Ungochani hwechikadzi hunozivikanwa se lesbianism (shoma kazhinji sapphism, tribadism). Izwi iri rinobva pazita reGreek chitsuwa cheLesbos, uko Sappho wekare wechiGiriki Sappho akaberekwa uye akagara, mumavhesi ayo mune mazano erudo pakati pevakadzi. Kuenzaniswa nehurume hwechirume, ungochani hwechikadzi hwakafundwa zvishoma. Hukada-humhandara hukama pakati pevakadzi huri pasi kuparadza uye hunobata matambudziko mashoma, uye nekudaro hapana chikonzero chakakosha chekutungamira kuedza kwekutsvaga munzvimbo ino. Zvakangodaro, kubva padiki pane izvo zvinozivikanwa nezvevakadzi vachipinda muhukama humwechete-nehukama, hapana nzira iyo isina ruvara-ruvara mufananidzo. Ungochani uye vakadzi vanopenga vanonyanya kutambudzika chirwere chepfungwa uye ratidza huwandu wenyaya zvine chekuita nemararamiro avo: hukama hwepfupi, kudhakwa, fodya nezvinodhaka, mhirizhonga yevamwe uye nenjodzi yakawedzera yehutachiona hweSDD. Vakwegura ngochani, kupfuura avo vanoita zvepabonde, kuzviisa pasi njodzi yekutanga kufutisa uye chirwere chechipfuva и kazhinji taura kuvapo kweArthritis, asthma, kurohwa kwemwoyo, kurohwa, huwandu hwezvirwere zvisingaperi uye hutano husina kutsarukana.

Etiology
Lesbianism na D. Nicolosi
Lesbianism naA A. Sigler-Smaltz
Lesbianism naE. Bergler
Статистика
HIV uye STD
Kushushikana kwepfungwa uye kupindwa muropa
Chisimba
Kenza uye kufutisa
Kugona kwekuchinja

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Etiology

Musiyano unofanirwa kuitwa pakati pehunhu hweungochani uye kukwezva kweungochani, sezvo imwe isinga perekedze imwe. Ngochani manzwiro kukwezva nguva dzose chiratidzo chepfungwa yepfungwa, neungochani mufambiro hazvireve kuti zvinofambidzana nekukwezva kweungochani uye, nekudaro, hazvibvumidze mhedzisiro nezve kuvepo kwe psychopathology mune yechiremba. Izvo zvikonzero zvinotungamira munhu ane hutano hwepfungwa kuita zvepabonde nemitezo yavo yechikadzi zvakasiyana zvakanyanya. Vanogona kupfeka chinzvimbo kana mukwanyina waakatarisana naye asingakwanise, kuti zviitwe nekuda kuziva zvido zveudyirekunyanyisa kuda uye unzenzaasi panguva imwe chete kunyimwa chero zvingoochani zviitiko uye manzwiro. Vamwe vasikana vachiri kuyaruka, vari pasi pesimba rezvenhau, iye zvino vanofunga kuti ivo vakadzi vechisikana nekuti ivo havana kumbosangana nehukama hwepamoyo nevarume uye vanonzwa vakasununguka pakubata nevakadzi. Hapana mubvunzo kuti izvi zvinokurumidza uye zvakakanganisa kuzvipa mutongo, nekuti chero mukadzi anochata angangoita chivimbo, kushamwaridzana uye kunzwisisa neshamwari dzake kupfuura nevarume. Pamusoro pezvo, zvave zvino kuita fashoni pakati pevechidiki kuti vataure “hupfumi hwavo”, uye vamwe vasikana vari kuyedza nhare yavo zvakanyanya nekuda kwehunhu hwetsika. Iyi episode haina kufarira chinyorwa ichi: ichatarisisa ungochani, hunoratidzwa nekuramba uchioma uye zvakaoma kukunda, uye dzimwe nguva kutomanikidza kukwezva munhu pabonde. Kuvapo kwekukwezva kwakadaro mumunhu kunoratidza kuti mukati mekuvandudzwa kwepfungwa yake chiitiko chakaitika chakakanganisa kosi yake uye chakatadzisa kubudirira kweiyo nhanho yekupedzisira - ungochani. Nenzira iyi libidinized kunzwa kweungochani chiratidzo chekusagadzikana kwemweya uye neurosis.

Tichaita kudhirowa chidiki kuti tinzwisise zviri nani izvo zvinoratidzira neurosis kubva pamaonero epakadzika psychology. Edmund Bergler pabasa rake "The Basic Neurosis" inotsanangura neurosis se "anorronistic (i.e., isina kukodzera kune iripo) chirwere kusaziva", Izvo zvakavakirwa pakapesana kwezvibodzwa zvisingaite, kutya, mhosva uye chiito maitiro ekudzivirira... Mune mamwe mazwi, isu tiri kutaura nezve ine hunyoro hwepfungwa kusagadzikana, kunoratidzwa mune maladaptive uye yekuzviparadza maitiro, asi pasina kurasikirwa nekubata neicho chaicho (kunyangwe kuona kwayo kunogona kuve kwakanyanya kushatiswa). Chiitiko chekiriniki chinoratidza kuti neurosis inongopfuurira pamusoro pemakore.

