An karɓi rabin amsa ga wasiƙar 2018!

Saƙo don 2020: Kare ikon mallakar kimiyya da tsaron alƙaluma na Rasha

Kira na 2023 zuwa Murashko MA: https://pro-lgbt.ru/open-letter-to-the-minister-of-health/

Addressee:

Ministan Lafiya na Tarayyar Rasha
Mikhail Albertovich Murashko
127051 Moscow, St. Neglinnaya, 25, 3rd ƙofar, "Expedition"
info@rosminzdrav.ru
press@rosminzdrav.ru
Maraba da jama'a na Ma'aikatar Lafiya don aika wasika

Cibiyar Nazarin Ilimin Kimiyya ta Gwamnatin Tarayya da aka sanya wa suna V.P. Sabar »Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Rasha
119034, Moscow, Kropotkinskiy ta., 23
info@serbsky.ru

Shugaban ƙungiyar likitocin hauka na Rasha
Nikolay Grigorievich Neznanov
Societyungiyar chiwararrun likitocin Rasha
N. G. Neznanov
192019, St. Petersburg, ul. Ankylosing spondylitis, 3
sarzamin.ru

Shugaban Psyungiyar Halayyar Ilimin Rasha
Yuri Petrovich Zinchenko
Psyungiyar Ilimin Halayyar Ilimin Rasha
Yu.P. Zinchenko
125009 Moscow, st. Mokhovaya, d.11, p. 9
dek@psy.msu.ru

Kwafin sanarwa: masu karɓa da aka jera a ƙarshen takaddar

Mai aiko shi:

c. m. Lysov V.
mamba a kungiyar himmar al'umma
"Kimiyya don gaskiya"
kimiya4truth@yandex.ru

Ya ƙaunataccen Mikhail Albertovich, ƙaunataccen Nikolai Grigorievich, ƙaunataccen Yuri Petrovich.

Ina rokonka ka amsa wannan tambaya, da farko, daga matsayinka na mutane dangane da matsayin da ya dace, da ingantaccen ilimi da iko, sannan kuma daga matsayinka na kwararru masu kwarewa da suka kware a fagen ilimin halin dan Adam, ilimin halin dan Adam da ilimin halin dan Adam:

Shin ilimin halin ƙwaƙwalwa na zamani da ilimin halayyar mutum a cikin Tarayyar Rasha suna da ra'ayi game da dabi'ar sha'awar jima'i, wanda zai dace da ka'idar cikin gida, yanayin da al'adun?

Na yi imani da cewa a halin yanzu, a cikin tsarin kulawa na musamman game da rikice-rikicen jima'i a Rasha, ana lura da daidaituwa da zaɓi, saboda tasirin abin da ake kira "Mainstream" kimiyya. Musamman, ba a bayyane ba bisa ga abin da ƙididdiga a cikin ƙwararrun masaniyar ƙwararrun Rasha (Ina nufin ƙwararrun masu tabin hankali, masu ilimin halayyar ɗabi'a da masu tabin hankali), ba a la'akari da fifikon luwadi a matsayin cuta, kuma fasali irin su sha'awar jima'i zuwa abubuwan da ba su dace ba, yara ko dabbobi ana ɗaukar rikice-rikice na jima'i. tafiyarwa.

A ƙasa zan gabatar da batun a cikin faɗaɗa, tare da jigo da sharhi.

Bayan Fage zuwa Tambayar

Bayanin da aka ambata a sama - wanda yake a ganina, tsarin zaɓi da rashin ma'ana ga ma'anar rikice rikicewar jima'i - an samo asali ne daga bincike na aji na V (F) na Internationalungiyar Cutar Cutar ta Kasa ta sake dubawa ta 10 ta Healthungiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Duniya (daga nan ICD-10).

Magungunan Rasha sun canza zuwa ICD-10 daga 01.01.1999 na shekara bisa ga umarnin Ma'aikatar Lafiya No. 170 na 27.05.1997 na shekara.

Ya kamata a lura cewa a cikin Federationungiyar Tarayyar Rasha, kusan lokaci guda tare da gabatarwar ICD-10, littafin likitancin asibiti "Matsayi don ganewar asali da kuma lura da rikice-rikice na halayyar mutum da halayyarku", an inganta ta. V.N. Krasnova da prof. I. Ya. Gurovich. Wannan jagorar ta samar da ingantaccen ma'ana ta daidaiton halin jima'i da matsalar rashin jima'i:

"Sharuɗɗan halayen jima'i sune: haɗe ɗaya, da namiji, balaga na abokan tarayya, sadaukar da kai na sadarwar, sha'awar yarjejeniya, rashin lalacewar jiki da halin kirki ga lafiyar abokan hulɗa da sauran mutane. Rashin sha'awar jima'i yana nufin kowane karkacewa ga al'ada a cikin halayen jima'i, ba tare da la'akari da abubuwan bayyanarsa da yanayinsa ba, tsananin haɗari da abubuwan etiological. Wannan manufar ta hada da duka rikice-rikice ta fuskar karkatar da tsarin rayuwa, da kuma ka'idojin kiwon lafiya ”¹.

Ma'auni na al'adar jima'i a zamaninmu: haɗin kai, jima'i, jima'i balagagge, sadarwar son rai da sha'awar kiyaye shi, rashin lalacewar jiki da halin kirki ga kansa da sauransu. Daidaitawar gano kai, da kuma halayen jima'i da zamantakewa, zuwa jima'i na halitta, nau'i da shekarun mutum. Karɓar jima'i yana nufin duk wani kaucewa daga al'adar jima'i, ba tare da la'akari da bayyanarsa da yanayinsa, tsanani da abubuwan da ke faruwa ba. Wannan ra'ayi ya ƙunshi duka sabani daga ƙa'idodin zamantakewa da kuma ƙa'idodin likita.

Ma'anar "Kimiyya don Gaskiya" 2023

Duk da haka, bisa tsari Ma'aikatar Lafiya A'a. 1042 ta 13.12.2012 jagorar asibiti na sama “An ba da damar yin amfani da gwaje-gwajen asibiti da kuma gano cuta da halayyar mutum”.², wato, an cire ka'idodin halayen jima'i da matsalar rashin jima'i .. Dangane da haka, tare da 13.12.2012 a cikin ilimin halin ƙwaƙwalwar Rasha, kusancin marubutan ICD-10 ya shafi rikice-rikice na zaɓi na jima'i.

