ʻIke ʻia ka wahine homosexuality ma ka moe wahine (maʻa mau pinepine sapphism, tribadism). Hiki mai ka huaʻōlelo mai ka inoa o ka mokupuni Heleni ʻo Lesbos, kahi i hānau ʻia ai kahi wahine Helene kahiko ʻo Sappho a noho, i loko o nā pauku e kau nei i ke aloha ma waena o nā wahine. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka male male male wahine, ʻike liʻiliʻi ka wahine i male. ʻO nā pilina like ʻole ma waena o nā wahine, ma ko lākou ʻano maoli, he hōʻemi loa a hoʻopili i nā pilikia, a no laila, ʻaʻohe kumu pono e alakaʻi i nā noiʻi noiʻi ma kēia wahi. Eia nō naʻe, mai nā mea liʻiliʻi i ʻike ʻia e pili ana i nā wahine i komo i ka pilina o nā kāne like ʻole, ʻo ke kiʻi ke kahilima. Loaʻa nā wahine ʻoi aku ka wahine a me ka wahine maʻi nā maʻi noʻonoʻo maʻi a hōʻike i kahi nui o nā pilikia e pili ana i ko lākou ola: nā pilina pili pokole, inu waiʻawa, ka paka a me nā lāʻau, ka hana ʻino a ka hoa a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka maʻi STD. ʻO nā lesbians kahiko, ʻoi aku ma mua o kā lākou mau hoa heterosexual, kumuhana ka hopena o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka momona a me ka umauma maʻi umauma, и oi aku pinepine pinepine hōʻike i ka hōʻike ʻana o ke kuʻuna, ke kuʻi, ka puʻuwai puʻuwai, ka hōʻeha ʻana, ka nui o nā maʻi o ka maʻi a me ke olakino maikaʻi ma ka laulā.

Kaupio
Lesbianism e D. Nicolosi
Lesbianism by A. Sigler-Smaltz
Lesbianism e E. Bergler
Lakeponahelu
ʻO HIV a me STD
ʻO nā maʻi noʻonoʻo a me nā hoʻohui
Ka hanaʻino
ʻO ke kanesa a me ka momona
Ke hiki ʻana o ka hoʻololi

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Kaupio

Pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ma waena o ka hana moekolohe a me ka hoʻokalakupua, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hele pū kekahi me kekahi. Manaʻo male kāne hoʻoweliweli hōʻailona mau o ka palaka noʻonoʻo, ʻoiai he palaka ke kūlana ʻaʻole pono pū me ka hoʻokipa homosexual a, no laila, ʻaʻole ʻae i ka hopena e pili ana i ke alo o psychopathology i ka mea hana. ʻO nā kumu e alakaʻi nei i kahi kanaka olakino noʻonoʻo e hana i ka moekolohe me kā lākou kāne. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻaʻahu hoololi inā hiki ʻole ka hoa komo o ka ʻiʻo ʻē aʻe, e hana ʻia me ka pākuhi, nā manaʻo pilikinokuko hewa a me moekoloheakā ma ka manawa like i haʻalele ʻia i kekahi mau manaʻo pilikino a me nā manaʻo. ʻO kekahi mau kaikamahine'ōpiopio, ma lalo o ka mana o ka pāpā, ke hoʻoholo nei i kēia manawa he lesbians lākou no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou i ʻike i ka pilina pili kino i nā kāne a ʻoluʻolu a me ka ʻoluʻolu i ka hana ʻana i nā wahine. ʻO kēia kānalua wikiwiki loa a hoʻoweliweli hewahewa ʻo ia iho, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka wahine heterosexual nui i hilinaʻi, ka manaʻo a me ka ʻike me kāna mau hoaaloha ma mua o nā kāne. Eia kekahi, ua lilo ia i mea i waena o ka poʻe'ōpiopio e hoʻolaha i kā lākou "bisexuality", a ke hoʻokūkū nei kekahi mau kaikamahine i kā lākou ʻano wahine ma muli o nā ʻano moʻomeheu. ʻAʻole hoihoi kēia mau hanana i kēia ʻatikala: e kālele ʻo ia i ka pelekane, hōʻailona ʻia e ka hoʻomau a me ka paʻakikī ʻana e lanakila ai, a i kekahi manawa neʻe ʻia hoʻi i ke aloha o kekahi. ʻO ka hele ʻana o kēlā mau hiʻohiʻona i kahi kanaka e hōʻike ana i loko o ke kaʻina o kona hanana psychosexual kahi hanana i hoʻopau ʻia i kona papa maʻamau a pale i ka hoʻokō ʻana o ka hōʻike hope loa - heterosexuality. I keia ala libidinized ʻo kahi manaʻo homose wahine he hōʻailona o ka naʻau a me ka neurosis.

E hana mākou i kahi lōkuhi liʻiliʻi e hoʻomaopopo maikaʻi i ka mea e kuhi ana i ka neurosis mai ka hiʻohiʻona o ka noʻonoʻo hohonu. Edmund Bergler i kāna hana "ʻO ke neurosis kumu" ka wehewehe ʻana i ka neurosis ma "he anachronistic (i.e., ʻaʻohe pili i kēia wā) maʻi maʻi ʻikeʻole", E pili ana i ka hakakā me nā makemake infantile, makaʻu, hala ʻole a me ka hana palekana nā palekana... I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i kahi maʻi noʻonoʻo akahai, ʻike ʻia i loko o nā ʻano maladaptive a me nā hana hoʻopōʻino iho, akā me ka nalo ʻole ʻana o ka hoʻopā ʻana me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo (ʻoiai ka ʻike e hiki ke hoʻohuli hewa ʻia) Hōʻike ka ʻike maʻi i ka holomua o ka neurosis i loko o nā makahiki.