Icho chinokonzera neurosis ndeyekunze kana kwemukati kushushikana kunokonzera kushungurudzika kwepfungwa, uko kunozomanikidzwa kuenda mukusaziva. Panyaya yekukwezva varume kana kuti bonde, izvi zvinogona kuve kushungurudzwa, kufungidzira kana kurambwa chaiko nevezera rako kana vabereki, kutadza kutanga hukama hwepedyo nenhengo dzebonde. Murwere haazive nezvekukosha kwekupokana, uye chete kuzvidzivirira kusaziva padambudziko rakadzvinyirirwa kunoonekwa pamusoro. Iyo neurotic inogara iri pakutsvaga munhu kana mamiriro ezvinhu anotendera kuonesazve maitiro ake euroticotic. Anogona kufananidzwa nemurume anotakura giramufoni kurekodha naye kwese kwese uye anogara achitsvaga turntable iyo yaanogona kuridza rake rekodhi chete - yake yekutanga isingazive neurotic tendency.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa izvozvo chaizvo всех vanhu vane neurotic maitiro, asi havazi vese avo vanokurirwa kusvika pamwero zvekuti neurosis inoitika. Iri idambudziko rehuwandu, kwete hwemhando (nyangwe, sezvakataurwa naHegel, nguva yacho inogona kuuya kana huwandu hwacho hwachinja kuita hunhu). Misiyano inosarudza pakati peyakajairika uye yemhute ndeyekuti yekutanga akakunda hutana hwake hunopesana kusvika pakakura uye zvaakaita maonero ane chinangwa chechokwadi, neapo anopedzisira ashungurudza chokwadi nekusaziva mwana kudzokorora kusawirirana kwake.

Lesbianism na D. Nicolosi

Sokutanga kunoita muvambi weNational Association yeFundo yeUngochani, Dr. Joseph Nicolosi, kukakavara kukuru kuri pakati pevane ngochani kuramba kwemusikana kusaziva kwehunhu hwake. Kazhinji, kurambwa uku kunobva mukushungurudzika kwepfungwa, izvo zvinodzivirira kuumbwa kwekubatana naamai panguva yakatarisana nekusimudzira kuzivikanwa kwechikadzi. Kunyangwe kana musikana wacho asingaratidze hunhu hwakawanda hwevanhurume, hazvo, acharamba aine zviratidzo zvekukonana kwevakadzi. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, vasikana vanotendeukira kuungochani vasingazive vanofunga kuti kuve munhukadzi hakudiwe kana kuti hakuna kuchengeteka. Vamwe vanaamai nekusaziva vanounza vanasikana vavo nemufananidzo usinganakidze wechikadzi, vachiratidza chisina simba kana chisina kunaka chinhu chekuzivikanwa. Kunyange vachiramba vanaamai sechinhu chekuzivikanwa, vasikana vanorambawo hukadzi hunoratidzwa naamai vavo. Semuenzaniso, kucherechedza amai vanozvitarisira pasi, vachizviisa pasi pekuzvidzwa uye chisimba kubva kumurume, musikana anonyatso funga: "kana izvi zvichireva kuve mukadzi, saka ini handidi kuva iye." Dzimwe nguva kuita kwakafanana kunokonzerwa nekushungurudzwa pabonde nemurume achiri mudiki. Kubva pamaonero emusikana, hukadzi hwake neimwe nzira hunomutsa mhirizhonga pabonde uye, nekudaro, kuti azvidzivirire, musikana anoona zvakakodzera kusiya chikamu chemukadzi "chinonetsa". Vakadzi vanoshungurudzwa pabonde kana kubatwa chibharo muhudiki nekuyaruka zvinenge zvisingaite kuvimba nevarume. Naizvozvo, ivo vanogona kutendeukira kuvakadzi kuti vagutsikane kudiwa kwerudo uye zvishuwo zvebonde.

Kazhinji, vakadzi vakadaro vanokodzera tsika dzechirume uye kunyange chitarisiko. Aya maitiro epakutanga epfungwa, akafanana neshoko rinoti: "Kana mumwe munhu akandigumbura, ndichaita saiye - kuti ndirege kukuvara. Ini ndichava mumwe wevanotonga. Vazhinji vasikana vane dambudziko rechikadzi vanobatikana nesimba, hukasha, uye fungidziro umo ivo vanoita basa rekudzivirira. Mukukura, vakadzi vakadai vanogona kudzidzira sadomasochism, kutonga, kana iyo "yeganda" theme. Iyi miitiro inosunungura iyo isinganzwisisike kukwezva-kudzosera kupokana munhau dzechikadzi. Musikana uyo aisakwanisa kuzviona pamwe naamai vake anodzvinyirira kutsamwa pamusoro pake, nekuti, kune rumwe rutivi, anomuda, uye kune rimwe racho, anokuvadzwa naye.

Vamwe vakadzi vanoita zvebonde vanotambura zvakanyanya kubva mukutadza munzira yekuzivikanwa, asi kubva mukusada kusarudzika kwekuchengetwa kwamai. Vakadaro vakadzi vane vasingazivi vanoziva kudzoreredza kusapindika kubatana naamai vavo, chimiro chavo chavanowana mune mumwe mukadzi. Iko kukwezva kwehukama hwevakomana vechisikana kuri muchokwadi chekuti mukadzi ano “zadzwa” uye ane hukama nechikamu chake icho chaakamanikidzwa kusiya - humwe mukadzi. Iye mhando yekukweretesa kubva kune mumwe mukadzi, asi nzira yakadai yemaitiro ekugadzirisa dambudziko haisi kuunza kupora kumweya. Kubatana nemumwe mukadzi kunopa chete kunyepedzera kwekuvimbika, iyo inofanirwa kuve inotsigirwa nguva dzose nenzira dzakaoma dzekuzvinyengedza uye kukanganisa kwechokwadi.