Abubuwan rikice-rikice a cikin tsarin ICD-10

A cikin ICD-10, an bayyana cewa:

«da kanta Ba a la'akari da daidaito tsakanin jinsi ya zama cuta»³.

ICD-10 bai ba da ma'anar ma'anar ma'anar "daidaituwar jima'i ba". Koyaya, ana iya kammalawa daga rubutun ICD-10 cewa "[daidaituwar jima'i]" yana nufin sabon abu daidai ga "zaɓi na [jima'i]". Misali, a cikin sakin layi “F66.1x Egodistonic fuskantan Jima'i” an ambace shi:

"... son jima'i ...»⁴.

Kuma a cikin sakin layi na "F65 Rashin yarda da Jima'i" an ambaci cewa:

«... matsaloli masu alaƙa da fuskantarwar jinsi [koma zuwa F66.-] ...»⁵.

Amfani da kalmar "fuskantarwa" a cikin ilimin ilimin kimiya da ilimin ilimin halittar mutum wani lamari ne da ya shiga zurfin ilimin halin dan adam na gida da ilimin kimiya na dan lokaci kadan, a cikin 1990. A bugu na biyu na kamus din, furofesoshi A.V. Petrovsky da M.G. Yaroshevsky "daidaituwa" an bayyana shi azaman:

"Gabatar da tunanin jima'i da motsin rai"⁶.

Don haka, bisa ga dabarar marubuta na ICD-10, duka "daidaituwa" da "jan hankali" suna nuna fifiko, jigilar jin daɗin jima'i, yayin da "jan hankali" yana nufin bambancin fifiko na jima'i dangane da jinsi.

Sabili da haka, ma'anar daga ICD-10

«Ba a ɗauki ra'ayin jinsi kaɗai ba cuta ba»

m ga masu zuwa:

«son jima'i shi kaɗai ba za'a ɗauki cuta ba".

Furtherarin gaba, a ƙarƙashin taken, "F65 Rashin yarda da Jima'i," an bayyana pedophilia kamar haka:

«Jima'i zaɓi yara»⁷.

Haka kuma, a bangare guda, a cikin sakin layi F65.8 an nuna shi:

“Sauran nau'ikan halittu ana iya samun su. cin zarafin jima'i da kuma yin jima'i, kowannensu yana da wuya. Waɗannan sun haɗa da kiran waya mai banƙyama, taɓa mutane, da shafa su a wuraren jama'a don tashin hankali (i.e., frotting). tare da dabbobi; matsawa na jini ko ɓarnatarwa don haɓakar jima'i; fifiko ga abokan tarayya tare da kowane lahani na ilimin ɗan adamalal misali, tare da yanke hannu ... Wannan taken kuma ya hada necrophilia»⁸.

Don haka, bisa ga dabarar marubuta na ICD-10, sha'awar jima'i [fifiko], da nufin abu mai rai na jinsi daya kamar yadda ake jan hankali ("jan hankalin maza da mata"), "a cikin kanta ba la'akari a matsayin cuta ”, yayin da ma'anar jima'i take nufin abu mara kyau na ɗan kishiyar turanci tare da batun (mai yin jima'i batsa), a cikin kanta yana dauke a matsayin matsalar jima'i. Har ila yau, sha'awar jima'i da ake nufi da wani abu marar rai na kishiyar jinsin da ke da batun sha'awa ("mace-mace necrophilia") a cikin kansa cuta ce ta jima'i. Bugu da ƙari, sha'awar jima'i da ake nufi da wani abu mai rai na kishiyar jinsi tare da batun sha'awa, wanda ke da lahani, a cikin kansa matsala ce ta jima'i. Kuma, a ƙarshe, sha'awar jima'i da ake nufi da wani abu na nau'in halitta daban-daban da kuma kishiyar jinsi ga batun sha'awa ("masu jima'i") a cikin kansa matsala ce ta jima'i.

Wannan shi ne daidai yadda "dabaru" na ka'idojin da aka gabatar a Class V (F) na ICD-10 ya fito.

Sha'awar jima'i zuwa wani abu na jima'i akasi ya cika ka'idar halayen jima'i da aka bayar a cikin littafin kyanda na Krasnov da Gurovich (duba sama), wanda aka cire shi bisa umarnin Ma'aikatar Lafiya a cikin shekarar 2012.

Siffofin sha'awar jima'i - zuwa wani nau'in halittar halittar, jinsi, kayan mara ƙanƙanci, da sauransu - ba su cika waɗannan ka'idodi ba. Koyaya, ICD-10 saboda wasu dalilai suna bambanta sha'awar ɗan kishili daga nau'ikan jan hankali (jan hankali, wanda shine cuta) da se, duba F65.0, F65.4, F65.8), yana nuna hakan da se ba cuta ba.

A kan menene irin wannan zaɓi aka yarda? Irin wannan rarrabuwa mai ma'ana yana nuna cewa, idan aka kwatanta da sha'awar namiji, tsakanin sha'awar liwadi (bisa ƙa'idodin Krasnov da Gurovich da ke sama) da sauran nau'ikan karkatattu (bisa ga jagororin Krasnov da Gurovich da ke sama) akwai bambanci, sakamakon wanda jan hankalin ɗan kishili “wani yanayi ne na al'ada daidai yake da namiji. "

Menene bambanci?

Hankalin mace ɗan adam wani ɓangare ne na lafiyar ɗan adam, tunda halayyar halayen wannan ya jawo hankalin haihuwa - haihuwa shine muhimmiyar alama ta kiwon lafiya duka a jikin ongenetic da cututtukan fata.

Ya kamata a sani cewa ana samun rikicewar haihuwa a matsayin karkacewa da dabi'ar da Kungiyar Lafiya ta Duniya da kanta (ke biyun WHO):

"Rashin haihuwa shine gazawar jima'i mai aikiba amfani da maganin hana haihuwa ma'aurata cimma ciki cikin shekara guda "⁹.

Kuma rashin haihuwa ana bayyana shi kamar:

"Cutar cuta ta tsarin haihuwa, wanda aka bayyana a cikin rashin ciki na asibiti bayan 12 ko fiye da watanni na yau da kullun rayuwar jima'i ba tare da kariya daga ciki ba "¹⁰.

