"Kowane ɗan shekara uku na 20 ɗan kishili
zai kamu da kwayar cutar kwayar cutar HIV ko kuma ya mutu saboda AIDS
zuwa bikin 30 ».
APA

Mutane kalilan ne a yau suke tunawa cewa a cikin shekarun farko na bullar kwayar cutar kanjamau, cutar da ta haifar ana kiranta GRID (cutar da ke da alaka da gayu) - “Cutar rigakafin Gay”, tunda duk mutanen farko da suka kamu da cutar ‘yan luwadi ne. Wani suna na gama gari shine "Cancer gay." Sai bayan da cutar ta yadu a tsakanin mata masu luwadi da madigo, kuma ta hanyar su a tsakanin maza, ta hanyar masu bidi'a da masu shaye-shayen kwayoyi, cutar ta sauya sunan cutar kanjamau tare da taimakon 'yan siyasa da kuma matsin lamba daga kungiyoyin 'yan luwadi.

Lokacin da cutar ta AIDS ta fara a cikin 1981 a Amurka, ƙoƙarin shugabannin ƙungiya na luwaɗi an yi shi da farko ba su hana yaduwar cutar ba, amma don ɓoyewa daga jama'a gaskiyar kasancewar sa da sanya matsayin ɗan luwaɗi a matsayin hanyar al'ada da aminci ta rayuwa. Loan gay ɗin sunyi ƙoƙari da yawa don cirewa daga wayar da kan jama'a game da haɗin tsakanin wannan cutar da liwadi, amma a cikin labarun likitancin likita tsakanin maza har yanzu shine haɗarin # 1. Gaskiya ne da babu makawa cewa yan luwadi ne suka kirkirar reshen Amurka game da kwayar cutar HIV kuma har yanzu suna tallafawa ta hanyar yin jima'i da kuma yawan abokan tarawar.^[1]

Nazarin a San Francisco (Bell da Weinberg) sun gano cewa 28% suna da fiye da abokan haɗin gwanaye na 1000 kuma fiye da 43% na maza. Wani binciken (Paul Van de Ven et al.) Ya gano cewa wani ɗan luwadi na al'ada a cikin rayuwarsa yana da daga 500 zuwa abokan haɗin gwiwar 101, 500% daga 16 zuwa abokan 501, da 1000% fiye da 16.^[2] 

Mai ba da jirgin sama Gaetan Duga, ɗayan manyan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta na yaduwar ƙwayar cutar HIV a cikin Amurka yayi alfahari cewa tsawon shekaru 10 yana da abokan tarayya 2500.^[3] Koda aka duba lafiyarsa Kaposi's sarcoma, kuma sun ce rashin lafiyarsa mai rauni ce kuma tana da yaduwa, tsawon shekaru 3, har zuwa mutuwarsa, ya ci gaba da yin jima'i mara kariya a cikin saunas gay mai duhu. Ga shaidar ɗan luwadi wanda ya ce a cikin dare ɗaya yana da abokan tarayya na 50.

Dangane da Cibiyar Kula da Cututtukan Yaki da Cututtuka ta Amurka (CDC), yawan kamuwa da cuta tsakanin heterosexuals yana raguwa a kowace shekara (a halin yanzu game da 3 000 a kowace shekara), yayin da tsakanin 'yan luwadi suka kasance ba su canzawa - game da 26 000 kowace shekara.^[4] 

Ganin cewa a Amurkawa 'yan luwadi ne kawai ke samar da 2.3% na yawan jama'a,^[5] Kwayar cutar HIV a tsakanin su tana faruwa kusan sau 375 fiye da tsakanin heterosexuals. A halin yanzu, kawai 9% na cututtukan maza a Amurka suna ta hanyar saduwa tsakanin maza, yayin da luwadi, duk da ƙananan adadi, suna da alhakin 67% na kamuwa da kwayar cutar HIV, da kuma 83% na maza.