ʻO ke kumu o ka neurosis kūwaho a i ʻole nā ​​kūloko kūloko e kumu ai i ka trauma psychological, a laila ua hoʻokau ʻia aku i waho i ka unconscious. I ke ʻano o ka hoʻokalakupua kāne like, hiki i kēia ke molestation, noʻonoʻo a hōʻole maoli paha e nā hoa a i ʻole nā ​​mākua, hiki ʻole ke hoʻokumu i nā pilina pili loa me nā lālā o ka wahine like. ʻAʻole ʻike ka mea hoʻomanawanui i ke kumu o ka hakakā kūloko, a ʻo kahi pale ʻike ʻole wale ʻia e kūʻē i ka pilikia repressed e ʻike ʻia ma ka ʻili. Nānā mau ka neurotic no kahi kanaka a i ʻole nā ​​hanana i ʻae i ka ʻike hou ʻana o kāna kumu neurotic. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kahi kāne e hāpai ana i kahi record gramophone me ia ma nā wahi āpau a ke ʻimi mau nei i kahi papa huli i hiki iā ia ke hoʻokani i kāna mele wale nō - kāna hana neurotic unconscious.

Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ma ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana o nā mea a pau aia ka poʻe i ka hana neurotic, akā ʻaʻole i hoʻonui ʻia lākou a hiki i kahi ākea ke hele mai kekahi neurosis. ʻO kēia kahi pilikia i ka nui, ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka maikaʻi (ʻoiai, e like me ka helu ʻana ʻo Hegel, hiki mai ka manawa ke lilo ka nui i loko o ka maikaʻi). ʻO ka hopena hoʻoholo ma waena o kahi maʻamau a me kahi kanaka neurotic ka mea i lanakila ka mea i hala i kona wā kamaliʻi i kona ʻoi aku ka nui a loaʻa iā ia ʻoi aku ka nānā pono ʻana o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻoiai ke hoʻomāinoino nei ka mea hope i ka naʻaupō o ka hakakā ʻana o kona mau ʻōpiopio.

Lesbianism e D. Nicolosi

ʻOiai ka mea hoʻokumu o ka National Association no ke Study of Homosexuality e wehewehe, ʻo Dr. Joseph Nicolosi, ʻo ka hakakā nui ma lalo o ka wahine wahine ka hōʻole ʻole ʻana o ke kaikamahine i kāna wahine. ʻO ka manawa pinepine, hoʻokumu ʻia kēia hōʻole ʻana ma luna o ka trauma trauma, ka mea e pale ai i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o kahi pilina me ka makuahine i loko o kahi manawa koʻikoʻi no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻike wahine. ʻOiai inā ʻaʻole hōʻike ke kaikamahine i ke ʻano kāne, ʻoi aku, e loaʻa nō nā ʻōuli o ka hakakā kāne kāne. I nā hihia ʻē aʻe, hoʻoholo nā kaikamahine i huli i ka lesbiana wahine ʻole i ke ʻano wahine he mea makemake ʻole a palekana ʻole paha. Hōʻike kekahi mau makuahine me ka ʻike ʻole i kā lākou mau kaikamahine me kahi kiʻi maikaʻi ʻole o ka wahine, ke hōʻike nei i kahi mea nāwaliwali a maikaʻi ʻole paha no ka ʻike ʻana. Ma ka hōʻole ʻana i nā makuwahine ma ke ʻano he mea ʻike ʻia, hōʻole nā ​​kaikamahine i ka wahine a ko lākou mau makuahine i hoʻokahua ai. ʻO kahi laʻana, ke nānā ʻana i kahi makuahine hoʻolohe haʻahaʻa, e hoʻomanawanui mau nei i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa a me ka hana ʻino mai kahi kāne, hoʻoholo haʻahaʻa ke kaikamahine: "inā he wahine kēia, ʻaʻole wau makemake e hoʻokahi." I kekahi manawa hoʻonāukiuki ʻia kahi ʻano like e ka hoʻomāinoino ʻia e ke kāne i ka wā ʻōpio. Mai ka manaʻo o ke kaikamahine, hoʻonāukiuki kāna wahine i ka hana moekolohe a, no laila, i mea e pale ai iā ia iho, manaʻo ke kaikamahine he pono e haʻalele i ka "problematic" wahine ʻāpana. ʻO nā wahine i hoʻomāinoino ʻia i ka wahine a i hōʻino ʻia paha i ka wā kamaliʻi a me ka ʻōpio hiki ʻole ke hilinaʻi i nā kāne. No laila, hiki iā lākou ke huli i nā wahine no ka hōʻoluʻolu i ka pono no ke aloha a me nā makemake moekolohe.

ʻO ka pinepine, ʻo ia mau wahine kūpono i ke ʻano kāne a me nā hiʻohiʻona. ʻO kēia kahi ʻano ola ola psychological, like ia me ka ʻōlelo: “Inā e huhū mai kekahi iaʻu, e lilo wau e like me ia - i ʻole wau e ʻeha. ʻO wau pū kekahi me ka poʻe e noho aliʻi ana. " Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā kaikamahine he nui me ka maʻi kāne me ka ikaika, ka huhū, a me nā moemoeā kahi a lākou e pale aku ai. I ke ʻano makua, hana paha kēlā mau wahine i ka sadomasochism, ka noho aliʻi ʻana, a i ʻole ke kumuhana "ʻili". Hoʻokuʻu kēia mau hana i ka hakakā subconscious attraction-repulsion i nā mea kāne. ʻO ke kaikamahine i hiki ʻole ke ʻike me kona makuahine ke kāohi i ka huhū iā ia, no ka mea, ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, makemake ʻo ia iā ia, a ma kekahi ʻeha, ua ʻeha ʻo ia iā ia.