Lesbianism naA A. Sigler-Smaltz

Therapist Andria Sigler-Smaltz, aichimbova lesbian, parizvino akaroora, inotsanangura hunhu hwehukama hwevakadzi.

Lesbian anofarira vanhu vebonde rake kuti agutse zvishuwo zvake zvaasina kuziva uye anotya kukurukurirana kwepedyo nevanhukadzi. Mukushomeka, mukadzi “anonamira” mukukura uye nokudaro haakwanisi kufambira mberi kuhukama. Izvo chaizvo uye sei kutyorwa kwehutano hwakanaka kunoitika, kunozivisa huwandu hwematambudziko ayo nekuzivikanwa kwevakadzi.

Simba rekutyaira muhukama hwevanhukadzi kushaya kwehukama hwepamoyo uye kunetseka kune avo echikadzi, izvo, sekutonga, hazvina kuita zvepabonde sepaya ungochani. Mumwe mutengi, achiziva kuti hukama hwake nevarume vanodzokerazve kudiwa kwake kwerudo rwevakadzi, akanditsanangurira:

"Pandinosangana nemukadzi wandinofarira, chimwe chinhu mukati mangu chinoti: "Uchave amai vangu here?" Uku kufunga kwakasimba kusinganzwisisike kwandisingakwanise kuita chero chinhu. Kamwe kamwe ndinonzwa mudiki. "Ndiri kuda kuti andicherechedze, ndinoda kuve nyanzvi kwaari, uye ichi chishuvo chinobata pfungwa dzangu."

Vamwe varume vanoita zvebonde vanosangana nekunzwa kwakashata uye nemakakatanwa emukati nevarume, izvo zvinoita kuti vatadze kugamuchira ungochani. Zvakare, vamwe vacho vanoziva kwazvo nezvekujeka kwechikadzi, uko vakadzi vanoonekwa sevane zvipo uye vanodiwa, nepo varume vachionekwa sevakaderera, vakapindwa muropa nekupindwa muropa uye zvimwe zvisina basa. Hazvina kujairika kuti vakadzi vakamboita mararamiro echirume kwenguva yakareba vanotanga kushushikana nehukama hwehukama.

Musiyano mukuru uripakati pevakadzi nevarume ndewekuti zvepabonde nekukwezva zvepabonde hazvisi izvo zvakakosha zvikamu zvehukama hwevakadzi. Kune vakadzi vanoita ngochani, "kukwezva" kunoita basa rakakosha kudarika kukwezva vanhu pabonde. Nyaya dzekuti bonde chinhu chakakomba chinoenderana nenyaya yekuti inomiririra kudanana kwepamoyo.

Lesbians vanowanzo kunzwa iyo "Ini handigoni kurarama pasina iwe" mukuwirirana. Pakutanga kutarisa, pane mukana wekubatana kwakasimba muukama uhwu, asi kutarisisa kunoratidza hunhu hunoratidza kusasimba chisungo chizere nekutya uye kusagadzikana. Kunetsana kwakanyanya kunooneka mumusoro wenyaya une chekuita nekuumbwa kwehunyorwa. Semuenzaniso, isu tinoona kutya kwekusiiwa uye / kana kunyudzwa, kurwira kwekutonga nemasimba (kana kusagadzikana), pamwe nechishuwo chekubatana nemumwe munhu kuti uwane pfungwa yekuchengetedza uye kukosha.

Hukama pakati pevakadzi hunonyanya kukoshesa kusasarudzika pane kubatanidzwa, uye hazvishamise kuti vaviri vanoita zvechisimba vanoregedza kusangana nevomumhuri kana shamwari dzekare. Kusimudzira kwakadaro kunopa kutonga mumwe, kudzivirira kuzvimiririra, uye kunoshanda sekudzivirirwa pakupomhodza kupokana mumubatanidzwa wavo wakashata.

Kunyangwe chokwadi chekuti kubatana kwevanhurume nevanhukadzi kazhinji kunenge kuri kureba kupfuura kwevanhurume, ivo vanowanzo zadzwa nekushushikana kwepamoyo uye vanobatirira kune "pasita" yegodo *, kugarika-nekubata-siyana uye kunyengera kwakawanda. Mune izvi nzira, kusimuka kwepamoyo kwakanyanya, uye kupokana kuri kuwedzera zvakanyanya. Kunyanyisa kwekushandisa nguva pamwechete, kufona kazhinji, kupa kwakapararira kwemakadhi kana zvipo, kukurumidza kufamba pasi pedenga remagetsi uye kusanganisa mari - idzi ndedzimwe nzira dzekudzivirira kubva kuzvitoro. Mune hukama hwakadaro, isu tinoona iyo yekunyepedzera yehutano hwakabatanidzwa - kutendamira kwepamoyo uye kwakanyanya kudzvanya.