Babban Encyclopedia ɗin (bugu na uku da masana kimiyya Boris Vasilievich Petrovsky suka shirya) ya fassara "rayuwar jima'i" kamar haka:

"Gabaɗaya game da rayuwar yau da kullun, tunani da zamantakewa da dangantaka, wanda aka samo asali kuma daga abin da ake gamsar da sha'awar jima'i"¹¹.

Yana da ma'ana cewa kwararrun na WHO ba su ba da ƙarin halaye na ma'aurata da rayuwar jima'i daga ma'anonin da aka ambata a sama ba: ba tare da cewa ba, ta hanyar tsoho, muna nufin ma'aurata mutane da aikin jima'i tsakanin ɗab'in macce, tunda wannan ya yi daidai da ka'idodin ka'idoji na ilimin halitta da na ilimin mutum.

Don haka, daya daga cikin ka'idojin asali wadanda suke a fili rabuwa da dabi'un maza da mata, kuma a lokaci guda hadawa da dan kishili tare da jan hankali ga wasu abubuwa na dabi'a, abubuwan wani nau'in halittu masu rai, maras asali (da sauransu), shine yiwuwar haifuwa sakamakon haka ganin sha'awa a cikin hanyar coitus. Fahimtar jan hankalin mace-irin wacce take da alaƙa da alaƙar jima'i (alal misali, tsakanin al'amuran jinsi ɗaya ko na jinsuna daban) ban da ciki.

A matakin ongenetic, a takamaiman mutum mai sha'awar ɗan kishili, ana iya kiyaye yiwuwar haihuwa. Koyaya, a wannan yanayin, yuwuwar haihuwar ba ta da alaƙa da tabbatarwa da sha'awar jinsi ba. Wannan kuma ya sake jawo hankalin mutum ga dan luwadi da wasu nau'ikan jan hankalin wadanda ba namiji ba: a wasu kalmomin, damar haihuwar mutum ta hanyar jan hankali zuwa wani nau'in halittar halittu daban-daban, abubuwan mara kan gado, abubuwan da basu dace ba (da sauransu) kuma ana iya kiyaye su. Wannan gaskiyar ba hujja ba ce ta yarda da daidaituwa. «sha'awar jima'i» ga yara ko «mai da hankali ga wasu abubuwa marasa mahimmanci azaman kara kuzarin sha'awa». Don haka, ba za a sami hujja ba game da daidaituwar sha'awar jima'i zuwa abubuwan jinsi ɗaya.

Haka kuma, kamar yadda muka ambata a sama, ma'amala ta jima'i, bisa ma'anar Big Encyclopedia, ya dogara ne akan ma'aunin ilimin halayyar maza da mata:

"Yin jima'i (jima'i; ma'ana: ma'anar jima'i, rashin gamsuwa, son zuciya, ma'amala) tsari ne na jiki wanda ya fara daga lokacin da aka sanya azzakarin cikin farjinsa da kuma karewa da fitsari da inzali"¹².

Don haka ma'amala ta hanyar jima'i [wanda sha'awar jima'i ta gamsu, duba a sama] yana yiwuwa kawai Tsakanin maza biyu masu bala'in jima'i na mata da miji.

Farfesa Andrei Anatolyevich Tkachenko a cikin aikin shi ma ya ba da ma'anar yanayin jima'i dangane da ikon haihuwa da kuma karfin jituwa na halittar namiji da mace:

"Daga baya (Godlewski, 1977) an gabatar da manufar tsarin mutum, wanda ya jaddada bangarorin halittu. Dangane da waɗannan sharuɗɗan, waɗannan nau'ikan halayen jima'i na manya sun zama al'ada cewa: 1 don dalilai marasa tushe ba sa banbance ko iyakance yiwuwar yin jima'i-da ke haifar da haɗuwa; 2) ba a bayyanar da su ta hanyar dagewa don guje wa ma'amala da jima'i "¹³.

Bugu da kari, abin da ake kira siffofin maye gurbin ayyukan jima'i suna da mawuyacin haɗari tare da haɗarin kiwon lafiya: alal misali, al'adar furotic analticism, saboda rashin ƙarfi na anatomical na ƙarshen sashe na gastrointestinal fili zuwa rawar karɓa, yana da alaƙa da yawan raunin da ke tattare da cutar. A cikin goyon bayan wannan, akwai mahimman tushe na abubuwan lura: Markland et al. (2016)¹⁴, Yarns et al. (2016)¹⁵, Rice et al. (2016)¹⁶, Boehmer et al. (2015)¹⁷, Spornraft-Ragaller (2014)¹⁸… Koyaya, cikakken lissafin haɗarin lafiyar da ke haɗuwa da ƙananan halayen jima'i ba shine dalilin wannan wasiƙar ba.

Babu yarjejeniya tsakanin masana

Babu wata yarjejeniya kan daidaituwar sha'awar kishili tsakanin kwararru a fannin hauka da ilimin halin dan Adam. Ana samun daidaituwa kan yarjejeniya a matakin wasu al'ummomin kwararru, wadanda suka shahara kuma aka fi ambata wadanda su ne Psyungiyar Masana ilimin halin Americanan Adam (wanda ke bayan APA) da Psyungiyar Masana ilimin halin dan Adam na Amurka. Koyaya, waɗannan da ma wasu basa wakiltar dukkanin ƙungiyoyin ƙwararrun na Amurka. Ana lura da raunin ra'ayi, alal misali, tsakanin kwararrun ofungiyar Alliance don zaɓin warkewa¹⁹, Kolejin Amurka na ilimin likitanci²⁰, Christianungiyar Baƙin Kiristocin Amurka ta Amurka²¹ da Medicalungiyar Likitocin Katolika²². Haka kuma, kungiyoyin kwararru na likitocin kwakwalwa da masu tabin hankali ba su kadai ne a kasar Amurka ba, a Rasha har yanzu ba a yin amfani da wannan bisa hukuma a hukumance. Har ya zuwa yadda muke tsammani, Societyungiyar ofwararrun likitocin Rasha da Psywararrun Ilimin halin dan adam na Rasha ƙungiyoyi ne masu zaman kansu, ba masu haɗin gwiwar al'ummomin Amurka ba. A bayyane yake cewa makarantar likitancin cikin gida (musamman ilimin halin rai da tunani) yana da isasshen ƙwarewar kimiyya da asibiti don karɓar mahawara dangane da muhawara ta hujja. Haka kuma, kamar yadda aka nuna a gabatarwa zuwa rarrabuwa da tabin hankali a cikin ICD-10, kwatancin wannan takaddar sharadi ne kuma bashi da ka'ida:

“Bayanan da umarnin yanzu ba sa da ma'anar asali kuma ba sa da'awar kasancewa ma'anar cikakkiyar ma'anar yanayin ilimin halin yanzu. Suna kawai alamun ƙungiyoyi ne da ra'ayoyi game da abin da yawancin masu ba da shawara da masu ba da shawara a ƙasashe da yawa na duniya sun yarda a matsayin tushen yarda don ayyana iyakokin yanki a cikin rarrabuwar kawunan kwakwalwa "²³.

