ainihin abin da aka sani daga bincike:
Lusarshe daga ilimin halitta, ilimin halayyar dan adam

Dr. Paul McHugh, MD - Shugaban Sashin ilimin hauka a Jami'ar Johns Hopkins, fitaccen malamin hauka na shekarun da suka gabata, mai bincike, malami kuma malami.
 Dr. Lawrence Meyer, MB, MS, Ph.D. - Masanin kimiyya a Sashen ilimin halin ƙwaƙwalwa a Jami'ar Johns Hopkins, malami a Jami'ar Jihar Arizona, ƙwararren masani, masanin kwayar cuta, masanin ci gaba, bincike da fassarar bayanan hadaddun gwaji da lura a fagen kiwon lafiya da magani.

Takaitawa

A cikin 2016, manyan masana kimiyya biyu daga Jami'ar Bincike ta Johns Hopkins sun buga wata takarda da ke taƙaita dukkanin samfuran nazarin halittu, halayyar mutum da na zamantakewar al'umma a fagen yanayin jima'i da asalin jinsi. Marubutan, waɗanda ke ba da goyon baya ga daidaito kuma suke adawa da wariyar LGBT, suna fatan bayanin da aka bayar zai iya ƙarfafa likitoci, masana kimiyya da 'yan ƙasa - dukkanmu - don magance matsalolin kiwon lafiya da al'ummomin LGBT ke fuskanta a cikin al'ummarmu. 

Wasu mahimman binciken rahoton:

SASHE NA I. GUDA UKU 

• Fahimtar yanayin jima'i a matsayin wata ƙasa, ma'ana ta fuskar rayuwa da tsayayyen halayen - ra'ayin cewa mutane "an haife su ta wannan hanyar" - ba su sami tabbaci a cikin kimiyya ba. 

• Duk da hujjojin da ke nuna cewa abubuwan da suka shafi halitta irinsu kwayoyin halittar jiki suna da alaƙa da halayen jima'i da sha'awar, babu wani tabbataccen bayani game da abubuwan da ke haifar da halayyar mutum. Duk da bambance-bambance marasa ƙaranci a cikin tsarin kwakwalwa da aiki tsakanin ɗan kishili da waɗanda aka gano a sakamakon bincike, irin waɗannan bayanan cututtukan neurobiological ba su nuna ko waɗannan bambance-bambancen na asali ba ne ko kuma sakamakon abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli da halayyar ɗan adam. 

• Karatuttukan shekarun haihuwa na matasa sun nuna cewa tsarin jima’i na iya zama mai canzawa sosai yayin rayuwar wasu mutane; kamar yadda bincike daya nuna, game da 80% na samari da ke ba da rahoton abubuwan hawa guda-ɗaya ba su maimaita wannan ba lokacin da suka manyanta. 

• Idan aka kwatanta da kwayoyin, heterosexuals sau biyu zuwa uku sun fi fuskantar matsalar lalata yara.

KASHI NA II MULKI, SIFFOFIN CIKIN MULKI DA KYAUTA 

Idan aka kwatanta da na jama'a gaba daya, masu yawan biyun ba maza ne ke cikin hadarin kamuwa da cututuka iri daban-daban na lafiyar gaba daya da na kwakwalwa. 

• Hadarin damuwa na rashin damuwa a cikin mambobi na yawan mutanen da ba mazajen maza ke da alaƙa sun kai kusan sau 1,5 sama da na membobin maza; haɗarin ɓacin rai yana kusan lokutan 2, haɗarin amfani da abu shine lokutan 1,5 kuma haɗarin kisan kai kusan sau 2,5 ne. 

• Membobin yawan yan transgender suma suna cikin hadarin gaske ga ire-iren matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa fiye da wakilan yawan waɗanda basu da izini. Musamman bayanan masu ba da tsoro da aka samo game da matakin ƙoƙarin kisan kai a cikin rayuwar rayuwar transgender na kowane zamani, wanda shine 41% idan aka kwatanta da ƙasa da 5% na jimlar Amurka. 