* Pathological godo hunhu hwevakadzi vezvakakwenenzverwa kwakacherechedzwa mu klassical Kraft-Ebbing basa re1886 yegore "Zvepfungwa psychopathy": “Ushamwari hwakarambidzwa uyu hunokura kunyanya mumajere evakadzi uye unofambidzana negodo rechisimba uye ruchiva rukuru. "Musungwa achangoona kuti mumwe musungwa akanyemwerera mudiwa wake, pakaitika godo rakanyanyisa kurwa." ichi inobvumikisa uye mutariri wejeri remazuva ano revakadzi: "Kune vakaroorana vakadai iwe unoda ziso neziso, nekuti iyo nyonganiso pakati pavo inotyisa: hauna kutarisa, hauna kusekerera, uye ndizvo zvese - pakanga paine kurwa uye kurwa. Vakaparadzanisa nenzira yekuti munhu wese ave mukuziva - nekunyomba kukuru nekugoverana zvivakwa zvavo zviri nyore. "  Uye maererano neimwe chinyorwa nezvevasungwa vevakadzi: "Zvinotonhorera, zvinoratidzira ropa, dzimwe nguva zvinouraya, zvinoitika chaizvo munzvimbo dzevakadzi vepamberi peSoviet nzvimbo uye kunyanya nekuda kwegodo rechikamu (vanoshanda lesbians)." 

Lesbianism naE. Bergler

Iyo genesis yeungochani yevakadzi yakafanana neiyo yevanhurume: kurangana kwekusagadziriswa kwekutarisa naamai vevacheche. Muchikamu chepamuromo chekusimudzira (yekutanga 1,5 makore ehupenyu), novice lesbian anoenda kuburikidza nematambudziko akateedzana uye pasi naamai vake, izvo zvinokanganisa kupedzwa kwakabudirira kwechikamu ichi. Iko peculiarity yemakiriniki lesial kurwiswa ndeyekuti inomiririra isina chinhu matatu-denga dhizaini: iyo yekufungidzira "kuunganidzwa kwekusarongeka", iyo yakafukidzwa ne pseudo-ruvengo, iyo inofukidzwa neakawedzerwa pseudo-rudo kune mumiriri weiyo infantile chifananidzo chaamai (mitsipa inokwanisa chete ersatz manzwiro uye rudo rwekunyepedzera).

Lesbian ndeyemhino ine hutatu hwekuvanda kusaziva, ichitungamira kune njodzi quiroquo, jee pamucherechedzi asina ruzivo. Kutanga, lesbianism, zvinonzwisisika, haina kukwezva, asi nehasha Kunetsana: Nheyo pfungwa dzechismus muromo-wakadzoreredzwa neurotic ndeye kusagadziriswa kwehasha kurwa kunodzoka senge boomerang nekuda kwemhosva uye chete libidinized. NeChipiri, pasi pechisungo che "murume nemukadzi" hukama, neurotically yakadzora hukama pakati mwana naamai. Yetatu, lesbianism inopa fananidzo yechokwadi yekuzvarwa; mucherechedzi asingaoni anopofumadzwa nemafaro avo ezvekuziva, nepo pasi pechirwere chinorapika chiri neurosis.

Nyika ekunze, mukusaziva kwayo, vanoona vakadzi vechisimba vakashinga. Nekudaro, havazi vese vakadzi vakashinga vanoita ungochani. Kune rimwe divi, wekunze akashinga lesbian kutevedzera varume mune zvipfeko, maitiro uye hukama zvinongoratidza kuficha kunovanza kukakavara kwake chaiko. Anocherekedza mucherechedzi haakwanisi kutsanangura "kungoburukira" lesbian kana chokwadi chekuti vanoita zvebonde, kuratidza infantile kutungamira, vanoiswa zvakanyanya pakatarisana nekununira uye kuyamwa mazamu, uye kuita bonhora nehukama ne dildos kunoiswa kwakatenderedza mukatikati, uyo usingazivikanwe nehupo.

My 30 makore eakiriniki anoitika akaratidzira kuti lesbianism ine mashanu mazinga: 
1) masochistic kuda amai; 
2) veto yehana yemukati inorambidza "kufara kubva kusafara"; 
3) yekutanga kudzivirira ndeye pseudo-ruvengo; 
4) iyo inodzokorodzwa veto yemukati inorambidza kuvenga kwemhando ipi neipi kuna amai;
5) Kuzvidzivirira kwechipiri ndihwo rudo-rudo.

Nekudaro, lesbianism haisi "rudo rwemukadzi nekuda kwemukadzi", asi rudo rwekunyepedzera rwemukadzi akangwara uyo akasika alibi yemukati yaasinganzwisise. 
Ichi chinodzivirira chimiro mune lesbianism chinotsanangura: 
a. Nei vakadzi vebhogi vanoratidzwa nekutambudzika kukuru uye godo rezvipenga. Mune chokwadi chaicho chemukati, rudzi urwu rwegodo harisiri chinhu chinopfuura tsime rekuti kuunganidza kusarongeka 
b. Nei ruvengo rwechisimba, dzimwe nguva ruchitsanangurwa mukuwirwa mumuviri, zvakavanzika chaizvo muhukama. Iyo pseudo-rudo dura (yechishanu dha) inongova chifukidzo chekudzivirira rudo rwekunyepedzera. 
in Sei vakadzi vechisimba vachitendeukira ku oedipal camouflage (farce yemurume nemukadzi) - zvinozvivisa hukama hwekutarisira amai nemwana, zvakadzika mumakakatanwa e-pre-oedipal, akaremerwa kwazvo nemhosva.
in Nei zvisingabatsiri kutarisira kugutsikana kwehukama hwevanhu mukati merimiro rechisimba. Iye murume asingazvibati anongogara achitsvaga mafaro, saka haagone kumufaro mufaro.