ʻO kekahi mau lesbians ʻaʻole iʻike nui loa i ka hiki ʻole i ke kaʻina hana, akā, mai kahi hemahema no ka mālama ʻana i ka lāʻau. Pono kēlā mau wahine kuʻuna ʻole e hoʻihoʻi i kahi pilina palaki me ko lākou makuahine, ka personification a lākou i loaʻa ai ma kahi wahine ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka nānā ʻana o ka pilina kāne like wahine ʻoi loa a ʻoi hoʻi kahi wahine a “hoʻopiha” a pili pū me ka ʻāpana o ia mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo ia e haʻalele - i kona ʻano. Hāʻawi ʻo ia i kāna hōʻaiʻē mai kekahi wahine, akā ʻo ke ʻano like ʻole o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka pilikia ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopakele i ka ʻuhane. ʻO ka hui pū me ka wahine ʻē wale nō e hāʻawi ai i ka ilihune o ka kūpaʻa, pono e kākoʻo mau ʻia e nā mākau paʻakikī o ka hoʻopunipuni ponoʻī a me ka hūnā i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo.

Lesbianism by A. Sigler-Smaltz

ʻO Therapist ʻo Andria Sigler-Smaltz, he wahine aloha, i male i kēia manawa. wehewehe ke ʻano o nā pilina male.

Makemake ʻo Lesbian i ka poʻe o kāna kāne ponoʻī e hoʻokūkū i kāna mau moemoeā ʻole ʻole a makaʻu i ka launa pū ʻana me ka wahine ʻē. I ka lesbianism, he wahine “paʻa” i ka ulu ʻana a no laila ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hele i ka heterosexuality olakino. Ke kū pono a pehea e kūpaʻa ʻia ai ka hōʻino ʻana i ka ulu kino, hoʻoholo i ka nui o kona mau pilikia me ka ʻike wahine.

ʻO ka mana o ka moeʻelima ka moe kāne ʻo ia ka nele o ka pilina o ka manaʻo a me ka hopohopo ma ka ʻāpana o ko lākou male, kahi, ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻaʻole i ʻano like me ka male kāne. ʻO ka mea kūʻai hoʻokahi, me ka maopopo e hoʻoliʻoli kāna mau lime wahine i kona pono no ke aloha mau, ua wehewehe iaʻu.

"Ke hālāwai nei au i kahi wahine aʻu e mahalo nui ai, ʻōlelo mai kekahi mea i loko oʻu: "E lilo ʻoe i koʻu makuahine?" He manaʻo ikaika ʻole kēia a hiki ʻole iaʻu ke hana i kahi mea. ʻIke koke wau i kahi liʻiliʻi. "Makemake au iā ia e ʻike iaʻu, makemake wau i mea kūikawā nona, a hopu kēia makemake i koʻu manaʻo."

Loaʻa kekahi mau lesbi i nā manaʻo maikaʻi ʻole a me nā hakakā kūloko me nā kāne, ka mea i hāʻawi i ko lākou hiki ʻole ke ʻae i ka heterosexuality. Pēlā nō, ʻike paʻa kekahi o lākou me ka wahine radical, kahi i ʻike ʻia ai nā wahine he makana a makemake ʻia, ʻoiai he mau kāne ke ʻano haʻahaʻa, moeʻuhane a ʻano mea ʻole kekahi. ʻAʻole ia he mea maʻamau ʻole nā ​​wahine i komo i ke ola wahine no ka lōʻihi o ka wahine i hoʻomaka i ka ulu ʻana i kahi mea inaina nui no ka pilina heterosexual.

ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o nā kāne a me nā wahine, ʻo ka moe a me ka huki wahine, ʻaʻole pono nā kumu koʻikoʻi o ka pilina kāne. No nā wahine hene wahine, ʻoi aku ka "manaʻo hoʻonaninani" i kahi kūlana koʻikoʻi ma mua o ka mea hoihoi. ʻO nā kihi kahi e hoʻohālikelike ai ka moekolohe me kahi mea e hōʻailona ai ka hoʻohālikelikeʻana i ka naʻau.

Hōʻike pinepine ka Lesbians i ka manaʻo "ʻAʻole hiki iaʻu ke noho me ʻoe" e pili ana i kekahi. I ka nānā mua, aia kahi kūpono e pili i ka hoʻopili ikaika ʻana i kēia mau pilina, akā ʻo ka helehelena kokoke loa e hōʻike i kahi ʻano e hōʻike ana i kahi hālaha pumehana i piha i ka hopohopo a me ke kaumaha. Hōʻike nā hanana koʻikoʻi i nā kumumanaʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻokumu ʻike. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻike mākou i ka makaʻu no ka haʻalele a a i ʻole ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana, ka hakakā ʻana no ka mālama a a i ʻole mana (a i ʻole ke koʻikoʻi), a me ka makemake e hoʻohui pū me kekahi kanaka ʻē aʻe i loaʻa ai ke ʻano o ka palekana a me ka manaʻo.

Maʻa ka pilina ma waena o nā wahine e ʻoi aku ka makemake o ka male ʻana ma mua o ka hoʻopili ʻana, a ʻaʻole ia he mea maʻamau no ka hui kāne male wahine i hoʻoemi haʻahaʻa ʻana i ka pilina me nā ʻohana a i ʻole nā ​​hoaaloha kahiko. Hāʻawi kēia haunaele i ka mana o ka hoa, a pale aku i kona autonomy, a mālama ʻia ka pale ʻana i ka hoʻoweliweli ʻana i ko lākou ʻaeʻaha pale.

ʻOiai ka ʻoi loa o ka pilina aloha a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o nā kāne ma mua o nā kāne, ua piha mau lākou i ke kaomi ʻōpio a paʻa i ka "paʻi" o ka lili *, ma luna o ka hopohopo a me nā hana like ʻole. Ma kēia mau hiʻohiʻona e piʻi nui loa nā manaʻo o ka naʻau, a ua hoʻokauwaha nui nā hakakā. Heʻoi aku ka manawa o ka hoʻolimalima ʻana i ka manawa like, kāhea kelepona pinepine ʻana, ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā kāleka a i ʻole nā ​​makana, wikiwiki i ka neʻe ʻana ma lalo o ka hale hoʻokahi a me ka hoʻohui pū ʻana i nā kālā - ʻo ia kekahi o nā ala e pale aku ai i ka autonomy. I kēlā mau pilina, ʻike mākou i ka hoʻopunipuni o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ke olakino - ka hilinaʻi ʻana i ka naʻau a me ka palaki nui loa.