Tsarin kimiyya da na likitanci ya kamata ya danganta ne da tsauraran dalilai na ma'ana, kuma duk wata yarjejeniya tsakanin kwararru za ta iya zama sakamakon sakamakon fassarar ne kawai na bayanan asibiti da kuma nazarce-nazarce, kuma ba za a samar da kowane irin akida ba, har ma da mafi girman kai. Rarraba rikice-rikice na hankali a cikin ICD-10 yana nuna sakaci na tabbataccen shaida don ƙimar akidar, wanda zai iya shafar lafiyar da lafiyar marasa lafiya sakamakon gazawar bayar da mahimmancin likita.

Na tabbata cewa kuna sane da abin da ya gabata tare da sigar da aka dace da Cutar Kasuwancin Kasa da Kasa ta sake fasalin 9, wanda ya faru a cikin shekarar 1983 lokacin da aka daidaita sashin V "Rashin hankali" don amfani a cikin USSR ta hanyar ƙwararrun ƙwararrun masanan cikin gida na babban matakin. Wannan sashin da aka daidaita ya bayyana a sarari menene ƙa'idodin sha'awar jima'i kuma menene ɓacewa ga al'ada. Me zai hana ƙwararrun ƙwararrun masana ilimin halin ƙwaƙwalwa da masana halayyar ɗan adam su ƙi karɓar rayayyun ra'ayoyi na wasu ƙwararrun baƙi a kan kusancin rikicewar sha'awar jima'i?

Hujja mai mahimmanci da bangaren ma'anar dabarar hada halaliyar luwadi a cikin nau'ikan halaye na jima'i an soki su a cikin littattafan kimiyya da yawa, duba misali Whitehead (2018)²⁴, Mayer da McHugh (2016)²⁵, Kinney (2015)²⁶, Rosik et al. (2012)²⁷, Cameron da Cameron (2012)²⁸, Schumm (2012)²⁹, Phelan et al. (2009)³⁰ da sauransu.

Baya ga karatun al'adu, akwai kuma samfuran psychopathological na jan hankalin 'yan luwadi: Nicolosi (2004)³¹, Vasilchenko da Valliulin (2002)³², Liebig (2001)³³, Tkachenko (1997)³⁴, van der Aardweg (1985)³⁵ ... Bugu da ƙari, cikakken jerin hanyoyin ilimin halittar jiki da hanyoyin warkewa don jan hankalin maza da mata ba shine dalilin wannan wasiƙar ba.

Hadarin bibiyar zamantakewa da siyasa «babban labari»

Ina ɗauka yana da mahimmanci don jaddada cewa wasu masu bincike suna nuna mulkin mallaka na tunanin zamantakewar zamantakewa bisa ƙa'idodin dabarun kimiyya a cikin ƙayyadaddun halayen jima'i: Martin (2016)³⁶, Jussim et al. (2015)³⁷, Duarte et al. (2015)³⁸, Schumm (2010)³⁹ da sauransu.

Normalization na jinsi-jinsi (tare da wasu wasu karkacewa, jerin wadanda ba sa cikin manufar wannan wasiƙar) bisa ga irin waɗannan ra'ayoyin suna nufin abin da ake kira Kimiyyar "Mainstream", wato, masu biyo baya ta hanyar wasu ra'ayoyi na siyasa, da abin da ake kira "Daidaita siyasa."

A cikin maganganun "ra'ayoyi" a cikin ilimin ilimin kimiya, ana amfani da kalmar "daidaituwa game da jima'i", wanda ke nuna hadewar "KYAUTA MARAUNIYA" na jan hankali, an fara amfani dashi dangane da yawan karkacewa.

Wannan ya hada da jan hankalin mata ga dabbobi (Beetz (2004)⁴⁰, Aggrawal (2011)⁴¹, Miletski, 2017)⁴² - ake kira "Gabatarwar jima'i." T.N. "Bayyanar jima'i" yana nufin jan hankalin yara ne (Makarantar Kiwon Lafiya ta Harvard (2010)⁴³, Seto (2012)⁴⁴, Berlin, 2014)⁴⁵. An kuma yi amfani da wannan kalmar '' daidaituwa '' don nuna sha'awa ga abubuwa marasa rai (Marsh, 2010)⁴⁶ ko rashin sha'awar jima'i a kowace (abin da ake kira "madaidaicin tsarin jima'i." duba Bogaert (2015)⁴⁷, Helm (2016)⁴⁸).

Kuma hakika, kamar yadda muka ambata a sama, ma'aunin abin da ake nufi da wanda jinsi guda ya bayyana a matsayin nau'i na halin ɗabi'a na jima'i suna dacewa da kowane bayyanar sha'awar jima'i gaba ɗaya. A cikin Tsarin Kasa da Kasa na Cututtukan Cutar ta sake fasalin 11 (a nan ICD-11), sha'awar jima'i ga yara, dabbobi, abubuwa marasa kan gado, da sauransu. - shi ne na al'ada da se, su [waɗannan ire-iren hanyoyin jima'i] ana daukar su a zaman cuta ne kawai idan sun haifar da batun "mahimmancin damuwa"⁴⁹.