Iyo narcissistic lesbian chinongedzo inotsanangurawo chikonzero nei kusawirirana kwekuita naamai kusingaendi. Pasi pekukura chaiko, kupokana naamai kunogadziriswa nemusikana kuburikidza nekukamura: "ruvengo" rwekare rwunosara naamai, chinhu che "rudo" chinoshandurwa kuenda kuna baba, uye panzvimbo yeiyo yekudyara "mwana-amai" (preedipal chikamu) iyo triangular oedipal mamiriro "mwana-amai-baba" anomuka. Yemangwana lesbian anoedza kuita zvakafanana, chete kukandwa kumashure mukukonana kwekutanga. Oedipal "solution" (pachayo chikamu cheshanduko chinosiiwa nemwana panguva yekukura kwake zvakajairika) ndechekuti vakadzi vevabonde vanoshandisa murume-mukadzi (baba-amai) kuzvishongedza sechivande chekudzivirira.

Izvo zvinodikanwa kusiyanisa pakati pemafomu maviri ekuzivikanwa asingazivikanwe: "kutungamira" (kutungamira) uye "kutungamira" (kutsausa). Yekutanga inomiririra izvo zvakadzvanywa nezvido zvemunhu, yakachemedzwa mumhedzisiro yekukonana kusingaperi, uye chechipiri chinoreva kuzivikanwa nevanhu vakasarudzwa kuramba uye kuramba kutuka kwehana yemukati vachipokana nezvido izvi zvemweya. Iko "kutungamira" kuratidza kweanoshanda mhando lesaga zvinoreva preedipal vanamai uye "kutungamira" kuna baba oedipal. Mumhando inongoitika, "kutungamira" kuzivikanwa kunoreva mwana, uye "kutungamira" kuna oedipal vanamai.

Zvese zviri pamusoro, chokwadika, zvinoruramiswa nehuchipatara humbowo, hwakatsanangurwa zvakadzama mumabhuku aE. Bergler.

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Статистика

By iyo yazvino data American Medical Association (AMA) vanoita zvechisimba kakawanda kupfuura vakadzi vanoita zvechisimba vanotaura kushungurudzika kwepfungwa, hutano husina kutsarukana, zvinetso zvakawanda zvisingaperi, kudhakwa uye kuputa kwakanyanya. Zvimwewo zvinyorwa wedzera pane iyi runyorwa kuwedzera njodzi kenza yemazamu, kushungurudzika, kunetseka, chirwere chemoyo, chirwere chegynecological, kufutisa, kubata mukati memishonga, pamwe nengozi dzese dzekurara nevanhu vasina kudzivirirwa.

HIV uye STD

Huwandu hwezvidzidzo ^{[1, 2, 3]}, yakatanga kurongeka kwakatendeka pakati peungochani muvasikana uye kusavapo kwababa vachiri vadiki, uye zvakanyanya muvasikana pane vakomana. ^{[1, 2]}. Imwe tsananguro ingangodaro inoratidza kuti kuvepo (kana kusavapo) kwababa mumba kunoonekwa se chinoratidza kusimba uye kuvimbika kwehukama nevarume. Zvinoenderana nekumwe kutsanangurwa, vasikana vakapukunyuka kurambwa kwevabereki vavo vachiri vadiki vanotanga kuita zvepabonde pakutanga uye vanove nevazhinji vanoita zvebonde zvenguva pfupi.

Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti yakasununguka tsika dzebonde zvinoenderana neungochani. Vakadzi vasina kuzvidzivirira pabonde vane nhamba yakawandisa yevanoita zvepabonde, vazhinji vavo vanogona kunge vari vakadzi. Zvinoenderana neazvino tsvakurudzoVakadzi vane vakawanda vanoita zvebonde nevarume kana vakadzi nevarume kana vakadzi kana varume.

Maererano ne kupihwa IU.S. Centers for Disease Control Center (CDC) isati yasvika 97% yevanoshoreka vakarara nevarume (28% mugore rapfuura), i86% ichiita vaginal uye 48% anal intercourse. Zvaive kusimbiswakuti vakadzi vanovata nevamwe vakadzi (WSW) vane mukana wakanyanya kupfuura vakadzi vanoita bonde kuita anal kana kumuromo pabonde nemurume kana mukadzi wekubereka, uye mukana wekuti ivo vaidarika va50 vanoita zvepabonde. yepamusorosoro ne350%. Vakawanda vavakabatana navo, ndipo pavanowedzera mukana weutachiona. Zvakawanda, WSW tenderera kuita zvepabonde nevarume vanoita zvechingochani (zvimwe nekuda kwekuti vanonzwa vaine chivimbo ne "vanhu vakafanana"), zvakatonyanya inowedzera njodzi yavo utachiona neHIV, hepatitis C uye mamwe STD maitiro eMSM (varume vanoita zvepabonde nevarume).