• gwargwadon samuwa, albeit iyaka, hujja, matsawar zamantakewa, gami da nuna banbanci da kyama, ƙara haɗarin sakamakon rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa tsakanin al'umman da ba maza da maza ba. Ana buƙatar ƙarin ingantaccen bincike mai zurfi don yin "samfurin damuwa na zamantakewa" kayan aiki mai mahimmanci don fahimtar matsalolin lafiyar jama'a.

KASHI NA III MAGANIN NAN 

• Tunanin cewa asalin mace ko namiji mace-mace ce, haihuwa ce ta mutum wacce ba ta dogara da jima'i ba (cewa mutum na iya zama “wani mutumin da ke makaɗe da jikin mace”) ko kuma “mace macen da ke jikin mutumin” ba shi da shaidar kimiyya. 

• Dangane da ƙididdigar kwanan nan, kusan 0,6% na manya na Amurka suna gano tare da jinsi wanda bai dace da jinsi na ilimin halittarsu ba. 

Studies Binciken kwatankwacin tsarin kwakwalwar dan adam na transgender da wadanda ba shi da transgender sun nuna rauni mai rauni tsakanin tsarin kwakwalwa da kuma nuna bambancin jinsi. Waɗannan ka'idoji ba su ba da shawarar cewa nuna bambancin jinsi ya zama ya danganta da abubuwan da ke haifar da ƙwayoyin cuta ba. 

• Idan aka kwatanta da yawan jama'a, tsofaffi wadanda suka yiwa tiyata-gyara tiyata har yanzu suna da haɗarin cutar lafiyar kwakwalwa. Kamar yadda binciken daya nuna, idan aka kwatanta da ƙungiyar sarrafawa, mutanen da suka canza jima'i suna da niyyar yin kisan kai a kusan lokutan 5, kuma da alama mutuwa ta mutu sakamakon kisan kai shine kusan lokutan 19. 

An yara babban al'amari ne game da jinsi. Ityan yara kaɗan da ke da shaidar gatanci tsakanin mata da maza. 

• Akwai karancin shaidar kimiyya game da darajar maganin warkewa wanda ke jinkirta lokacin balaga ko canza halayen jima'i na samari, duk da cewa wasu yara na iya inganta yanayin tunanin su, idan har suka sami kwarin gwiwa da tallafi a cikin yanayin gano jinsin su. Babu wata hujja cewa ya kamata a ƙarfafa mutanen da ke da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar jinsi ko halayen halayen.

Gabatarwar

Ba zai yiwu ba cewa za a sami batutuwa da yawa da za a iya daidaita su a cikin rikitarwa da rashin daidaituwa tare da tambayoyi game da yanayin jima'i da asalin mutum. Wadannan tambayoyin suna shafar tunaninmu da kuma sirrinmu masu yawa kuma suna taimakawa wajen ayyana kowa a matsayin mutum kuma memba na al'umma. Tattaunawa kan batutuwan da suka shafi dabi'un da suka danganci koyarwar jima'i da asalin jinsi yana da zafi, kuma mahalarta taron sun zama masu son kai, kuma matsalolin da suka dace a matakin jihohi suna haifar da sabani. Masu halartar tattaunawa, 'yan jaridu, da' yan majalisa sukan ambaci tabbataccen shaidar kimiyya, kuma a cikin labarai, kafofin watsa labarun, da da'irorin kafofin watsa labaru, muna jin sauye-sauyen maganganu waɗanda "kimiyya ke faɗi" game da wannan.

Wannan takarda ta gabatar da takaitaccen nazari game da cikakkun bayanai na zamani na adadi mai yawa na sakamako na ilimin kimiyya, ilimin halayyar mutum da zamantakewa dangane da yanayin jima'i da asalin jinsin mata. Muna la’akari da adadi mai yawa na wallafe-wallafen kimiyya a fannoni daban-daban. Muna ƙoƙarin yin la’akari da iyakokin bincike kuma ba za mu iya yankewa kan wanda zai iya haifar da fassarar bayanan kimiyya ba. Sakamakon yawaitar rikice-rikice da rashin daidaituwa a cikin wallafe-wallafen, ba wai kawai za mu bincika bayanan ƙasa ba ne, har ma mu bincika matsalolin ra'ayi. Wannan rahoto, duk da haka, ba ya magance batutuwan ɗabi'a da ɗabi'a; mu mai da hankali kan binciken kimiyya da abin da suka nuna ko ba su nuna ba.