* ʻO ke ʻano lili lili no ka lesbians i hoʻomaopopo ʻia i ka hana Kraft-Ebbing klasik o 1886 o kēia makahiki "Noʻonoʻo noʻonoʻo": “Ke ulu nui kēia ʻaina aloha ʻole i loko o nā hale paʻahao wahine a ua ukali pū ʻia e nā lili a me ka makemake nui ʻole. Aia ke ʻike ʻana i ka mea pio ua honi hou aʻe kāna aloha, ua kiʻi hou ʻia kahi kiʻi o ka minamina nui i ka hakakā. " keia hōʻoia a me ka luna o ka hale paʻahao o nā wahine o kēia manawa. “No ka poʻe kāne like ʻole e pono ai ka maka a me ka maka, no ka mea, he weliweli nā hewa ma waena o lākou: ʻaʻole ʻoe i nānā, ʻaʻole ʻoe i ʻakaʻaka, a pau wale - nā hakakā a me nā hakakā. Ua ʻae pū kekahi lākou i kahi ʻano ka ʻike o ka poʻe a pau - me nā ʻāwili nui a me ke kaʻana ʻana i kā lākou waiwai maʻalahi. "  A wahi a kekahi 'ōlelo e pili ana i ka hale paʻahao: "ʻO ka hoʻohālike hau, a me ke kahe koko, i kekahi manawa ma ka hapanui, e hele pololei ana i nā kolone wahine o ka wahi ma hope o Soviet, a ma muli o ka lili o ka coble (lesbi lespians ikaika)." 

Lesbianism e E. Bergler

ʻO ka ʻano o ke kāne ka wahine i like me ke kāne: he masochistic hiki ʻole ke kūlike me ka makuahine o ka wā kamaliʻi. I ka hana waha o ka hoʻomohala (ʻo ka 1,5 mau makahiki mua o ke ola), kahi lesbian wahine hou e hele ana ma kahi hanana o nā pilikia i hoʻohuli ʻia me ka makuahine, e hōʻole ana i ka holomua o kēia maʻa. ʻO ka manaʻo maoli o ka hakakā lesbiola maʻi ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻākāka ʻole ai i kahi papa pākēneka ʻole ʻekolu: ʻo ka masochistic "hōʻuluʻulu i nā hewa" e uhi ʻia ana e ka pseudo-inaina, kahi i uhi ʻia e ka aloha pseudo no ka mea hoʻohanohano o ke kiʻi infantile o ka makuahine (hiki i ka neurotics ke hiki wale i nā ʻōpū ersatz a me ke ʻano pseudo-lohi).

ʻO lesbian ka neurotic me ka triad o ka hilahila ʻole ʻole, e alakaʻi ana i kahi mea tragicomic wale nō quiroquo, kahi ʻōlelo hoʻomākeʻaka ma luna o kahi mea nānā naif. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻo ka male wahine, ʻo ka paradoxically, ʻaʻole ia he erotic, akā hoikaika Hoʻopaʻapaʻa: ʻO ke kumu alaina noʻonoʻo ka hopena a me ka hopena ke kūleʻa a hoʻi i ka boomerang ma muli o ka hala, a he lua wale nō libidinized. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka lua, ma lalo o ke ʻano o kahi pilina o ka "kāne a me ka wahine", i hoʻopili ʻia e ka neurotically i waena o nā pilina keiki a me ka makuahine. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ke kolu, hāʻawi ka lesbiism i kahi manaʻo o kahi mea kūlohelohe; ka makapo ke nānā ʻana i hoʻopō ʻia e ko lākou leʻaleʻa ʻike, aʻo ia ma lalo o kahi ʻano maʻi neurosis lapaʻau.

ʻO ka honua o waho, ma kona naʻaupō, ke manaʻo nei i nā wahine wiwo ʻole wahine. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole he mau kāne ʻoi aku ka wahine. Ma ke ʻano, ʻo kahi wahine ʻaneʻane kūkākūkā e hōʻike aku ana i nā kāne i ka lole, ke ʻano a me nā pilina wale nō e hōʻike i ka camouflage e hūnā nei i kāna hakakā maoli. ʻAʻole hiki i ka mea ʻike hilahila ke wehewehe i ka moe wahine "passive" a i ʻole ka hana maoli ʻana i ka moe wahine, e hōʻike ana i ke kuhikuhi infantile, e pili pono ana i ka cunnilingus a me ka umauma waiū, a me ka masturbation e dildos e kālele ana a puni ka clitoris, kahi i ʻike ʻole ʻia me ka nipple.

Ua hōʻike koʻu mau makahiki 30 o koʻu mau ʻoihana ma ka maʻi he ʻelima mau pae. 
1) masochistic aloha no ka makuahine; 
2) veto o ka noʻonoʻo o ka naʻau e pāpā ana i ka "leʻaleʻa mai ka huhū"; 
3) ʻo ka pale mua he pseudo-inaina; 
4) ka hana mau me ka puʻuwai o ka manaʻo i loko o ka pale ʻana i kekahi mau manaʻo i ka makuahine;
5) ʻO ka pale lua he pseudo-aloha.