Wato, kusanci ga duk nau'in sha'awar sha'awar jima'i da gaske yana maimaita hanyar "tafiya" ta hanyar liwadi, lokacin abubuwan da suka faru na 1968 - 1973, sha'awar jinsi daya da farko an cire ta daga jerin karkacewa ta hanyar jefa kuri'a, wanda akwai manyan tambayoyi (duba, alal misali, Sorba (2007)⁵⁰, Satinover (1994)⁵¹, Bayer (1981)⁵²) An yanke shawarar cewa kawai irin wannan sha'awar jinsi guda ɗaya, wanda ke haɗe da damuwa na ciki da ƙi, karkatarwa ce (abin da ake kira "liwadi-dystonic liwadi"), har ma an yarda cewa:

"... ba mu sake lissafa shi cikin jerin cututtukan tabin hankali ba, ba mu ce wannan" al'ada "ne kuma ya yi daidai da maza" (1974 shekara)⁵³.

Daga baya kuma, kungiyoyi iri daya suka canza tunanin zuwa:

"Duk halayen maza da mata da maza da mata duk maganganun al'ada ne na jima'i na mutum (...) 'Yan madigo,' yan luwadi da 'yan luwadi sune sifofin alaƙar mutum" (2008)⁵⁴.

Dangane da ICD-11, irin waɗannan nau'ikan karkatarwa kamar pedophilia ko bestiality suna a matakin "daidaitaccen tsari", fiye da lessasa da ke daidai da matakin 1973 na shekara don liwadi, i.e. har yanzu ba'a dauki su a matsayin "bayyananniyar bayyanar jima'i na ɗan adam ba", amma ba a ƙara daukar karkacewa kamar wannan ba, amma idan aka haɗa shi da damuwa da kin amincewa.

Hadarin rikici na doka

Hakanan, a cikin yanayin halin yanzu na rashin bayyanar matsayin mutum dangane da sha'awar luwadi a matsayin karkacewa da tsarin jima'i, rikici na shari'a ya taso yayin bayar da taimako na psychotherapeutic taimako ga ƙwararrun yara waɗanda zasu iya neman ƙwararrun taimako yayin fuskantar halayyar luwadi yayin balaga, alal misali, saboda cin zarafin jima'i. Daya daga cikin hanyoyin da ake yaduwa, gami da taimaka wa kananan yara, a cikin kasashen Yammacin Turai, wanda a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, ana aiwatar da su ta hanyar doka, shine abin da ake kira tallafawa ko «gay yarda» far A matsayin wani ɓangare na wannan tsarin, an gabatar da shi don sanar da ƙaramin haƙuri cewa zargin "an cimma yarjejeniya a kimiyyance", cewa yanayin shi ne ya kamata «al'ada da ingantacciyar nau'in yanayin jima'i na mutum», ba a bukatar wani canji.

Da farko dai, kamar yadda aka nuna a sama, a zahirin gaskiya a kimiyyance babu wata yarjejeniya kan karkacewar sha'awar jima'i, kawai abubuwan da ake kira abin da ake kira «daidaituwar siyasa ”a wasu al'ummomi.

Rikici na doka ya shafi kowane psychotherapist a Rasha lokacin aiki tare da samari, tunda dokar gida ta tabbatar da cewa:

“Advoc of nonna al'adanci tsakanin mata da yara, wanda aka bayyana a cikin watsa bayani, da nufin ƙirƙirar halayen jima'i marasa al'ada a cikin ƙananan yara, kyawunta na rashin jima'i irin na al'ada, gurbata ra'ayoyi game da daidaituwar zamantakewa na dangantakar jima'i ta al'ada da wadda ba ta al'ada bako sanya bayanai kan alakar al'adun da ba na al'ada ba, haifar da sha'awar irin wannan danganta "⁵⁵.

ƙarshe

Don haka, jigon tambaya na zai iya zama a taƙaice zuwa mai zuwa: idan (a cewar ICD-10 da aka yarda a Rasha) jan hankalin ɗan luwadi da se shi ne na yau da kullun, to menene jayayya za a iya amfani da shi don tabbatar da cewa duk faɗan karkata (misali pedophilia ko bestiality) da se kasance saba?

A yanayin idan babu ingantaccen ka'idoji, kamar, alal misali, a cikin littafin likitancin da aka inganta ta hanyar farfesa. V.N. Krasnova da prof. I. Ya. Gurovich ko a cikin aikin prof. A. A. Tkachenko (duba sama), fahimtar halin ƙazantar da sha'awar jima'i ya zama mara ma'ana, alaƙa. Duk wata muhawara da masu gabatar da kara game da sha'awar luwadi ta dace sun dace da dukkan karkacewar jima'i. A cikin "babban hanyar" kimiyya, wannan ya zama gaskiya - misali shine hanya zuwa "paraphilia" a cikin Binciko da littafin ƙididdiga don rikicewar kwakwalwa na bugun 5 da kuma Tsarin Cutar Cutar ta Kasa na sake fasalin 11.

Shin wannan yana nuna cewa za a kafa irin wannan halin ba da daɗewa ba a cikin ilimin halin ƙwaƙwalwa na gida da ilimin halin ɗimbin yawa - yawancin ɓarna daban-daban, da kuma jan hankalin ɗan luwadi zai zama al'ada?

Na bijiro da fassarar da babu makawa: akwai dabi'un sha'awar jima'i (jan hankalin maza da mata da suka manyanta) da kuma siffofin da suka karkata (ga yara, don jima'i, ga dabbobi, da dai sauransu).

Ina fatan ba zakuyi watsi da wannan wasika ba.

Gaisuwa

c. m. V. Lysov

Buɗe wasiƙar da aka buga a shafin https://pro-lgbt.ru/906  Kuna iya biyan kuɗi a cikin bayanan.

Note: dalili; wanda na yanke shawarar aika da wasika ga masu karɓar da yawa, shi ne tsoron cewa wannan saƙon ba zai isa ga manyan masu karɓa ba. Ta hanyar sanin yawancin masu sha'awar da ƙungiyoyi kamar yadda zai yiwu tare da tambayar da aka ambata, yiwuwar murƙushe wannan batun, a ganina, zai ragu. Don haka, Ina kira ga duk wanda ke da sha'awar batun da abin ya shafa ya kuma aika da wannan wasika bude wa wadannan da sauran masu karba, tare da sanya hannu.