A Sashe na I, zamu fara da cikakken bincike game da abubuwan da suka shafi rayuwar mutum kamar maza, maza da mata, da kuma jinsi, tare da yin la’akari da yadda suke nuna yanayin mutum, da canji, da kuma halayen mutum na rayuwa. Tare da wasu tambayoyi a wannan bangare, mun juya zuwa ga lafazin hasashe “ana samun irin waɗannan”, wanda mutum ke da halin daidaituwa game da jima'i; Mun bincika tabbacin wannan hypothesis a wasu rassa na kimiyyar halitta. Muna bincika asalin samowar jima'i, matsayin wanda korar jima'i zata iya canzawa akan lokaci, da kuma matsalolin da suka hada da haɗawar jima'i cikin asalin jima'i. Dangane da sakamakon tagwaye da sauran karatuttukan, muna nazarin kwayoyin halitta, yanayin muhalli da abubuwan haɓaka. Mun kuma bincika wasu sakamakon binciken kimiyya waɗanda suka danganci ilimin kwakwalwar mutum tare da jagorancin jima'i.

Kashi na II ya gabatar da bincike game da nazarin dogaro da matsalolin rashin lafiyar kan abinda ya shafi jima'i da asalin jinsin mata. Tsakanin 'yan madigo, mazaje, masu ƙyalli da masu wuce gona da iri, akwai haɗarin mafi girma koyaushe yana raunana lafiyar jiki da ta hankali idan aka kwatanta da yawan jama'a. Irin waɗannan matsalolin kiwon lafiya sun haɗa da damuwa, damuwa, shaye-shaye kuma, mafi haɗari, ƙara haɗarin kashe kansa. Misali, a Amurka, 41% na yawan transgender yayi ƙoƙarin kashe kansa, wanda ya ninka sau goma sama da na yawan jama'a. Mu - likitoci, malamai da masana kimiyya - mun yi imanin cewa duk ci gaba da tattaunawa a cikin wannan aikin yakamata a gudanar da shi dangane da matsalolin lafiyar jama'a.

Mun kuma bincika wasu daga cikin ra'ayoyin da aka gabatar don bayyana waɗannan bambance-bambance a cikin yanayin kiwon lafiya, gami da samfurin yanayin damuwa. Wannan hasashe, bisa ga wane ne mai sanya damuwa kamar tozartawa da son zuciya sune musabbabin ƙarin halayen wahala irin waɗannan ƙasashen, ba su bayyana cikakkiyar bambancin matakan haɗari ba.

Idan wani ɓangare na gabatar da bincike game da zato cewa ra'ayin jima'i ba ya yiwuwa ne saboda dalilan ƙwayoyin halitta, to, ɗayan ɓangarorin ɓangaren ɓangare na III suna tattauna batutuwa masu kama da juna game da shaidar jinsi. Jinsin halitta (nau'ikan mata da maza) yanki ne mai tabbatacciyar dabi'ar ɗan adam, kodayake la'akari da cewa wasu mutane da ke fama da matsalar ci gaban jima'i suna nuna halaye na jima'i. Akasin haka, asalin jinsi ra'ayi ne na ilimin halayyar ɗan adam wanda ba shi da cikakkiyar ma'ana, kuma ƙaramin adadin bayanan kimiyya ya nuna cewa wannan asalin halitta ce, mai iya canza canji.

Kashi na III kuma ya nazarci gyaran jinsi da bayanai kan ingancinta don rage matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa da ke damun mutane da yawa da aka gano su azaman masu wuce gona da iri. Idan aka kwatanta da yawan jama'a, mutanen transgender waɗanda suka canza jima'i ta hanyar tiyata suna da babban haɗarin raunana lafiyar kwakwalwa.