Kuenzaniswa ne32% vakadzi vanoita zvepabonde, 44% WSW yakashuma Pamusoro pekuongororwa kwakapfuura kweimwe kana anopfuura STD. Izvo zvakanyanya STD dzinopfuudzwa pakati pevakadzi inosanganisira bacterial vaginosis, chlamydia, genital herpes uye munhu papillomavirus, zvinova pathogen gomarara remuromo wechibereko.

Kwemakumi maviri emakore apfuura, nharaunda yevanechani akatanga kuita zvepabonde. Magazini anonyadzisira, zvitoro zvematoyi ezvepabonde, uye makambani emafirimu ezvinonyadzisira anonangidzirwa uye anofambiswa nengochani zvakawedzera. Makirabhu engochani anoshambadza husiku hwekuti “Ndinoda Pussy” uye anoshamisira ne“chiito” munzvimbo dzekugezera. Masangano eLesbian BDSM aripo mumaguta makuru mazhinji muUnited States, uye polyamory iri kuwedzera kuwanda. Vamwe ngochani vachangobva kutanga kutevedzera tsika dzepabonde dzeMSM, kusanganisira fisting, rimming (35%), urolagnia uye injekiseni rezvinhu (25%) Aya maitiro zvechokwadi anosanganiswa nenjodzi yakakomba yehutano.

Kushushikana kwepfungwa uye kupindwa muropa

Mazhinji masosi ^{[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]} ziva kuti CSF yakashuma 2-3 kakawanda nezvekushungurudzika, kunetseka uye kufunga kuzviuraya. Mamiriro evakadzi avo vanozivikanwa se "bisexual" anonyanya kushungurudza. Uyezve, pakati peWSW pane tsika yekurerutsa uye kudzivirira kutsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba. Chimwe chiitiko chisina kunaka ndechekuti vamwe vakadzi, pakutanga vanoonekwa sevanobata vakadzi, vanozoshandura zita ravo kuita "transgender," rinovaisa panjodzi yekukanganisika kubva mukutora mahormone echirume, kukanganisa kuvhiyiwa uye kuwedzera kunetseka kwepfungwa.

Maererano ne kupihwa IAmerican Psychiatric Association, WSW iri 3 kakawanda mukana wekutambura nekushomeka kwekushandiswa kwezvinodhaka uye inonyanya kukanganisa doro uye zvinodhaka zvakaoma. Sapakutanga, aya manhamba anosuruvarisa anotongwa nevakadzi “vanokanganisa” vakadzi. US Dhipatimendi rehutano (HHS) Hutano hwevakadzi  inobvumikisa:

"Kudhakwa uye kupindwa muropa nezvinodhaka zvinoita kunge zvakajairika pakati pevane ngochani (kunyanya vakadzi vadiki) kupfuura vakadzi vanoita zvepabonde ... Vakadzi vanoita bonde vane mikana yakawanda kupinda vamwe vakabaya zvinodhaka uye vari panjodzi huru yezvirwere zvepabonde."

Kutsvakurudza mudunhu reCalifornia yakaratidza kuti njodzi yekuderera kwechinwiwa muCSW inowedzerwa ne4 nguva, zvinodhaka - ne3,5 nguva, uye chero humwe dambudziko rakabatana nekushandiswa kwezvinhu zvechochochoactive - ne 3,4 nguva.

Chisimba

Kudzidza kwakakura airatidza kuti vakadzi vanoita zvebonde uye vakadzi vane hukasha muhudiki vakawana mutsauko “Kukurira uye chisimba chinoramba chiripo”. Kune vakawanda vakadzi, chisimba hachiperi muhudiki uye iko zvino kuri kuenderera mberi kune mumwe wako. Vanowanana vaviri kazhinjipane ngochani varume vanobatwa uye vanotanga mhirizhonga.

Chidzidzo che APA chakawana kuti 47,5% yevanoshoreka vakambosangana nekushungurudzwa mumuviri kubva kune mumwe wako. Zvakafanana data kuunzwa CDC - 40,4% yevanodzvinyirira vakashungurudzwa nemudiwa, mu29,4%, mhirizhonga yaive yakakura: kurova, kudzvinyirira kana kurova chimwe chinhu chakaoma.

Iyo Rondedzero Yemhuri yakashumaiyo 70,2% yevanodzvinyirira vakasangana nekunetswa kwepfungwa kupfuura gore rapfuura. Imwe fundo kwaratidzwaiyo 69% yevakadzi vanobatanidzwa muhukama-humwe hukama hunobata hutsinye, uye 77,5% yekudzora maitiro pane chikamu chemudiwa. Na kupihwa wongororo yapfuura yeCDC, paavhareji 63,5% yevanodzvinyirira vakasangana nepfungwa kushamwaridzana kubva kune mumwe wavo, kazhinji achiratidzwa akazviparadzanisa nemhuri uye neshamwari, kunyadziswa, kutukwa uye kuvimbiswa kuti hapana mumwe munhu waakavada.