No laila, ʻaʻole ʻo ka wahine moe aloha i ke aloha he wahine no ka wahine, akā, ke aloha pseudo a ka wahine masochistic nāna i hana i kahi alibi kūloko ʻaʻole ia i maopopo. 
ʻO kēia hana pale i ka moe wahine i wehewehe i ka: 
a. No ke aha e hōʻike ʻia ai nā lesbi e ke ʻano nui me ka lili nui a me ka lili. ʻO ka mea kū i loko, ʻo kēia ʻano lili he ʻoi aku ma mua o kahi kumu no ka masochistic "hōʻiliʻili i nā pono". 
na B. No ke aha ka huhū huhū, i kekahi manawa i hōʻike ʻia i ka hoʻouka kino kino, i hūnā ʻia a hūnā ʻia i nā pilina male like ʻole. ʻO ka papana pseudo-aloha (pae ʻima) he pale wale nō ka uhi pseudo-lohi. 
c hoowela. No ke aha ka hana o nā lesbians i camouflage oedipal (aloha o ka kāne a me ka wahine) - ke kāhea nei i ka pilina masochistic a ka makuahine a me ka keiki, a hoʻowalewale i nā hakakā ma mua o ka nui, a kaumaha loa i ka hewa.
Makahiki No ke aha he mea kūpono ʻole ke manaʻolana i ka pilina kanaka i loko o ka pā o ka moe wahine. Pono ka wahine hōkeo i ka leʻaleʻa ʻana o ka leʻaleʻa maʻamau, no laila ʻaʻole hiki ia ia ke ʻike i ka hauʻoli.

Hoʻākāka pū ka papa inoa lescative narcissistic no ke kumu e kū ʻole ai ka hakakā o ka pēpē me ka makuahine. Ma lalo o ka hoʻomohala maʻamau, ua hoʻonā ʻia ka hakakā me ka makuahine e ka kaikamahine ma o ka wā i hele a: ʻo ka "inaina" kahiko a noho pū me ka makuahine, ua hoʻohuli ʻia ke ʻano o ke "aloha" i ka makuakāne, a ma kahi o ke "keiki-makuahine" (ka hoʻokō mua) kū i kahi kūlana oedipal triangular "keiki-makuahine-makua". Hoʻāʻo ka wahine wahine e hiki mai ana e hana like, a hoʻolei hou ʻia i ka hakakā mua. ʻO ka "solution" oedipal (ʻo ia kahi mahele kuapo a ke keiki e haʻalele ai i ke kaʻina o kona ulu maʻamau) ʻo ia ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā lesbians i ke kāne-wahine (makuakāne-makuahine) e like me ka uhi pale.

Pono e hoʻokaʻawale i waena o nā ʻano ʻelua o ka ʻike ʻole: "alakaʻi" (alakaʻi) a "alakaʻi" (hoʻopunipuni). ʻO ka mea mua e hōʻike i nā makemake paʻa i ke kanaka, i hea ʻia i ka hopena o ka hakakā ʻana o ke kuʻi hānai, a ʻo ka lua e pili ana i ka ʻike ʻana me nā poʻe e koho ʻia e hōʻole ʻia a hōʻole i nā papa o ka manaʻo naʻau i loko o kēia mau makemake neurotic. ʻO ka "alakaʻi" hōʻike hōʻike i kahi ʻano ikaika o nā wahine moe kolohe e pili ana nuku mua makuahine a "alakaʻi" a i ka makuakāne oedipal. Ma ke ʻano passive, hōʻike "alakaʻi" hōʻike i ke keiki, a "alakaʻi" i oedipal makuahine.

ʻO nā mea a pau i luna, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua ʻāpono ʻia e nā hōʻike lapaʻau, i wehewehe ʻia ma ka kikoʻī o nā puke a E. Bergler.

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Lakeponahelu

Nā nā hōʻike hou ʻAmelika pinepine ʻia ka American Medical Association (AMA) ma mua o nā wahine heterosexual i hōʻike i ka hopohopo noʻonoʻo, ka maikaʻi o ka olakino, nā pilikia kūlohelohe nui, nā kumu inu waiʻona, a me ka ulaula kaumaha. Nā kumuwaiwai ʻē aʻe hoʻohui i kēia papa inoa hoʻonui mahuahua humuhumu, umauma, hopohopo, cardiovascular maʻi, gynecological cancer, obesity, intravenous drug drug, a me nā pilikia āpau o ka moe ʻole ʻia o ka moe me nā kāne he nui.

ʻO HIV a me STD

He nui o nā haʻawina ^{[1, 2, 3]}, hoʻokumu i ka pilina ma waena o ka hoʻonaninani kāne i nā kāne a me ka pau ʻole o ka makua kāne i ka wā kamaliʻi, a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea i nā kaikamahine ma mua o nā keikikāne. ^{[1, 2]}. ^ E Ha yM. Ua hōʻike ʻia kahi wehewehe hoʻokahi no ka ʻike ʻana (a i ʻole ka makua paha o ka makua i loko o ka hale e ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻomau o ka hoʻomau ʻana a e hilinaʻi hoʻi ka pilina me nā kāne. Wahi a kekahi wehewehe, hiki i nā kaikamāhine i pakele i ka hemo ʻana o ko lākou mau mākua i ka wā kamaliʻi.

Ua hōʻike ʻia nā noiʻi e hoʻokau maikaʻi maikaʻi ana i ka hoʻokau wahine me ka male. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā wahine moekolohe ʻoihana a me ka wahine. Wahi a hou noiʻiʻO nā wahine me nā hōʻulu wahine he nui aku a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne like ʻole o ka wahine ʻē.

Wahi a ʻikepili ʻO nā kikowaena U.S. no ka maʻi ʻeha o ka maʻi maʻi (CDC) ma mua o 97% o ka poʻe lesbi i moe kāne me nā kāne (28% i ka makahiki i hala), me 86% e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā vaginal a me 48% anal intercourse. Kau ua hoʻokumu ʻiahe mau wahine i ke kāne me nā wahine ʻē aʻe (WSW) i ʻoi aku ka wahine ma mua o nā wahine heterosexual i hele aku i ka anal a waha paha i ka hoa o ka wahine ʻē aʻe, a me ka hopena he mau manaʻo ma mua o 50 hoa kāne. kiekie e 350%. ʻO nā hui hou aʻe, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hopena o ka maʻi. Ka hapanui, WSW 'oi aʻe i'āpono i ka hana pilikino me nā kāne ʻoi aku ka male (ka mea ma muli o ka manaʻo ke manaʻo lākou i nā poʻe "like-like") ʻoi loa aku hoʻonui i ko lākou pilikia he maʻi no ka maʻi HIV, hepatitis C a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka stDs o MSM (nā kāne i moe kāne me nā kāne).