Babban abin damuwa shine batun shigar da magunguna don raba aure tsakanin mata da maza da ba sa bin maza. Andari da yawa marasa lafiya suna yin gwaje-gwajen da ke taimaka musu karɓar jinsi da suke ji, har ma da jijiyoyin horon da tiyata tun suna da shekaru. Koyaya, yawancin yara waɗanda asalinsu bai dace da jinsin su ba na halitta zai canza wannan asalin yayin da suka girma. Muna damuwa da damuwa game da zalunci da rikice-rikice na wasu shisshigi waɗanda aka tattauna a fili cikin al'umma kuma suna amfani da yara.

Jima'i na jima'i da asalin jinsi ba su ba da kansu ga cikakken bayanin ka'idojin ra'ayi. Akwai banbanci mai girma tsakanin amincewa wanda ra'ayoyi game da waɗannan ra'ayoyin ke tallafawa, da abin da ke buɗewa tare da ingantaccen tsarin kimiyya. Da muke fuskantar irin wannan mawuyacin hali da rashin tabbas, dole ne mu kara nazarin abin da muka sani da wanda bai sani ba. Mun fahimci cewa wannan aikin ba cikakken bayani ba ne game da al'amuran da ta shafi, kuma ba ingantacciya ba ce. Babu wata hanyar da kimiyya ce kadai hanyar da za a iya fahimtar wadannan matsaloli masu rikitarwa da rikice-rikice masu yawa - akwai wasu hanyoyin na hikima da ilimi, gami da zane-zane, addini, falsafa da gogewar rayuwa. Bugu da kari, ilimin kimiyya da yawa a wannan fannin ba tukuna yaduba. Duk da komai, muna fatan cewa wannan bita na wallafe-wallafen kimiyya zai taimaka wajen samar da tsari na kowa don ingantacciyar magana da fadakarwa a fagen siyasa, kwararru da kimiyya, kuma cewa da taimakonmu mu, a matsayinmu na 'yan kasa, za mu iya yin komai don rage wahala da inganta kiwon lafiya. da wadatar dan Adam.

SASHE NA 1 - Tsarin Jima'i

Duk da yawancin imanin da aka yarda cewa halayyar jima'i dabi'a ce ta rayuwa, ba ta canzawa, kuma dabi'ar mutum, cewa kowa - magada, 'yan luwadi da bisexuals - "an haife su ta wannan hanyar," wannan bayanin bashi da goyan bayan isasshen shaidar kimiyya. A zahiri, ainihin manufar jan hankali yana da matukar matsala; yana iya danganta da halayen ɗabi'a, zuwa jin abin sha'awa da kuma ma'anar asali. Sakamakon nazarin cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan, an sami dangantaka mai ƙaranci tsakanin abubuwan da suka shafi halittar jini da abubuwan jima'i da halaye, amma ba a sami mahimman bayanai waɗanda ke nuna takamaiman kwayoyin ba. Hakanan akwai tabbaci na wasu maganganu game da abubuwan da ke haifar da ɗabi'ar ɗan luwaɗi, jawo hankalinsu da asalinsu, alal misali, game da tasirin homon a cikin haɓakar intrauterine, duk da haka, waɗannan bayanan suna da iyaka. Sakamakon binciken kwakwalwa, an sami wasu bambance-bambance tsakanin 'yan luwadi da madigo, amma ba zai yiwu a tabbatar da cewa waɗannan bambance-bambancen na asali ba ne, kuma ba a ƙirƙirar su ƙarƙashin rinjayar abubuwan muhalli na waje akan halaye na tunani da halayen neurobiological ba. An samo daidaituwa tsakanin asalin mace-mace da kuma ɗayan abubuwan da ke waje, wato azabtarwa sakamakon cin zarafin yara, sakamakon abin da za'a iya gani a cikin mafi yawan tasirin cutar rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa a cikin yawan mutanen da ba masu magana da cuta ba idan aka kwatanta da yawan jama'a. Gabaɗaya, bayanan da aka samo suna nuna wasu bambance bambancen a cikin nau'ikan sha'awar jima'i da halayyar - sabanin ra'ayin da ke cewa "an haifi waɗannan", wanda ba sauƙaƙe sauƙaƙawar yanayin abubuwan jima'i na ɗan adam. 

karanta SASHE NA I (PDF, shafukan 50)