An aika kofen wannan wasiƙar buɗe wa:

Kwamishinan Shugaban kasa na Hakkokin Yara
Anna Yuryevna Kuznetsova
125993 Moscow, GSP-3, Miusskaya sq., D.7 p. 1
obr@deti.gov.ru

Shugaban Leaguewararren Likitocin Lafiya na chowararru
Farfesa na Likita na Kimiyya Viktor V. Makarov
115280 Moscow, (mm.
center@oppl.ru

Tsakiyar Gudanar da Ruhaniya na Musulman Rasha
450057 Ufa, titin Tukaev, gidan 50
info@cdum.ru

Sashen synodal don alaƙar Ikilisiya tare da jama'a da kafofin watsa labarai
119334 Moscow, Andreevskaya Embankment, 2
contact@sinfo-mp.ru

Sabis na sanarwa na Archdiocese na Roman Katolika na Uwar Allah a Moscow
123557 Moscow, st. Malaya Gruzinskaya, d. 27 / 13, p. 1
info@cathmos.ru

All-Rasha Jama'a Tsara don Kariya Iyali "Iyaye All-Rasha Resistance (RVS)"
rvs@rvs.su

Kwamishinan Jama'a don Kariyar Iyali a St. Petersburg da Leningrad Yankin
Barankin Olga Nikolaevna
detispb@bk.ru

Ofishin Shiga Jam’iyyar Siyasa
Jam'iyyar Liberal Democratic Party na Rasha
107045, Moscow, Lukov Lane, 9, p. 1
info@ldpr.ru

Sabis ɗin Kasuwancin Politicalan Siyasa
Ungiyar Kwaminisanci ta Tarayyar Rasha
latsa-sluzhba@kprf.ru

Shugaban Kwamitin 'Yan siyasa na Jam'iyyun siyasa na Jam'iyyar Duk-Rashan Jama'a na Jihohi “Patriots of the Great Fatherland
Tatyana Gennadevna Soboleva
socpolitik@pvo.center

Ministan Lafiya na Jamhuriyar Chechen
Dan takarar ilimin kimiyyar likitanci Elkhan Abdullaevich Suleymanov
info@minzdravchr.ru

Ministan Lafiya na Jamhuriyar Tatarstan
ɗan takarar kimiyyar likita Marat Nailevich Sadykov
minzdrav@tatar.ru

Babban editan jaridar "Zavtra"
Alexander Andreevich Prokhanov
zavtra@zavtra.ru

Daraktan Doctor na Tarayyar Rasha Jan Genrikhovich Goland
kor-nn@yandex.ru

Tsarin zamantakewar zamantakewar al'umma "Iyali, ƙauna, Kasar mahaifar"
kashifarin-org@yandex.ru

Interregional jama'a kungiyar "Don hakkin dangi"
profamilia.ru@gmail.com

Farfesa a cikin Gwamnatin Jiha da kuma Munni na Likita na Kimiyya Igor Vladislavovich Ponkin
iv.ponkin@migsu.ranepa.ru

Bayanai da Ma'aikatar Nazari
Layin mutanen Rasha
info@ruskline.ru

Yelena Vladimirovna Kastorskaya, dan takarar ilimin kimiyyar shari'a, Mataimakin Farfesa, Sashen Shari'ar Laifuka
mihail.kastorskii@mail.ru

Mataimakin, Sashen Kula da Ka'idoji, PFUR
Dan takarar Falsafa Ivan Evgenievich Lapshin
karafarinane@mail.ru

Mataimakin Farfesa, Ma'aikatar Medicine na zamantakewa da Aiki na zamantakewa, RGUTiS
'Dan takarar ilimin kimiyyar dabarun koyarwa Natalya Mikhailovna Zorina
nmz56@yandex.ru

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4. Ibid., Rubric F66.1x
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BAYANIN HUKUNCIN HUKUNCIN ZAGI A BAYAN LITTATTAFAI game da batun cutar HOMOSEXUALISM a ICD

A watan Satumba 2018, theungiyar Kimiyya don Gaskiya ta aika da wasiƙar budewa ga Ministan Lafiya Veronika Skvortsova, shugabannin ƙungiyar masu ilimin halin ƙwaƙwalwa na Rasha, da na siyasa da ƙungiyoyin jama'a (https://pro-lgbt.ru/906/).

Daga cikin waɗanda suka karɓi kyautar, wakilin jama'a ne kawai na kariyar dangi a St. Petersburg da Leningrad Yankin suka amsa ta hanyar aika wasiƙu ga hukumomin da ke sama bisa lamuran nasa (http://katyusha.org/view?id=10649) da kuma Tsarancen Zamani na 'Yan' Tsaranci, "Iyali, Soyayya, Uba".

An karɓi martani daga Ma'aikatar Lafiya kan wannan roko: "An karɓi ra'ayinku, na gode."

Dukansu Ma'aikatar Lafiya da shugabanin kungiyoyin kwantar da hankali da tabin hankali anfi so ayi shiru game da batun da ake zargi da siyasa. A lokaci guda, an ba da amsa ta hukuma ga buƙatun masu gwagwarmayar LGBT daga Pyatigorsk don sanin mahimmancin kundin ƙirar Cutar Kasa da ƙasa (ICD) game da ra'ayoyin Rasha game da ka'idojin halayen jima'i. 

Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta amsa daban daban game da bukatar wani memba na Kungiyar Kimiyya don Gaskiya ta hanyar tura bukatar ga kwararru a FSBI NICC PN mai suna V.P. Sabar »Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Rasha.

Janar Daraktan FSBI “NICC PN su. V.P. Serbsky ”, MD, farfesa Z.I. Kekelidze ya tabbatar da mahimmancin tambayoyin da aka yi a wasikar sannan ya nuna bukatar yin tattaunawa mai zurfi a cikin masana kimiyya na masana ilimin hauka, masu ilimin halayyar dan adam da kuma masana halayyar dan adam. 

Yin la'akari da bukatun al'ummomin jama'ar Federationungiyar Rasha da aka bayyana a cikin sakon Shugaba Vladimir Putin, tare da ci gaba da tattaunawa kan aikin ICD-11, wannan tattaunawar ya kamata ya ba da gudummawa ga haɓaka kyakkyawan matsayin al'umman kimiyya na Rasha game da ka'idojin bincike na cututtukan cututtukan hauka.