Ana ganin irin wannan hoto a wasu ƙasashe:

By bayarwa Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka da Kula da Cututtuka ta Turai (ECDC), babbar hanyar yada kwayar cutar kanjamau a Yankin tattalin arzikin Turai, shi ne jima'i tsakanin maza.^[6]

Dangane da binciken 2013, kimanin kashi 70% na kamuwa da kwayar cutar HIV tsakanin masu luwadi suna faruwa ne ta hanyar abokin zama na yau da kullun, tunda yawancin yaudara na faruwa ba tare da amfani da kwaroron roba ba.^[7] Duk da kokarin da ake yi na yaki da cutar kanjamau, 'yan luwadi sun ki kare kansu har ma da gangan suna daukar kwayar cutar HIV mai saurin kisa daga abokan cutar. Wannan aikin, wanda aka fara lura da shi a cikin 1999, an san shi da “Bagging"(Eng.: Bug na neman -" bi bugu "). A cewar mahalarta, kamuwa da cuta tare da kwayar cutar HIV tana kwantar da su daga tsoron kamuwa da cuta kuma yana basu cikakkiyar 'yanci ta hanyar biyan bukatun da ba a tursasawa. A cewar APA, “30% na dukkan mazinata masu shekaru ashirin da haihuwa za su kamu da kwayar cutar kwayar cutar HIV ko kuma za su mutu daga cutar ta AIDS tun yana da shekara talatin.”^[8]

Daga shafin yanar gizon CDC: "MSM (maza masu yin jima'i da maza) suna cikin haɗarin kamuwa da cutar HIV da sauran kwayar cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta. STDsaboda suna aiki nazarcin jima'i. Mucous membrane na dubura abu ne wanda babu kasala zai iya kamuwa da wasu cututtukan cututtukan da ake kamuwa da su ta hanyar jima'i. Hakanan abokan tarawa da yawa, substanceara yawan amfani da kayan maye da ƙarfin jima'i na MSM yana kara haɗarin kwayar cutar HIV da STI a cikin wannan rukunin. Halin kamuwa da kwayar cutar HIV ya ragu sosai a cikin MSM daga 1980's zuwa tsakiyar 1990's. Koyaya, daga yanzu, tsakanin farkon MSM a Amurka da kusan dukkanin ƙasashe masu masana'antu, haɓaka matakan farkon warkarwa (na farko, na biyu ko na farkon latent), ciwan ciki, chlamydial kamuwa da cuta da kuma hauhawar halin jima'i masu hadari. "^[9]

Mawallafin littafin game da lafiyar MSM, Stephen Goldstone, ya ba da rahoton cewa kowane marayu na biyu mai jinyar cutar kanjamau yana fama da rashin daidaituwa.^[10] Binciken da aka yi kwanan nan ya nuna cewa haɗarin haɓakar kansa a cikin mutane masu kamuwa da kwayar cutar HIV sau 28.^[11]

A cewar Red Cross, wanda aka buga a shafin yanar gizon bayar da gudummawar jini na FDA, mazan da suka yi jima'i da maza tun daga 1977 sun fi saurin kamuwa da kwayar cutar HIV fiye da matsakaicin yawan mutane, sau 60 sun fi masu ba da tallafi na farko. , kuma sau 800 ya fi sau da yawa fiye da maimaitawa masu bayarwa.^[12]

Saboda yawan haɗarin kamuwa da cutar HIV da sauran cututtukan, a kasashe da dama, har ma da mafi yawan haƙuri, akwai ƙuntatawa har zuwa cikakken dakatar da jini, nama da gudummawar kwayoyin da maza ke yin saduwa da luwaɗan. Waɗannan ƙuntatawa kuma suna shafar matan da suka yi jima'i da MSM.

A cewar shahararren mai fafutukar neman 'yar madigo Camilla Pali, "A Yammacin duniya, duk da tsananin farfaganda da akasin haka, cutar kanjamau cuta ce ta 'yan luwadi kuma za ta ci gaba da kasancewa nan gaba.".^[13]

Marubucin ɗan luwaɗi kuma ɗan gwagwarmayar cutar kanjamau Larry Kramer ya ce a cikin mujallar ɗan kishili The Advocate:

