ʻO ke ʻano o ka ʻōpiopio o nā holoholona he mea hoʻolaha politika kālaiʻike!

The World of Science: Pedagogy and Psychology magazine, i hoʻohui ʻia i ka List of Russian peer-review journal, i ʻāpono ʻia e Higher Attestation Commission (HAC RF) a me kahi ʻāpana o ka Pūnaewele Pūnaewele ʻo Mālama Pūnaewele, ua paʻi i kahi ʻatikala e hōʻole i ka moʻomeheu o ka male male i ka holoholona.

Ua kapa ʻia ka ʻatikala: ʻO ka pilikia o ka wehewehe anthropomorphic e pili ana i ka ʻano holoholona i loko o ke ʻano o kahi kūkākūkā e pili ana i nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano o ke ʻano moe kanaka.

Hōʻike Hou

I loko o ka meaʻuhao o nā mea hana LGBT, hiki i kekahi ke lohe i ka ʻōlelo e pili ana i ka homosexuality he ʻano ʻano maʻamau no kekahi kanaka, ʻoiai ka mea i ʻike ʻia e like me ke ʻano - ma waena o nā holoholona. Kūkala ʻia kēia ʻōlelo ma nā ʻōlelo e pili ana:

1) ʻike ʻia ka male male i waena o nā holoholona;
2) nā mea a nā holoholona e hana kūlohelohe;
3) no laila, he kūlohelohe ka kāne male.

ʻO ka pilikia o kēia hopena, ʻo ka 1 e hōʻike ana i ka mea hou o ke kumumanaʻo a me ka hoʻākāka anthropomorphic e pili ana i ka ʻano holoholona, a ua kau ʻia ka paukū 2 i kahi hoʻokaʻawale loa a me nā mea e pili ana i ka honua o ka holoholona i ke ola kanaka.

ʻO ka mea mua, pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia i waena o nā holoholona ʻaʻole he "homosexuality" (ka hoʻokipa ʻana i ka wahine hoʻokahi a me nā hana e pili ana iā ia), akā ʻo ka ʻano kāne like ʻole, ka mea maʻamau ʻaʻohe pili i ka hoʻokamakama a i ʻole ka moe kolohe. e like me ia. ʻO ka mea hana LGBT ʻo Simon LeVay, i ʻike ʻia no kāna noiʻi lolo, ua ʻae ʻo ia "Ma ka honua holoholona ʻaʻohe" homosexual orientation "ma ke ʻano o ke kanaka, a i hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā ʻāpana o ka hana homosexual ʻaʻole i alakaʻi i kā lākou hoʻololi ʻana i ka hana heterosexual" (LeVay, 1996).

Ua ʻike nā mea noiʻi o nā holoholona ʻano holoholona holoholona ʻoiai inā lākou hoʻohana maʻamau i nā huaʻōlelo i ʻae ʻia e wehewehe i ka ʻano holoholona like like o ka wahine, e like me "Pūnaewele", "Mea makemake no ka wahine haʻahaʻa" и "Ka hana hoʻokā ʻana", 'Aʻole like kēia mau huaʻolelo me nā hua'ōlelo i ho'ākāka' ia ai i kahi orientation o ke kanaka, he mea e paʻakikī loa nei (Roselli, 2009).

E like me ka ʻōlelo a ka poʻe linguist Bruce Beigmil i hana ʻia ma ka puke ʻo "Biological Abundance", i hoʻopuka ʻia e kahi hale paʻi i hoʻolaha ʻia i ka puke ʻatikala, me ka pornographic, "Ua hōʻike ʻia nā ʻano ka wahine like ʻole ma kahi o nā holoholona holoholona 450" (Bagemihl, 1999). ʻOiaiʻo ia, i ka nui o nā hihia, ka hoʻohālikelike ʻole o ka wahine i ke ʻano o nā holoholona i pili i nā mea pilikino o kā lākou ʻōpio. Inā mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i nā hōʻike ʻano moe like o ka kāne like (a i ʻole, bisexual) ka lawena, a laila ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēlā mau hihia.

Moʻolelo "Stonewall Inn Editions". ʻO ka puke a Badgemil ke kolu mai ka hema, ka lālani luna.

Pono e haʻi ʻia i ka kilokilo o "Nā holoholona holoholona homose 1500", Immortalized 'o kaomi a hāpai' ia e nā mea hanohano e like me BBC, Time, Telegraph, DW, etc.

A ua hāʻule pū i ka makasina Nature nā palapala kēia mea hoʻopunipuni.

I ka mea ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua kuhi ʻo ia ke kiʻi o "1500", e like me ka mea e manaʻo ai kekahi. ʻAʻole i hiki i ka zoologist Norwani Peter Beckmann ka mea i hōʻike mua i kēia helu, ʻaʻole hiki ke hāʻawi i kona kumu a ʻikeʻia kona hewa wale nō i ka makahiki 2018:

Ua ʻimi au i ka lua o ka pule, akā ʻaʻole hiki iaʻu ke loaʻa kahi papa inoa o nā hiʻohiʻona 1500. ʻAʻole hiki iaʻu ke hoʻoholo ʻē aʻe i kuhi hewa i ka wā i kākau ai i ka kikokikona mua o ka hōʻike, e like paha me ka hoʻohui ʻana i ʻelua papa inoa i nā papa like ʻole, a i ʻole ka helu ʻelua i ka papa inoa like ʻelua. No laila, ʻo ka ʻike maoli o ka ʻōlelo a "ʻae ʻia ka homosexuality i 1500 spesies" i hana ʻia ma 2002 ma ka wehe o ka hōʻike hōʻike.

Ua pili kēia i ka hōʻike hōʻike i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e ia ma 2006 ma Oslo, i hoʻolaʻa ʻia no ka ʻano like ʻole o nā holoholona, i kākoʻo ʻia e ka moku'āina, me ke ʻano o ke ʻano hoʻomanawanui e pili ana i ka male i ka male malex ma kahi o ke kulekele aupuni o Norewai. Ua hoʻomaopopo ʻo Beckman i "nā kumu politika o ka hōʻike," a ʻōlelo ʻia:

Nui loa wau i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia mau helu i nā ninaninau like ʻole, me ka helu ʻoluʻolu a hoʻomanaʻo ʻia, me ka hopena maikaʻi, e hōʻike ana ʻaʻole wale kēia i nā pōpoki maʻamau a me nā ʻīlio ʻē aʻe.

Ua hoʻomaopopo nā poʻe ʻepekema i kahi ʻano holoholona like like o ka wahine aole wale no ka hoihoi akā hoʻohana pinepine ia i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā pilikia kū kānāwai i ka poʻe. (Bailey & Zuk, 2009). ʻO kahi laʻana, ma ka hoʻāʻo Lawrence v. Texas, ua hōʻike ʻia nā laʻana mai kā Bruce Badgemeal puke e like me nā hōʻike, i hiki ai ke hoʻopau i nā kānāwai Sodoma ma Texas a me nā mokuʻāina ʻē aʻe.