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā wahine heterosexual 32%, 44% WSW i hōʻikeʻia E pili ana i ka hōʻike mua ʻana o kekahi o nā STD. ʻO nā STD maʻamau i hoʻouna pinepine ʻia ma waena o nā wahine komo bacterial vaginosis, chlamydia, genital herpes a me nā papillomavirus kanaka, ʻo ia hoʻi pathogen ʻōpū ma ke kanulau.

I nā kaukani i hala aku nei, ʻo ke kaiāulu wahine lilo i wahine hou aʻe. Ua hoʻonui nui ʻia nā makasina erotic, nā hale kūʻai mea pāʻani moe kolohe, a me nā hui kiʻiʻoniʻoni porn i kuhikuhi ʻia a hoʻokele ʻia e nā lebians. Hoʻolaha nā hui lesbian i nā pō "I Love Pussy" a haʻaheo i ka "hana" ma nā hale lumi lumi. Aia nā hui BDSM Lesbian ma ka hapa nui o nā kūlanakauhale nui ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, a ua maʻamau ka polyamory. Ua hoʻomaka koke kekahi mau lebians e hoʻohālike i nā hana moe kolohe o MSM, e like me ka fisting, rimming (35%), urolagnia a anal inject of mau mea (25%) E pili pū ana kēia ʻano me kahi pilikia olakino koʻikoʻi.

ʻO nā maʻi noʻonoʻo a me nā hoʻohui

Nui nā kumu ^{[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]} hoʻomaopopo ua hōʻike ʻo CSF ​​i nā manawa 2-3 pinepine pinepine e pili ana i ke kaumaha, hopohopo a me nā manaʻo suicidal. ʻO ke ʻano o kēlā mau wāhine i ʻike ʻia he "bisexual" akā maikaʻi loa ia. Eia kekahi, ma waena o WSW aia kahi manaʻo e hoʻopiʻi a pale i ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kōkua lapaʻau. ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi loa ʻo kekahi mau wahine, i hōʻike mua ʻia he lesbians, a laila hoʻololi i ko lākou inoa i ka "transgender", kahi e hoʻonāukiuki ai lākou i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka male kāne, ʻae huna i nā mea e pili ana a me ka hoʻomau ʻē aʻe.

Wahi a ʻikepili ʻO ka American Psychiatric Association, WSW ʻo 3 mau manawa e loaʻa hou ana i ka ʻeha ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau ʻeha a ʻoi aku ka hōʻino ʻana i ka waiʻona a me nā mea paʻakikī. E like me ka wā ma mua, ua hoʻomau ʻia kēia mau helu kaumaha e nā "bisexual" wahine. ʻO ka US Health of Health (HHS) Ke ola o ka wahine  hōʻoia:

"ʻO ka ona a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka lāʻau e ʻike pinepine ʻia i waena o nā wahine (ʻo ia hoʻi nā wahine ʻōpio) ma mua o nā wahine heterosexual ... ʻOi aku ka nui o nā wahine Bisexual ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe i injected i nā lāʻau a aia i kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka hopena o nā maʻi lele."

Huli ua hōʻike i ka mokuana o Kaleponi e hoʻonui nui ʻia ka hōʻemi o ka waiʻona ma CSW e nā manawa 4, ka lāʻau lapaʻau - e ka manawa 3,5, a me nā pilikia ʻē aʻe i pili pū me ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā mea psychoactive - e nā manawa 3,4.

Ka hanaʻino

Hoʻoikaika nui ua hōʻike ʻo i ka wahine Lesbi a me nā wahine bisexual i ke wā kamaliʻi ua loaʻa i kahi hemahema "ʻO ka ʻōlaʻi a me ka hoʻomau. ^ E Ha yM. No nā loea he nui, ʻaʻole i pau ka hana ʻino i ka wā kamaliʻi a ke hoʻomau nei kēia i ka ʻaoʻao o ka hoa. Nā kāne male oi aku pinepine pinepinema mua o nā kāne male i mau mea i hoʻomaka a hoʻomaka mua o ka hoʻomālamalama.

Ua ʻike ʻia kahi haʻawina APA aia ka 47,5% o ka poʻe lesbi i loaʻa i ka hōʻino kino kino mai ka hoa hana. Nā ʻikepili like hoopuka CDC - ua hōʻino kino ʻia ʻo 40,4% e nā hoa; i 29,4%, nui ka hana ʻino: a me ka hoʻomā, a he mea hōʻeha paha i kahi mea paʻakikī.

Ka Nūpepa o ʻĀina noiʻi ʻohana i hōʻikeʻiaua loaʻa ka 70,2% poʻe lesbi i ka hōʻeha noʻonoʻo ma nā makahiki i hala. ʻO kekahi haʻawina hōʻike ʻiakēlā 69% o nā wahine i pili i ka pilina like ʻole e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻoulu ʻia ʻana ma ka hopena, a me 77,5% o ka kaohi ʻana i ka hana ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka hoa. Ma ka ʻikepili ʻO kahi loiloi CDC i kēia manawa, i ka awelika 63,5% o nā lesbians i loaʻa i kahi hōʻeha kūlohelohe mai ka hoa hana, ʻike pinepine ʻia i ka noho kaʻawale mai ka ʻohana a me nā hoaaloha, hoʻohaʻahaʻa, hōʻino a me nā mea hōʻoia ʻole i nele i kekahi.

