba Baahi Russia Federation" ka Litlhahiso tsa Tleliniki."

Litataiso tse ncha tsa kliniki li tla hlahisoa butle butle, 'me ts'ebetso ea tsona e lokela ho phetheloa pele 31 December lilemo tse 2021.

Ho ea ka molao oa koporasi, tataiso litleleniki tsa bongaka e tla ba motheo oa tlhokomelo ea bongaka mme e tla ba tlamo.

Litlhahiso tsa bongaka li ka hlahlojoa ke 'mele o ikhethileng - likeletso tsa mahlale le tšebetso, tse entsoeng ho tsoa ho baemeli ba mekhatlo ea saense, ea thuto le ea bongaka e ka tlase ho Lekala la Bophelo la Russia.

Lekhotla la Mahlale le Setso le tla nka qeto mabapi le tumello, ho hana likeletso tsa bongaka kapa tataiso ea bona bakeng sa tlhahlobo. Boikarabello ba ho theha lekhotla, ho amohela melaoana ho ona le ho amohela sebopeho sa lekhotla se phomolong ea Lekala la Bophelo la Russia (ho feta: https://vk.cc/8R2RoC)

Ha ba araba lengolo le bulehileng le tsoang ho sehlopha sa Science bakeng sa 'Nete, sechaba sa mahlale sa Russia se amohetse memo ea semmuso ea ho bua ka litaba tse amanang le ho boloka borena ba batho ba Russia mabapi le "melaoana" ea Bochabela e khothalletsoang ho fokotsa palo ea batho ho latela Cairo Accords ea 1994 selemo.

The Oxford Historical Dictionary of Psychiatry e bolela hore le hoja libakeng tse ling, tse kang tšimoloho ea schizophrenia, mafu a kelello a ile a leka ho ba saense ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang, litabeng tse amanang le likamano tsa botona le botšehali, kelello e ne e itšoara joaloka "mohlanka oa beng ba eona ba setso le lipolotiki." Ho ba bonolo ha hae ho bonahala haholo tabeng ea bosodoma. 

Joalokaha Mopresidente a boletse atereseng ea Seboka sa Federale: "Russia e ne e le 'muso o ipusang, o ikemtseng. Ke ntho e makatsang feela, e kanna ea ba joalo, kapa e ke ke ea ba joalo ". Russia ha ea lokela ho ba "mosebeletsi oa beng ba litso le bo-ralipolotiki ba kantle ho naha."

Eya mosebetsing oa rona! Re kopa litho tsa sehlopha sa lekhotla la mahlale le tse sebetsang ho etsa qeto mabapi le litlhahiso tsa bongaka lefapheng la mathata a maikutlo a batho ba ratanang le banna le basali hore ba ithute lisebelisoa tsa sebaka seo. https://pro-lgbt.ru/.

Saense ea Sehlopha sa 'Nete https://vk.com/science4truth
Webosaete ea sehlopha: https://pro-lgbt.ru/

Ho phaella moo

Boipiletso: Sireletsa Bobusi ba Saense ba Russia le Ts'ireletso ea Baahi

Bosodoma: Ho senyeha kelellong kapa che?

Jan Goland mabapi le kalafo ea bosodoma (tlhahlobo ea lipotso tse ikhethang tsa video)

Garnik Kocharyan ka kalafo e iphetetsang bakeng sa basodoma

Bobuelli bo fetola bacha hore e be bafetoheli