Nhema uye nevamwe kupembererakuti utsinye muhukama hwevakomana vechisikana unowanzo kuve hwechisikwa. Mumuenzaniso wavo, 23,1% yevakabhejera vakashuma kumanikidza kubva kune mumwe wavo iye zvino, uye 9,4% kubva kune wavakamboroorana naye. Uye zvakare, 55.1% yakashuma kutsutsumwa uye manzwiro. Mune imwe research zvakawanikwa kuti zvichienzaniswa ne17,8% yevakadzi vanoita zvechisikana, 30,6% yevanobata vakadzi vanoita zvepabonde vachipokana nezvavaida, uye zvinoenderana Waldner-Haugrud (1997⁽¹⁾) 50% yevanodzvinyirira vakasangana nekupinda nechisimba newavo.

В chinyorwa 1994 yegore mune runyorwa "Journal of Interpersonal Mhirizhonga" yakanangana nematambudziko emakakatanwa nemhirizhonga mukudyidzana kwevakadzi. Vatsvagiri vakawana kuti 31% yevakabvunzurudzwa vakashuma kuti vakasangana nechero chiitiko chimwe chete chekushungurudzwa mumuviri nemumwe wavo. Zvinoenderana na Nichols (2000), 54% yevakadzi vanoita zveungochani dzinonzi dzakasangana ne10 kana zvimwe zviitiko zvechisimba nevarume, 74% yakaratidza 6 - 10 episode.

Maererano nekuongororwa kwakaitwa nehurumende yeCanada:

"... mhirizhonga yevakaroora yakaitika zvakapetwa kaviri pakati pevane ngochani kana zvichienzaniswa nevakaroora kana vakadzi: 15% uye 7%, zvichiteerana" (Kuyera Mhirizhonga Pamusoro pevakadzi: Statistical Trends 2006, p.39).

Ongororo yeNational Violence against Women Survey yakaratidza kuti "kurara kwevanhukadzi kumwechete kune huwandu hwechisimba kupfuura hwekudyidzana kwevanhukadzi." 39% yevakabvunzurudza vakashungurudzwa mumuviri uye nepfungwa nemumwe wavo achienzaniswa ne21,7% yevakabvunzwa kubva kuheterialual cohabitations (CDC 2000) Zvakakosha zvimwe mitengo yakakwira Mhirizhonga pakati peWSW zvirokwazvo inobatsira kune kwavo kusagadzikana kwepfungwa.

Kenza uye kufutisa

Vakadzi vasina kubereka vari panjodzi yepamusoro yekenza. Vakadzi Health Health (HHS) anonyorakuti mahormone anoburitswa panguva yekuzvitakura nekuyamwisa anodzivirira vakadzi kubva kugomarara repazamu, gomarara redumbu uye gomarara remuchibereko. WSW inoratidzirwa kune aya marudzi ekenza zvakanyanya, sezvo iwo ari mashoma mukana wekutora nhumbu, uye kana zvikazoitika, ipapo mikana yacho kubvisa nhumbu kumusoro. Kutsvakurudza varatidza communications kubvisa nhumbu nekenza yemazamu uye kusagadzikana kwepfungwa. Polycystic ovary syndrome, njodzi yekukonzera cancer yechibereko, kazhinji kazhinji inowanikwa pakati peWSW.

Zvidzidzo zvakawanda ^{[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]} yakaratidza izvozvo kuvanhukadzi nevarume vane vakadzi vaviri unhu zvikuru mitengo yakakwira kufutisa (3 / 4 vs 1 / 2), iyo inowedzera vane njodzi chirwere chemoyo, dzimwe mhando dzekenza, uye nekutanga kufa. Kukura huwandu hwehuchapupu hwesainzi inoratidza kusonganirana kwechirwere chemoyo nemweya wengozi yakawedzera mikana yemamwe marudzi ehumho hwepfungwa, kusanganisira chirwere cheAlzheimer uye chirwere chemwoyo.  Kuenzaniswa nemamwe marudzi emuchato, vakadzi vari muhukama-humwe hwekudyidzana iri boka rine nhamba yepamusoro yekufa, iyo mumakore achangopfuura inoramba ichikura.

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Kugona kwekuchinja

Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti kune vanhu vanosangana nekukwezva isingadiwe neungochani, pane tariro chaiyo. Nhamba dzakawanda dzekubudirira kurapa kurapa kwete chete kweungochani, asiwo kwekukwezva inotsanangurwa zvakadzama mumabhuku ehunyanzvi. Edmund Bergler, akaporesa nezvevarwere vanoita zvengochani mu30 makore ekurapa kwechirwere, anonyorakuti, kazhinji, lesbianism, kufanana nehurume hwechingochani, ine chinzvimbo chakanyanya chekurapa kwepfungwa. Chirevo Sangano reNational Association for the Study uye Therapy yeChingochani rinopa kuongororwa kwakadzama kweshoko rekupokana, mishumo yekiriniki uye nekutsvaga kwesainzi kubva pakupera kwezana ramakore re19 kusvika parizvino, izvo zvinopa humbowo hwekuti varume nevakadzi vanofarira vanogona kuita shanduko kubva paungochani kuenda kuungochani.

Panzvimbo Izwi (s) reTariro akaunganidza nezve 80 vhidhiyo uchapupu hwevakadzi nevarume vakaputsa neungochani uye vanotungamira wakazara hupenyu hwemurume. Uye kunyangwe kana kutenda kuri iko kukurudzira kwekuchinja kazhinji, chinamato hachisi icho chikuru chekushandura, kunyangwe iri pasina mubvunzo rubatsiro rwakakosha, nekuti rwunopa munhu gwara rakajeka uye rinosimbisa kuda kwake mukupikisa nerima rehuhu hwake.