Ya kamata a lura da shi musamman cewa bukatun da dabi'un mutanen Tarayyar Rasha, gami da tsare-tsaren dabarun ci gaban Rasha, sun saba wa umarnin manyan kasashen yamma don rage yawan mutanen duniya ta hanyar koyarwar ƙaramin ƙarni: farfaganda na zubar da ciki, halayyar jima'i da ba na al'ada ba da lalata tsarin iyali, wanda aka aikata ta hanyar ɓoye jima'i "ilimi". 

Kamar yadda kuka sani, tun daga tsakiyar karni na 20, a karkashin tutar “matsalar yawan mutane,” duniya ta kasance tana gudanar da yakin neman zabe a duniya wanda ya takaita sosai wajen rage yawan haihuwa da rage yawan jama'a. An maimaita wannan manufar a kan dukkanin dandamali na duniya, gami da cikin mujallolin kimiyya na Club of Rome, wanda ya hada wakilai na duniya siyasa, kudi, al'adu da kuma masanyan kimiyya. A yawancin ƙasashe masu tasowa, adadin haihuwa ya riga ya faɗi ƙasa da matakin sauƙi na yawan jama'a, kuma adadin tsofaffi ya yi daidai ko fiye da yawan yara. Aure yana ƙara ƙarewa cikin kisan aure kuma an maye gurbin shi da haɗuwa. Abubuwa na aure, liwadi da abubuwan wuce gona da iri sun sami matsayin fifiko. Depopulation, ba labarin almara ba "yawaitar mutane" ya zama sabon gaskiyar duniyar.

A 1954, an buga littafin Babbar Jama'ar Amurka, inda aka kawo barazanar haɓakar ƙaruwar jama'a kuma an bayyana bukatar gaggawa game da hana haihuwa. A cikin 1959, Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka ta ba da rahoto game da ci gaban yawan jama'a a duniya, wanda ya kammala cewa haɓakar saurinsa yana barazana ga zaman lafiyar duniya. A cikin 1969, a cikin adireshinsa ga Majalisar, Shugaban Amurka Nixon ya kira ci gaban jama'a "daya daga cikin manyan matsaloli ga makomar 'yan Adam" ya kuma yi kira da a dauki matakin gaggawa. Jaridar Demokiradiya ta Kingley Davis, daya ce daga cikin jigajigai a cikin ci gaban tsare-tsaren hana haihuwa, tare da yaduwar cututtukan hana haihuwa, zubar da ciki da maye, sun gabatar da "canza kyawawan dabi'un jima'i" da kuma inganta "siffofin haramtaccen dabi'a." Matar Davis, masanin ilimin halayyar dan adam Judith Blake, ta ba da shawarar cire haraji da fa'idodi na gida wanda ke karfafa haihuwar yara da cire takunkumi na doka da zamantakewa da luwadi. Preston Cloud, wanda ke wakiltar Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Amurka ya ba da shawarar cewa gwamnati ta halatta zubar da ciki da kungiyoyin luwaɗi. A wannan shekarar, Frederick Jaffe, mataimakin shugaban kungiyar kasa da kasa kan tsare-tsare na iyali (IFES) ya ba da wata sanarwa wacce a ke daukar "karfafa ci gaban liwadi" a matsayin daya daga cikin hanyoyin rage yawan haihuwa. Watanni uku bayan haka, tarzoma ta Stonewall ta tashi kuma matsin lamba ya fara a kan Kungiyar Ilimin Hauka ta Amurka (APA), wacce ta yanke shawara a cikin gudanarwa na yanke hukunci don banbancin maza da mata daga rarrabuwar kawuna, wanda ya ba da damar fara yada yaduwar jinsi daya. A cikin 1970, mawallafin ka'idar canza yanayin jama'a, Frank Noutstein, lokacin da yake magana a Kwalejin Soja ta Kasa a gaban manyan hafsoshi ya lura cewa "ana kiyaye kariya ga luwadi a madadin cewa yana taimakawa wajen rage yawan jama'a" (ƙari: https://pro-lgbt.ru/13/).

Karkashin matsin lamba daga masu gwagwarmayar gayyar da suka shirya abubuwan da ke faruwa na girgiza kai tsaye da kuma shiga cikin "zubar da hankali," kungiyar likitocin Amurka (APA) ta gudanar da zaben mai ban tsoro don kauda liwadi cikin jerin matsalar tabin hankali. An maye gurbin bayyanar cutar "302.0 - liwadi" ta hanyar binciken "302.00 - egodistonic liwadi" kuma an canza shi zuwa rukunin "rikicewar psychosexual."

Barbara Gitting, mahaifiyar Rightsungiyar 'Yanci ta Gay, daga baya ta amsa da gaskiya: "Wannan ba yanke shawara bane likita, kuma wannan shine dalilin da ya sa duk hakan ya faru da sauri. Bayan haka, shekaru uku kawai suka wuce tun farkon girgiza na farko a taron APA da kuma gabanin zaben kwamitin zartarwa, wanda ya banbanta luwaɗan daga cikin jerin matsalolin rashin hankalin. Wata shawara ce ta siyasa ... An warkar da mu da dare tare da bugun azzakari ”(more: https://pro-lgbt.ru/295/).

A cikin 1987, APA cikin natsuwa ya cire dukkan nassoshi game da luwaɗanci daga tsarinta, a wannan karon ba tare da ma matsa musu yin zaɓin ba. Healthungiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) kawai ta bi sahun APA kuma a cikin 1990 shekara kuma ta cire liwadi daga rarrabuwar cututtukan, ta tsare kawai egodistonic (matsala ga mutum) bayyanannu. A cikin yanayin kimiyya da sanannen ilimin kimiyya, ana ƙara yin tambayoyi game da karɓar ƙwayar cuta da kuma lalata ga yara kamar yadda abubuwan jima'i ke gudana ta hanyar kwatanci da luwaɗanci.