Lie a me nā hoa hana hoʻolauleʻaʻo ka nui o ka hoʻoweliweli ʻana i ka pili moe wahine. I kā lākou hoʻohālike, ua hōʻike ʻo 23,1% o ka lesbians i ka moekolohe i ko lākou hoa i kēia manawa, a me 9,4% mai kā lākou hoa mua. Eia kekahi, hōʻike ʻo 55.1% i ka uaki a me ka puʻuwai. Ma kekahi noiʻi ua ʻike ʻia ia e hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 17,8% o nā wahine heterosexual, 30,6% o ka wahine hoʻokamakani pili i ko lākou makemake, a e like me ka Waldner-Haugrud (1997⁽¹⁾) Ua loaʻa ka 50% o ka lesbians i ka hōʻeha ikaika ʻana e ko lākou hoa.

В 'ōlelo ʻO 1994 o ka makahiki i ka nūpepa "Journal of Interpersonal Violence" i ʻōlelo i nā pilikia o ka hakakā a me ka hoʻopaʻi ʻana i nā paʻahana wahine. Ua ʻike nā mea noiʻi ua hōʻike ʻia ka 31% o nā mea pane i loaʻa i kahi liʻiliʻi i hoʻokahi manawa o ka hōʻino kino e kekahi hoa. Wahi a Kanikani (2000), 54% o nā wahine pelekane ua hōʻike lākou i loaʻa iā 10 a me nā manawa hou o ka hoʻoulu kino e nā hoa, 74% hōʻike ʻia 6 - nā helu 10.

Wahi a kahi haʻawina e ke aupuni o Kanada:

"... ua hana ʻelua ka hana kolohe a ka wahine ma waena o nā kāne male a me ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā kāne heterosexual: 15% a me 7%,"Ke ana nei i ka hana ʻino i nā wahine: Heluhelu ʻo 2006, p.39).

Ua hōʻike ʻia ka National Violence against Women Survey survey "ʻo ka wahine like me ka wahine ma ke ʻano he kīwī nui aʻe ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hana ʻino ma mua o nā kāne like ʻole. Ua hōʻike ka 39% o nā mea pane i ka hōʻino kino a me ka noʻonoʻo e kahi hoa hoʻohālikelike i ka 21,7% o nā poʻe pane mai nā cohabitations heterosexual (CDN 2000) He hōʻailona nui aʻe uku kiʻekiʻe ʻO ka hana ʻino ma waena o WSW ua kōkua maoli i kā lākou noʻonoʻo kaumaha.

ʻO ke kanesa a me ka momona

ʻO nā wahine i loaʻa ʻole i ka hānau ʻana aia ka nui o ka maʻi o ka maʻi kanesa. ʻOihana mana ola wahine (HHS) Nā memopale kēlā mau homone i ka wā hāpai a pale i ka pale ʻana i nā wahine mai ka maʻi kanesa o ka umauma, ka maʻi ʻaʻai uterine a me ka maʻi ʻaʻai ovarian Hōʻike ʻia ʻo WSW i kēia mau ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai i kahi nui loa, ʻoiai ʻaʻole lākou e hāpai, a inā pēlā, a laila nā manawa kūpono o ia mea hoowai ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe. Huli ua hōʻike nāʻike ka huhū me nā maʻi umauma o ka a nā pilikia noʻonoʻo. ^ E Ha yM. Polycystic ovary syndrome, he hopena pilikia no ka maʻi ʻōpū o ka uterine, oi aku pinepine pinepine ua loaʻa ma waena o WSW.

Nui nā haʻawina ^{[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]} i hōʻike ʻia no nā wahine palupalu a me ke wahine pelekane heʻano maikaʻi nui ʻoi aku ka pae kiʻekiʻe obesity (3 / 4 vs 1 / 2), kahi hoʻonui he pilikia lākou maʻi cardiovascular, kekahi mau maʻi o ka maʻi maʻi, a me ka make mua. Ke ulu nei ka nui o nā hōʻike ʻepekema hōʻike ka hui pū ʻana o nā maʻi cardiovascular me ka hoʻonui nui ʻana o kekahi mau ʻano o ka dementia, me ka maʻi ʻo Alzheimer a me ka makee vascular.  Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻano kūlana ʻē aʻe o ka mare ʻana, he mau pūʻulu wahine a wahine pū kekahi manawa make ʻiʻo kiʻekiʻe, i nā makahiki i hala aku nei e ulu nui ana.

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Ke hiki ʻana o ka hoʻololi

He mea koʻikoʻi ia e maopopo no ka poʻe e ʻike ana i ka makemake like ʻole like homosexual, i loaʻa ka manaʻo maoli. Nui nā hihia o ka hoʻoponopono therapeutic pōmaikaʻi ʻaʻole wale o nā ʻano moe o ke ʻano moeʻuhane, akā ʻo ka mea hoihoi i wehewehe kikoʻī ma ka palapala moʻomeheu. ʻO Edmund Bergler, kahi mea hoʻōla e pili ana i nā maʻi maʻi 30 i ka maʻi 100 i nā makahiki lapaʻau, Nā memoka mea, i ka hapa nui, ʻo ka moe wahine, e like me ke kāne male, he maikaʻi hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi loa no ka psychodynamic therapy. Hōʻike ʻO ka National Association for the Study and Therapy of Homosexuality e hōʻike i kahi loiloi loiloi data empirical, nā hōʻike kaukaʻi a me ka noiʻi ʻepekema mai ka hopena o ka kenekulia 19 a hiki i kēia wā, ka mea e hōʻoiaʻiʻo nei i hiki i nā kāne a me nā wahine makemake ke hana i ka hoʻololi mai ka homosexuality a me ka heterosexuality.

Aia ma ka pūnaewele Kauka (s) o ka Manaolana hōʻiliʻili e pili ana i nā hōʻike wikiō 80 o nā wahine a me nā kāne i hōʻoki me ke kāne male a me ke alakaʻi i kahi ʻano heterosexual piha. A inā ʻo ka manaʻoʻiʻo ke kumu o ka hoʻololi o ka hapanui o ka nui, ʻo ka hoʻomana ka mea nui i ka hoʻololi no ka hoʻololi ʻana, ʻoiai he mea ʻole ia he kōkua koʻikoʻi, no ka mea e hāʻawi aku i kahi kanaka i kuhikuhi i ke alakaʻi a hoʻoikaika i kona makemake e kūʻē i ka ʻaoʻao pouli o kāna ʻano.

Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ideology kūloko, Ke kūʻē nei nā mea mālama maʻi Western i ka mālama ʻana i nā kāne like ʻole like ʻole ma lalo o ka hoʻomōhuli ʻia he "pōʻino ia", akā ʻo kaʻoiaʻiʻo nō lākou e hoʻopunipuni i ka lehulehume ka wehewehe ʻole: 
(1) Hiki i nā lawelawe psychiatric āpau no nā pilikia pilikino a me ka interpersonal hiki ke hoʻopōʻino; 
(2) Ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e ʻepekema hōʻoia ke loaʻa inā he ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hōʻeha ʻana i ka mālama ʻia ʻana o ka wahine like ʻole o ka wahine like ʻole, ʻoi aku ia, ʻaʻole paha ma mua o kekahi mau psychotherapy.
A aʻo APA i ka lehulehu i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka therapeutic e hoʻoikaika hou, i loko o loko noiʻi maikaʻi loano ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e nā limahana kahi malalo:

"Hōʻike i nā hōʻike empirical hou e hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ka manaʻo o ka homosexual hou i nā mea kūʻai aku, a me kēlā mea hoʻāʻo ma ka reoriition therapy ʻaʻole e hōʻeha i ka hana ʻino." 

ʻAʻohe mea i ʻike i kēia: ʻo ka mamao e like me 1973 i kahi palapala e noi ana e haʻalele i ka egosyntonic (i.e. ʻae ʻia no ka mea maʻi) homosexuality mai ka papa inoa o nā pilikia noʻonoʻo, APA ʻikeʻia ka,ʻo ia "Ke hāʻawi nei ke ʻano o nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou i kahi mahele nui o nā kāne like ʻole makemake e hoʻololi i kā lākou hana..

Huli Ua hōʻike ʻo 2018 o ka makahiki ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i noi no ke hui a i kōkua paha i ʻike i nā loli heterosexual nui i ke kahe ʻana i ka moe kolohe, ka ʻike a me ka ʻano. Eia kekahi, ua ʻike lākou i nā māka i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka manaʻo suicidal, ke kaumaha, a me ka hōʻino kino, a me ka nui hoʻi o ka hana a me ka hoʻonaninani. Aneane like ʻole nā ​​hopena maikaʻi ʻole a pau, a ua hoʻohālikelike nā hopena maikaʻi a maikaʻi ʻole i ka poʻe me ka psychotherapy maʻamau o nā pilikia ʻē aʻe.

Kahi ʻia he mea ʻē ʻole ka pilikia o ka hoʻohuihue like ʻole i nā pilikia ʻē aʻe: "hoʻololi" ʻaʻole ia i kēlā me kēia manawa nalo ka pilikia a hoʻokahi. ʻO kahi mea, inā hoʻopiʻi ke kanaka i ke kaumaha o ke kaumaha, ʻaʻole kēia kuhi hewa ʻaʻole ia e loaʻa hou. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka poʻe e ʻalo nei i ka wai lāʻau a i ʻole ke inu ʻakaʻaka e alo i nā hoʻowalewale kahiko, akā i kahi pae liʻiliʻi loa, ke kūʻeʻe a hoʻi a hoʻi i ke ʻano he hana hewa kekahi.

ʻAʻole e ʻike ʻia ka huli ʻana mai ka male i ka heterosexuality a me ka nīnau no "kekahi a i ʻole kekahi." Aia kekahi mau hoʻomau mau - ʻo ia hoʻi, kahi lohi wikiwiki e hele nei i nā moemoeā o ka wahine a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona heterosexual, ka pae o ka hōʻike o kēlā me ke ʻano i ka laulā. He nui o ka poʻe i hoʻokahuli i ka pili ʻana i ka male me ke kōkua o ka maʻi psychotherapy, e mihi wale no ʻaʻole lākou i hana i kēia ma mua, no ka mea uaʻike lākou ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hoʻāʻo a i ʻole e hoʻāʻo e loli.

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Eia hou:

Mai Tomboys a Lesbians (J. Nicolosi) .pdf

Ma kēia nīnau kūkā, kamaʻilio wahine ʻelua i loko o ka wahine hili wahine e pili ana i nā kumu nāna i alakaʻi iā lākou ma kēia ala. Hōʻike ka moʻolelo kā lākou moʻolelo i ka ʻike haukapila koʻikoʻi i ka ʻatikala ʻoihana, kahi e hōʻike ai ka lesbi wahine i ka trauma nui i loaʻa i nā kāne. Hiki i kēia trauma ke hōʻike iā ia iho i ka paterophobia (makaʻu i ka makua) a / a i ʻole androphobia (makaʻu i nā kāne ma ka laulā). ʻO nā makuakāne o nā wahine i hala e komo i ka pili i ka moeʻuhane, ka mea pinepine, ka mea hoʻoweliweli a hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka wai hoʻomake.
Ua hoʻomaopopo ka American Psychological Association ʻo ka loaʻa ʻole o hoʻokahi a i ʻole ʻelua mau mākua, ʻo ka hapanui ka makua o ka moekolohe like me ke keiki, e pili pili paha i ka ʻumeʻume kāne. No nā kaikamahine, he mea nui ka make ʻana o ka makuahine i ka wā kamaliʻi i kēia. Loaʻa i kēlā mau kaikamahine kahi pono kūpono ʻole no ka mālama a me ka makemake e hoʻihoʻi i kahi pilina palupalu me ko lākou makuahine, nona ka prototype a lākou e ʻimi nei no ka wahine ʻē aʻe.

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Pehea e hoʻolālā ʻia ai ka hōʻaia?