KASHI NA II - Jima'i, Lafiyar Jiki da Damuwar Rayuwa

Idan aka kwatanta da yawan jama'a, ƙungiyoyin da ba na maza da mata ba ke da maza da ƙabilar cuta suna da ƙima na matsalolin lafiyar kwakwalwa kamar damuwa da damuwa, rashin jin daɗi da kashe kansa, da kuma halayyar halayya da zamantakewa, gami da shaye-shaye da zalunci ga abokin tarawa. Mafi kyawun bayanin wannan abin da ya faru a cikin wallafe-wallafen kimiyya shine samfurin damuwa na zamantakewar al'umma, wanda bisa ga abin da ake ɗaukar matsa lamba na abin da membobin waɗannan ƙananan hukumomi ke ciki - abin ƙiyayya da wariya - sune ke da alhakin haifar da sakamako mara kyau ga lafiyar hankali. Bincike ya nuna cewa, duk da bayyananniyar tasirin mahaɗa a cikin zamantakewar jama'a game da ƙara haɗarin ci gaba da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa a cikin waɗannan alummomin, galibi basu da cikakken alhakin wannan rashin daidaituwa.

karanta SASHE NA II  (PDF, shafukan 32)

KASHI NA III - Sirrin jinsi

An bayyana manufar jima'i na halitta akan tushen ayyukan mata da maza dangane da haifuwa. A akasin wannan, manufar jinsi ba shi da ma'anar bayyananniya. Ana amfani dashi galibi don bayyana halaye da halaye na tunani waɗanda galibi halayyar jinsi ɗaya suke. An gano wasu mutane cikin jinsi wanda bai dace da jinsi na halitta ba. A halin yanzu ba a fahimci dalilan wannan shaidar. Yana bincika bincike ko daidaikun mutane masu fasikanci suna da wasu halaye na zahiri ko kuma abubuwan da suka yi kama da na jima'i, kamar tsarin kwakwalwa ko tasirin hormonal na atypical, ba a fahimtarsu. Jinjinin jinsi - ma'anar rashin daidaituwa tsakanin jima'i na mutum da jinsi, tare da raunin asibiti ko nakasa - ana wasu lokuta ana kulawa da shi a cikin manya tare da homonon ko tiyata, amma akwai ƙarancin shaidar kimiyya cewa waɗannan hanyoyin warkewa suna da tasirin tunani. Kamar yadda ilimin kimiyya ya nuna, matsalolin bayyanar jinsi a cikin yara yawanci basa ci gaba cikin samartaka da balagaggu, kuma ƙaramin shaidar kimiyya ta tabbatar da fa'idodin likita na jinkirta lokacin balaga. Mun damu da haɓakar haɓaka da yara masu matsalar ainihi suka canza zuwa jinsi da aka zaɓa ta hanyar warkewa sannan kuma hanyoyin aikin tiyata. Akwai matukar bukatar karin bincike a wannan fannin.

karanta SASHE NA III (PDF, shafukan 29)

GUDAWA

Cikakken, sakamakon bincike na iya haifuwa kuma zai iya shafar shawarwarinmu da kwarewarmu kuma a lokaci guda suna jan magana tsakanin mutane, gami da sabani tsakanin al'adu da siyasa. Idan binciken ya tattauna batutuwa masu rikitarwa, yana da mahimmanci musamman a sami ingantaccen ma'anar ainihin abin da kimiyya ta gano da kuma abin da ba shi ba. A kan hadaddun al'amura masu rikitarwa game da yanayin jima'in ɗan adam, akwai mafi kyawun yarjejeniya na kimiyya; abu dayawa ba'a san shi ba, saboda jima'i wani bangare ne mai matukar rikitarwa a rayuwar dan adam, wanda yake hamayya da kokarinmu na gano dukkan bangarorinsa da kuma yin nazarin su da cikakken kwatancen.