Ya kamata a lura cewa a cikin Tarayyar Rasha, kusan lokaci guda tare da gabatarwar ICD-10, ta hanyar umarnin Ma'aikatar Kiwan Lafiya mai lamba 311 mai lamba 06.08.1999, jagorar asibiti "Samfurori don bincikowa da maganin cututtukan hankali da halayya "an amince, an tattara shi a ƙarƙashin editan farfesa. V. N. Krasnova da farfesa. I. Ya. Gurovich. Wannan jagorar ya ba da cikakkiyar ma'anar ma'anar yanayin jima'i da lalatawar jima'i: "Ka'idodin al'adar jima'i sune: haɗawa, da namiji, balagar abokan aiki, son rai na sadarwa, kokarin neman yarda da juna, rashin cutarwa ta jiki da ta hankali ga lafiyar abokan hulda da sauransu. Rushewar zaɓin jima'i yana nufin duk wani karkacewa daga ƙa'idar al'ada ta jima'i, ba tare da la'akari da bayyanuwarta da yanayinta ba, girman tsanani da abubuwan haɓaka. Wannan ra'ayi ya haɗa da rikice-rikice biyu a cikin ma'anar karkata daga zamantakewa ka'idoji, kuma daga ƙa'idojin likita "

A watannin farko na nadin nata, Ministan Lafiya ta Rasha Veronika Skvortsova, bisa umarnin No. 1042 na 13 a watan Disamba 2012 na shekara, ya ayyana wannan jagorar ta lalace, a takaice, ta soke ka'idojin "dabi'ar jima'i" da karfi a cikin Tarayyar Rasha kuma don haka buɗe "taga damar" don aikatawa mutane LGBT -juyin halitta a cikin ƙasar (https://vk.cc/8YHcgs).

Kamar yadda marubutan ICD-10 da kansu suka nuna, kwatancin kundin suna da sharadi: “Bayanan da umarnin yanzu ba sa da ma'anar asali kuma ba sa da'awar kasancewa ma'anar cikakkiyar ma'anar yanayin ilimin halin yanzu. Suna kawai alamun ƙungiyoyi ne da ra'ayoyi game da abin da yawancin masu ba da shawara da masu ba da shawara a ƙasashe da yawa na duniya sun yarda a matsayin tushen yarda don ayyana iyakokin yanki a cikin rarrabuwar kawunan kwakwalwa ".

Tsarin kimiyya da na likitanci ya kamata ya danganta ne da tsauraran hujjoji, kuma kowane "yarjejeniya" tsakanin kwararrun zai iya zama sakamakon sakamakon fassarar ne kawai na bayanan asibiti da ƙoshin lafiya, ba kuma kowane irin akida ke tattare da shi ba, har ma da mafi girman kai. Rarraba rikice-rikice na hankali a cikin ICD-10 yana nuna sakaci na tabbataccen shaida don ƙimar akidar, wanda zai iya shafar lafiyar da lafiyar marasa lafiya saboda gazawar samar musu da mahimmancin kulawa da likita.

A kan 7 a watan Mayu 2018, Shugaban Tarayyar Rasha Vladimir Putin ya sanya hannu kan wata doka "A kan manufofin kasa da manufofin ci gaba na Tarayyar Rasha har zuwa lokacin 2024 shekara", sakin layi na farko wanda ya yi magana game da tabbatar da ci gaba mai ɗorewa a cikin yawan Federationungiyar Russianasa. Tun lokacin da ake yada farfagandar luwadi game da rage yawan haihuwa da kuma lalata dabi'un dangin gargajiya na akidar LGBT ya tabbatar da ingancinsa, hukuncin ladabtar da liwadi, gami da daukar nauyin aikata laifuka, da maido da hanyoyin da za'a bi don sanin yanayin halayen jima'i.

Har ila yau, shugaban ya sanya hannu kan Dokar Tarayya ta Disamba 25.12.2018, 489 No. XNUMX-FZ "A kan gyare-gyare ga Dokar Tarayya "A kan Ka'idodin Kare Lafiyar Jama'a a cikin Tarayyar Rasha" a kan Shawarwari na Clinical.

Sabbin jagororin asibiti za a gabatar da su sannu a hankali, kuma ya kamata a kammala aikin a gabansu 31 Disamba 2021 shekaru.

Dangane da dokar tarayya, ka'idojin asibiti zasu zama tushen kula da lafiya kuma zai zama wajibi.

Shawarwarin asibiti suna ƙarƙashin la'akari da wata ƙwararrun jiki - shawara na kimiyya da na aiki, waɗanda aka kafa daga wakilan kimiyya, kungiyoyin ilimi da na likita waɗanda ke ƙarƙashin ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Rasha.

Majalisar Kimiyya da Aiki za ta yanke shawara a kan amincewa, kin amincewa da shawarwarin asibiti ko kuma alkiblarsu don yin bita. Hakkin ƙirƙirar majalisa, amincewa da ka'idoji a kai kuma amincewa da tsarin majalisa ya kasance tare da Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Rasha (ƙari: https://vk.cc/8R2RoC)

Dangane da wata wasika da aka bude daga kungiyar Kimiyya don Gaskiya, ƙungiyar kimiya ta Rasha ta sami gayyatar hukuma don tattaunawa kan batutuwan da suka shafi kiyaye haƙƙin ikon jama'ar Rasha dangane da "ƙimar" ƙasashen yamma waɗanda aka haɓaka don rage yawan jama'a daidai da yarjejeniyar yarjejeniyar Alkahira na 1994 shekara.

The Oxford Historical Dictionary of Psychiatry ya lura cewa, yayin da a wasu wurare, kamar asalin schizophrenia, ilimin hauka ya yi ƙoƙari ya zama kimiyya kamar yadda zai yiwu, a cikin al'amuran da suka shafi jima'i, ilimin halin kwakwalwa ya kasance kamar "bawan masana al'adu da siyasa." Rashin lafiyarta ya fi fitowa fili a fagen luwadi. 

Kamar yadda Shugaban kasar ya fada a cikin wani jawabi ga Majalisar Tarayya: "Rasha ta kasance kuma za ta kasance mai zaman kanta mai cikakken 'yanci. Kawai ne, ko dai zai iya zama haka, ko kuma ba zai zama ko kaɗan ba ”. Rasha kada ta zama "bawan masanan al'adu da siyasa na kasashen waje."

Kasance tare da aikinmu! Muna gayyatar mahalarta a cikin majalissar kimiyya da aikace-aikacen yanke shawara kan shawarwarin asibiti a fagen rikice-rikice na tunanin mutum don sanin kansu da kayan aikin shafin. https://pro-lgbt.ru/.

Kimiyya don Gaskiya Rukuni https://vk.com/science4truth
Yanar gizon rukuni: https://pro-lgbt.ru/

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