Ngano yeungochani yemhuka chishandiso chenhema chezvematongerwo enyika!

The World of Science: Pedagogy uye Psychology magazini, inosanganisirwa muRondedzero yevezera reRussia-yakaongororwa magazini ezvesainzi, yakabvumidzwa neInternet Attestation Commission (HAC RF) uye chikamu cheRussia Science Citation Index dura, yakaburitsa chinyorwa chakatsikisa nhema dze ungochani mumhuka.

Chinyorwa chinonzi: Dambudziko reanthropomorphic kududzirwa kwemhuka maitiro mukati mehurukuro yekutaura nezve maitiro ehupombwe hwevanhu.

Chinyorwa Ongororo

Mune rhetoric yevanoita LGBT varatidziri, munhu anogona kazhinji kunzwa chirevo chekuti ungochani rudzi rwehunhu pamunhu, nekuti zvinonzi zvinowonekwa muchisikigo - pakati pemhuka. Ichi chirevo chakavakirwa pazvirevo zvinoteedzana zvinotevera:

1) ungochani hunoonekwa pakati pemhuka;
2) zvinoitwa nemhuka zvisikwa;
3) saka, ungochani hunongoitika kumurume.

Dambudziko remhedziso iyi nderekuti 1 inomiririra kutsiviwa kwepfungwa uye kusarudzika anthropomorphic kududzirwa kwemaitiro emhuka, uye ndima 2 yakavakirwa pakunyanyisa kusarudzika kwezviitiko zvepasirese mhuka kune hupenyu hwevanhu.

Chekutanga, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti pakati pemhuka hapana "ungochani" (kukwezva pabonde kune imwechete uye zviito zvinobva pazviri), asi hunhu hwengochani, iyo kazhinji haina chekuita nekukwezva pabonde kana kunyange kuita zvepabonde. sekudaro. Kunyangwe muratidziri weLGBT Simon LeVay, anozivikanwa nekutsvagisa kwake huropi, akabvuma izvozvo "Munyika yemhuka hamuna "chingochani" mupfungwa yemunhu, uye zviitiko zvakarekodhwa zvehungochani hazvimbotungamira pakutsiva kwavo kuita zvechingochani" (LeVay, 1996).

Vatsvagiri vezvemhuka vanoita zvepabonde vanocherekedza kuti kunyangwe vachishandisa zvinowanzo gamuchirwa mazwi ekutsanangudza humwe-hwepamhuka maitiro, sekudaro “Ngochani”, "Kufarira mumwe waunoita bonde naye" и "Zvepabonde", Aya magama haana kufanana zvachose nemazwi anoshandiswa kutsanangura maitiro emunhu, chiri chinhu chakaoma kunzwisisa (Roselli, 2009).

Sekureva kwaitaurwa nerurimi Bruce Beigmil, rakagadzirwa mubhuku rekuti "Biological Abundance", rakaburitswa neimwe imba inoshambadzira inorapa mabhuku eungochani, kusanganisira zvinonyadzisira, "Kufanana-pabonde maitiro akanyorwa mune anopfuura 450 mhuka" (Bagemihl, 1999). Muchokwadi, kazhinji, maitiro asiri epabonde emhuka zvichienderana nevanhu vezera ravo zvinotsanangurwa. Kana tikataura nezvekuratidzira kwekurara pamwe kwevanhukadzi (kana kuti kwete, bisexual) maitiro, ipapo nyaya dzakadaro dzinoparadzaniswa.

Mabhuku "Stonewall Inn Editions". Bhuku raBadgemil nderechitatu kubva kuruboshwe, mutsara wepamusoro.

Zvinofanira kutaurwa kuti ngano ye "1500 mhuka dzengochani", Risina basa mumapepanhau uye rakatorwa kunyange neanoremekedzwa enhau akadai seBBC, Nguva, Telegraph, DW, nezvimwe.

Uye kunyange magazini yeMagariro yakadonhedza kuna mabhuku uyu manyepo.

Muchokwadi, zvakaitika kuti nhamba "1500", sekufungidzira kwaungave ichiita, haina hwaro. Iyo yekuNorway yezologist Peter Beckmann, akatanga kutaura nhamba iyi, akatadza kupa kwaakabva uye akazivikanwa kukanganisa kwayo chete mugore re2018:

Ndanga ndichitsvaga vhiki yechipiri, asi handigoni kuwana rondedzero yakasarudzika yemuono we1500. Handikwanise kugumisa neimwe nzira kuti ndinofanira kunge ndakanganisa pakunyora zvinyorwa zvekutanga zvechiratidziro, pamwe nekubatanidza zvinyorwa zviviri zvakafanana kubva mumabhuku akasiyana, kana nekuverenga rondedzero yakafanana kaviri. Saka, izvo zvirimo mumashoko ekuti "ungochani hwakaonekwa mune 1500 mhando" akagadzirwa mu2002 pakuvhura kwechiratidziro kwakaitwa zvisirizvo.

Izvi zvinoreva kuratidzwa kwakarongedzerwa naye mu2006 muOslo, yakatsaurirwa kune-humhandara-maitiro emhuka, iyo yakatsigirwa nenyika, sekuumbwa kwemoyo unoshivirira kuenda kuchingochani chikamu chemutemo wenyika. Beckman akaziva izvo "zvematongerwe enyika zvechiratidziro" ndokuti:

Ndakanakidzwa nekushandisa nhamba idzi mukubvunzana kwakasiyana siyana, nekuti yaive iri nhamba inoshamisa, nyore kuyeuka, zvine mutsindo inokatyamadza, iyo inoratidza kuti izvi hazvisi zvekutambisa nezvekatsi uye imbwa dzinoshamisa.

Nyanzvi dzezvinhu zvipenyu dzinocherechedza kuti maitiro emhuka-dzakafanana nemhuka anomiririra kwete kufarira zvedzidzo chete asi inowanzo shandiswa mukugadzirisa nyaya dzepamutemo muvanhu. (Bailey & Zuk, 2009). Semuenzaniso, pakutongwa kwaLawrence v. Texas, mienzaniso kubva mubhuku raBruce Badgemeal yakapihwa seumboo, izvo zvakaita kuti zvikwanisike kudzora mitemo yevatambi muTexas nedzimwe nyika.