Koyaya, ga tambayoyin da suka fi sauƙi wajan gudanar da bincike, alal misali, kan ƙayyadaddun ƙwarewar lafiyar kwakwalwa a cikin takaddun ƙananan ƙananan abubuwan jima'i, binciken har yanzu suna ba da wasu tabbatattun amsoshi: waɗannan ƙananan halayen sun nuna matakin rashin ƙarfi, damuwa, amfani da abubuwa da kashe kansa idan aka kwatanta da tare da yawan jama'a. Hyaya daga cikin hypothesis - samfurin damuwa na zamantakewa - yana bayar da hujjar cewa rashin hankali, nuna wariya, da wariya sune ainihin abubuwan da ke haifar da karuwar ƙarancin matsalolin rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa ga waɗannan ƙananan yarukan, kuma ana yawan ambata a matsayin wata hanya don bayyana wannan bambancin. Misali, marasa-magana da jama'a da kuma transgender mutane ana fuskantar matsananciyar damuwa da wariyar al'umma, duk da haka, ilimin kimiyya bai tabbatar da cewa waɗannan abubuwan kawai ke iya yanke hukunci gaba ɗaya, ko aƙalla galibi, bambance-bambance a yanayin kiwon lafiya tsakanin ƙananan maganganun gado da masu ba da izini da kuma manyan jama'a. Ana buƙatar bincike mai zurfi a wannan yanki don gwada hasashen damuwa na zamantakewar al'umma da sauran cikakkun bayanai ga bambance-bambancen halin kiwon lafiya, kazalika da nemo hanyoyin magance matsalolin kiwon lafiya a cikin waɗannan ƙananan yarukan.

Wasu daga cikin abubuwanda aka yarda dasu game da koyarwar jima'i, alal misali, hasashen "ana haihuwar hakan ne," kimiyya ce kawai bata goyi bayan su. A cikin ayyuka a kan wannan batun, ƙarancin bambance-bambance na ƙabilanci tsakanin wadanda ba heterosexuals da heterosexuals an kwatanta su da gaske, amma waɗannan bambance-bambance na ilimin halittu basu isa ba hango hasashen yanayin jima'i, wanda shine babban gwaji na kowane sakamakon kimiyya. Daga cikin bayanin yadda aka gabatar da jima'i ta hanyar kimiyya, mafi kyawun bayani kamar haka: wasu dalilai na ilimin halittu har zuwa wani lokaci suna sa wasu mutane zuwa ga yanayin rashin jima'i.

Zato cewa “wadannan an haifesu” sun fi wahala a shafi asalin jinsin mata. A wata hanya, gaskiyar cewa an haife mu da wani jinsi ne ta hanyar abin lura kai tsaye: an gano yawancin maza suna maza ne, kuma yawancin mata a matsayin mata. Gaskiyar cewa yara (tare da banbancin abubuwan hermaphrodites) an haife su ta hanyar namiji ko mace na jima'i ba a tattauna ba. Jima'i na rayuwar halitta suna taka rawa ta haihuwa, kuma akwai bambance-bambance na ilimin kimiya da na hankali tsakanin maza da mata akan ma'aunin yawan jama'a. Koyaya, yayin da jinsi na kayan halitta wata dabi'a ce ta mutum, ainihi jinsi sabanin ra'ayi ne mai rikitarwa.

Idan aka yi la’akari da wallafe-wallafen kimiyya, sai ya zama cewa kusan babu abin da ake fahimta gaba ɗaya idan muka yi ƙoƙarin yin bayani game da abin da ya shafi ilimin ɗan adam dalilan da ke haifar da wasu su yi jayayya cewa asalin jinsinsu bai dace da jinsi ba. Game da sakamakon da aka samu, ana yin maganganu akansu akansu yayin tattara samfurin, a ƙari, ba sa yin la'akari da canje-canje a cikin lokaci kuma ba su da ikon bayani. Ana buƙatar ingantaccen bincike don ƙayyade yadda zaku iya taimakawa wajen rage matakan matsalolin lafiyar tunani da haɓaka wayar da kan masu halarta a cikin tattauna batutuwan da ke da rauni a wannan fannin.