Kubva pane mafungiro ezvematongerwo enyika, Western masangano ezvekurapa anopikisa kurapwa kwekusada-humhandara kukwezva pasi pekunyepedzera kuti "zvinogona kukuvadza", asi kutaura zvazviri, ivo kunyengedza veruzhinjipasina kutsanangura kuti: 
(1) Zvese zvehutano zvepfungwa zvevose zvinetso zvevanhu uye zvevamwe zvinogona kukuvadza; 
(2) Inoremekedzwa sainzi haisati yaratidza kana njodzi yekukuvara mukurapa kweimwe isingafadzi-yekutyaira drive yakakura, yakafanana, kana kushoma pane njodzi yeimwe psychotherapy.
Uye nepo APA ichishora pachena kurapa kuedza kuyedza, mukati mayo mabhuku anehunyanzviyakagadzirirwa nyanzvi dzakataurwa zvinotevera:

"Uchangoburwa humbowo hunoratidza kuti maitiro eungochani anogona kuchinjika marapirwo muvatengi vanokurudzirwa, uye kuti kuyedza kudzokorora kurapa hakuna kukuvadza." 

Iko hakuna kuwanikwa mune izvi: sekusvika kumashure se1973 mune gwaro rinofunga kusabvisa egosyntonic (i. inogamuchirika yemurwere) ungochani kubva pane runyorwa rwekushushikana kwepfungwa, APA zvakanyorwa, icho "Nzira dzazvino dzekurapa dzinobvumira chikamu chakakosha cheungochani vanoda kuchinja maitiro avo kuti vadaro".

Kutsvakurudza 2018 yegore yakaratidza kuti vazhinji veavo vakanyorera boka kana rubatsiro rwehunyanzvi vakasangana nekuchinja kwakakomba muhupombwe drive, kuzivikanwa, uye maitiro. Mukuwedzera, ivo vakasangana nemakanda kuderera mune kuzviuraya pfungwa, kushungurudzika, uye kushandisa zvinodhaka, pamwe nekuwedzera kushanda munzanga uye kuzvishingisa. Zvinenge zvese zvakakanganisika mhedzisiro zvaive zvisina basa, uye zvakanaka uye zvisina kunaka mhedzisiro zvaienzaniswa neavo vakajairwa psychotherapy yezvimwe zvinetso zvepfungwa.

Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti dambudziko rekukwezva ngochani hakuna kusiyana kune rimwe dambudziko rekurapa: "shanduko" hazvireve zvachose kuti dambudziko rinonyangarika kamwechete zvachose. Semuenzaniso, kana munhu akabudirira kubvisa dambudziko rekuora mwoyo, izvi hazvireve kuti haazombove nazvo zvakare. Zvakare, vanhu vanobvisa zvinodhaka kana kupindwa muropa nedoro vanosangana nemiyedzo yakare, asi kusvika pakaderera, uye kugumburwa nekutsvedza kumashure inyaya yehanho imwe isiriyo.

Shanduko kubva paungochani kuita ungochani haifanirwe kuonekwa semubvunzo we "chero kana mumwe." Kune kumwe kuenderera mberi - ndiko kuti, kuderera kunopfuurira mberi mukuda kweungochani uye kuwedzera kwehunhu hwehupombwe, iwo huwandu hwechiratidziro chakasiyana zvakanyanya. Vazhinji vevakabvisa kupindwa muropa nehupombwe nerubatsiro rwepfungwa, vakazvidemba kuti havana kumboita izvi, nekuti vaive nechokwadi chekuti vaisakwanisa kana kusafanirwa kuedza kuchinja.

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Mukuwedzera:

Kubva kuTomboys kuenda kuLesbians (J. Nicolosi) .pdf

Mubvunzurudzo iyi, vakadzi vaviri vari muukama hwebonde vanotaura nezvezvikonzero zvakavatungamira munzira iyi. Rondedzero yavo inozadzisa zvakakwana ruzivo rwezvakawanda zvekurapa zvakanyatsorondedzerwa mumabhuku ehunyanzvi, izvo zvinoratidza kuti kuita zvechisimba kunowanzovakirwa padambudziko rakakura rakagamuchirwa kubva nevarume. Uku kushungurudzika kunogona kuzviratidza paterophobia (kutya kwababa) uye / kana androphobia (kutya kwevanhurume). Vanababa vevanhukadzi vanozopinda muhukama, vanowanzotuka, vanonwa doro kana kuita chisimba.
IAmerican Psychological Association inotaura kuti kusavapo kwemumwechete kana vaviri vabereki, kunyanya mubereki webonde rimwe chete nemwana, zvinogona kunge zvine chekuita nekukwezva kweungochani. Kune vasikana, kufa kwaamai muhucheche kunoita basa rakakosha mune izvi. Vasikana vakadaro vane chishuwo chisina kukwana chekuchengetwa uye chishuwo chekudzorera chisungo chisina kusimba naamai vavo, vane prototype yavari kutsvaga vasingazive mune mumwe mukadzi.

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Kukwezva ungochani kunogadzirwa sei?