“Cutar kanjamau a tsakanin mazinata bata shiga ko'ina. Mun canza, amma bai isa ba, sabili da haka kamuwa da cuta yana ci gaba da kasancewa mai zurfi sosai. Dukkanin kokarinmu na ilimi, "jima'i mai lafiya" da canje-canjen halaye ba su isa ba don kare yawan gay daga lalata ... Abin baƙin ciki, ya kasance mai magana ne, ba hujja ba ne, cewa mu kanmu mun kawo kanjamau ta kanmu ta hanyar inganta wannan hanyar rayuwa. Ba za ku iya fuck tare da abokan hulɗa da yawa waɗanda suke yin daidai ba tare da yada cutar ba, wanda shekaru da yawa sun yi muni. Yanayi koyaushe yana biyan kuɗi don izinin jima'i ... Amma ba wanda ke magana da ƙarfi, a sarari kuma ba tare da tsayawa ba: Dakatar da aiki kamar baƙar fata. Fara farawa kamar manya. Koda a cikin mafi kyawun lokuta, dattijo ba zai buga wasan Rasha ba .. ** Dole ne mu ƙirƙiri sabon al'adu wanda bazai iyakance haka ba kuma ya mai da hankali kan tsinkayewar abubuwan da muke aikatawa tare da alkalami da abin da muke yi da su. " (Larry Kramer, "Jima'i da Babban Laifi," Mai gabatar da kara, 1997)

Bayanan kula

[1] Jeffrey Satinover. Liwadi da Siyasa na Gaskiya... - Littattafan Baker, 1996-02-01. - 424 p. - ISBN 9781441212931.

[2] Paul Van de Ven, Pamela Rodden, Yuni Crawford, Susan Kippax.Rarraba alƙaluma da bayanin jima'i na mazan da suka taɓa yin luwadi // Jaridar Nazarin Ilimin Jima'i. - 1997-01-01. - T. 34, a'a. 4. - S. 349 - 360.

[3] Malcolm Gladwell.Maƙasudin Haske: Yadda Thingsananan Abubuwan Za Su Iya Ba da Babban bambanci. - Little, Brown, 2006-11-01. - 182 sec. - ISBN 9780759574731

[4] CDC: Rahoton Bincike na HIV, vol. 27 - 28

[5] Brian W. Ward, James M. Dahlhamer, Adena M. Galinsky, Sarah S. Joestl.Tsarin Jima'i da lafiya a tsakanin tsofaffi na Amurka: binciken tambayoyin lafiyar lafiyar ƙasa, 2013 // Rahoton Kididdiga na Kiwon Lafiya na Kasa. - 2014-07-15. - kundi 77. - S. 1 - 10. - ISSN 2164-8344.

[6] Faɗakarwar bayyananniyar cutar a cikin EU / EEA. Isar da sabis na PREP da saka idanu: ƙarancin ƙa'idodi da ƙa'idodi masu mahimmanci (2018

[7]  Sonya S. Brady, Alex Iantaffi, Dylan L. Galos, BR Simon Rosser. Bude, rufe, ko a Tsakanin: Tsarin Haɓaka Dangantaka da Amfani da kwaroron roba a tsakanin Mazajen da ke Amfani da Intanet don Neman Yin jima'i da Maza // cutar kanjamau da halayya. - 2013-5. - T. 17, a'a. 4. - S. 1499 - 1514

[8] Christopher H. Rosik. Tushen Motsa Jiki, icalabi'a, da isan Asali a cikin Jiyya na Samun erowararrun Homoerotic (Eng.) // Labarin Aure da Aure na Iyali. - 2003. - kundi 29, iss. 1. - P. 13 - 28.

[9] Yawan Jama'a na Musamman - 2015 Jagoran Maganin STD

[10] Stephen E. Goldstone. Ins da Outs na Jima'i: Littafin Jagora na Maza... 1999 - a'a. 1. - P. 21 - ISBN: 0440508460

[11] Brandon C. Yarns, Janet M. Abrams, Thomas W. Meeks, Daniel D. Sewell.Lafiya Jiki na Tsoffi LGBT // Rahotan Hankali na Yanzu. - 2016-6. - T. 18, a'a. 6. - P. 60

[12] Gudummawar Jini daga Mazajen da ke Yin Jima'i tare da Wasu Mazaje Tambayoyi da Amsoshi. gidan yanar gizo.archive.org (Xunar 27 2013)

[13] Camille Paglia. Vamps & Tramps: Sabbin Labarai. - Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group, 2011-08-31. - 562 sec.

[14] Larry Kramer, "Jima'i da Sanadi, ”Advocate, 1997