Koyaya, duk da rashin tabbas na kimiyya, ana tsara matakan tsaka-tsaki masu tsaruwa ga marasa lafiya waɗanda suka bayyana kansu ko kuma an gano su azaman transgenders. Wannan yana da matukar damuwa a yanayin da yara suka zama irin wannan marasa lafiya. A cikin rahotannin hukuma, mun sami bayanai game da shirye-shiryen aikin likita da tiyata ga yara da yawa waɗanda shekarunsu suka fi so, waɗanda wasu daga cikinsu shekarunsu shida ne, da kuma sauran hanyoyin warkewa don yara daga shekara biyu. Mun yi imani cewa babu wanda ke da 'yancin tantance asalin ɗan mace na ɗan shekaru biyu. Muna da shakku kan yadda masanan kimiyya suka fahimci ma'anar haɓaka jinsi game da jinsi na ɗan yaro, amma, ba tare da la'akari da wannan ba, muna da matukar damuwa cewa waɗannan jiyya, hanyoyin warkewa da kuma ayyukan tiyata ba su dace da tsananin damuwa ba, wanda waɗannan matasa suna ƙwarewa, kuma, a kowane hali, basu cika haihuwa ba, tunda yawancin yaran da suka bayyana jininsu a matsayin sabanin jima'i na ɗabi'unsu, sun zama manya, sun ƙi wannan shaidar. Kari akan wannan, babu isasshen binciken da aka bada tabbacin tasirin irin wannan taimakon na dogon lokaci. Muna jan hankali akan wannan lamarin.

A cikin wannan rahoton, munyi kokarin gabatar da tsarin karatun ta hanyar da zai iya zama sanannen mahalli, ciki harda masana da sauran masu karatu. Duk mutane - masana kimiyya da likitoci, iyaye da malamai, 'yan majalisa da masu fafutuka - suna da damar samun cikakken bayanai game da yanayin jima'i da asalin jinsi. Duk da yawancin rikice-rikice a cikin halin ƙungiyarmu game da membobin ƙungiyar LGBT, babu wani ra'ayi na siyasa ko al'adu da zai iya kawo cikas ga binciken da fahimtar abubuwan da suka shafi kiwon lafiya da al'amuran kiwon lafiya na jama'a da samar da taimako ga mutanen da ke fama da matsalolin rashin hankalin, mai yiwuwa saboda jima'i. ainihi.

Ayyukanmu suna ba da shawarar wasu kwatancen don binciken nan gaba a cikin ilimin kimiyyar, ilimin halayyar mutum da na zamantakewa. Ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike don gano musabbabin ƙaruwar matakan matsalolin rashin hankalin a cikin ƙananan rukunin LGBT. Misalin damuwar jama'a, wanda galibi akafi amfani dashi a bincike akan wannan batun, ana buƙatar haɓaka, kuma, mafi mahimmanci, ƙarin maganganun. Bugu da kari, halaye na ci gaba da canje-canje a sha'awar jima'i a duk tsawon rayuwa, galibi, ba a fahimta da kyau. Binciken ƙwarewa na iya taimaka mana fahimtar dangantakar, lafiyar jima'i, da kuma batun lafiyar hankali.

'Zargi da takara daga bangarorin yanayin duka' 'an haife su kamar haka' '- maganganun biyu game da tabbacin ilimin halitta da kuma daidaitawar yanayin jima'i, da kuma sanarwa mai alaƙa game da' yancin ɗan adam wanda ya dace daga jima'i - ya ɗaga tambayoyi masu mahimmanci game da jima'i, halayen jima'i, jinsi, da mutum da zamantakewa fa'idodi daga sabon hangen nesa. Wasu daga cikin wadannan batutuwan sun fi karfin wannan aikin, amma wadanda muka yi la’akari da su sun nuna cewa akwai babbar banbanci tsakanin yawancin jawaban jama'a da abin da kimiyya ta gano.

Bincike mai zurfi da zurfafa, bincika sakamako mai kyau game da sakamakon zai iya ciyar da fahimtarmu game da jagorancin jima'i da asalin jinsi. Har yanzu akwai sauran aiki da tambayoyin da ba a sami amsa ba tukuna. Munyi kokarin haɓakawa da bayyana hadadden ɗaliban binciken kimiyya akan wasu daga cikin waɗannan batutuwa. Muna fatan wannan rahoto zai taimaka don ci gaba da bude tattaunawa game da jima'i da asalin ɗan adam. Muna tsammanin wannan rahoton zai haifar da daɗin rayuwa, kuma muna maraba da shi.

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