Inta badan sheyga hoose waxaa lagu daabacay warbixin falanqeyn ah. "Hadalka dhaqdhaqaaqa khaniisiinta marka loo eego xaqiiqada cilmiga ah". doi:10.12731/978-5-907208-04-9, ISBN 978-5-907208-04-9

Mid ka mid ah hal-ku-dhigyada dhaqdhaqaaqa "LGBT" waa oraahda ah in saamiga dadka leh soo jiidashada qaniisiinta loo malaynayo 10% - taasi waa, tobnaad kasta. Xaqiiqdii, sida laga soo xigtay daraasado ballaaran oo casri ah oo laga sameeyay Mareykanka iyo dalalka Midowga Yurub (taas oo ah, waddamada ay khaniisnimadu ka hesho taageero ballaaran iyo ka ilaalinta qalabka dawladda), saamiga dadka isku sheega inay yihiin khaniisiin way kala duwan yihiin <1% ilaa ugu badnaan 3 %.

Halkee ayuu ka yimid bayaanka "10%", oo si firfircoon u adeegsada "LGBTKIAP +", dhaqdhaqaaqa warbaahinta, wuxuu muujiyey ganacsi iyo dhaqan, xaguu ka yimid?

Fikradda qaldan ee aragtidan ayaa ah hadalo qalloocan oo laga soo qaatay macnaha khabiirka ku takhasusay cilmiga dabiiciga ee Maraykanka Alfred Kinsey, kaas oo 1941, oo hoos yimaadda maalgelinta Rockefeller Foundation, uu bilaabay inuu soo uruuriyo xogta ku saabsan nolosha galmada ee Mareykanka. 1948, Kinsey wuxuu daabacay warbixin cinwaan looga dhigay "Nolosha Galmood ee Nin Lab ah" (Kinsey xnumx), oo lagu soo saaray dhowr bayaanno "xasaasi ah" oo aasaaska u dhigay waxa loogu yeero "kacaanka galmada" ee Mareykanka:

• Kinsey wuxuu tilmaamay in galmo ahaanta iyo leexashada galmadu ay ku badan tahay muwaadiniinta Mareykanka marka loo fiiriyo iyagu naftooda.Reisman xnumx, p. 2);
• Kinsey wuxuu soo jeediyey soo jiidasho gaar ah oo soo jiidasho galmo ah oo ka timid gradd-yada 7: laga soo bilaabo si gaar ah jinsi ka soo horjeedda, ilaa si gaar ah loogu habeeyay jinsikiisa (Kinsey xnumx, p. 639, 651, 656). Qiyaastaan, qiyaasta celceliska waxay muujisay soo jiidashada labada jinsi, sidaa daraadeed shuruudaha loo tixgeliyo inay weecinayaan waxaa loo barbar dhigaa jir ahaan (Kinsey xnumx, p. 639, 651, 656);
• Kinsey wuxuu cadeeyay in galmada udhaxeysa wiilasha iyo raga aysan aheyn wax dhib ah sida loo maleynayay hore (Marotta xnumx, p. 36);
• muunadda Kinsey 8,% jawaab bixiyaasha ragga ayaa sheegay inay galmo la yeelaan xayawaanka (Kinsey xnumx, p. 667);
  ugu dambeyntiina, muunadda Kinsey, qiyaastii 10% ragga la wareystay ayaa sheegay inay ku dhaqmaan “wax badan ama ka yar fal galmo isku jinsi ah ugu yaraan saddex sano inta u dhaxaysa sannadihii 16 iyo 55,” iyo 4% ragga ayaa tan sameeyay noloshooda oo dhan (Kinsey xnumx, p. 65)

Daraasadda Kinsey ma tahay mid kufilan natiijooyinkeeduna macquul yihiin? Khabiirada takhasuska leh waxay tixgeliyaan howlaha Alfred Kinsey laba aragtiyood: laga soo bilaabo habka iyo anshaxa.

Khaladaadka dariiqooyinka Kinsey

Maaddaama dadka caadiga ah ee 40's aysan dooneynin inay ka hadlaan faahfaahinta noloshooda u dhow, Kinsey waxay ahayd inuu iskaa wax u qabso uga dhex baxo dibad baxyada - xabsiyada, godadka, dhillooyinka, iwm. Sidaa daraadeed, 25% dadka ku jira muunadda Kinsey waxay ahaayeen maxaabiis xaalad kacsan ama hadda ka hor xukunno xabsi ah, iyo 5% muunadda ay ka ahaayeen dhillooyin rag ah (Kinsey xnumx, p. 216). Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa jiray boqolaal baararka khaniisiinta ah ee ka yimid baararka khaniisiinta, baalalka, tuugada, dhaca, iyo xitaa 9 pedophiles. Waxay ahaayeen sheekooyinkooda oo loo soo bandhigay inay yihiin galmo caadi ah oo baahsan oo celcelis Mareykan ah, taas oo salka ku haysa dhaqdhaqaaqa "xuquuqda" ee khaniisiinta.

1954, gudi ka socda Ururka Tirakoobka Mareykanka, oo ay ku jiraan saynisyahano heer caalami ah: xisaabiye John Tukey iyo xisaabiyaha William Cochran, ayaa soo gabagabeeyey:

Waxaan tixgalinaynaa dhaleeceyn la taaban karo ee warbixinta Kinsey taasi hadalada dhibka badan ee ay sameeyeen qorayaasha haku hallayn xogta lagu soo bandhigay warbixinta... Laguma sharixin cadeymaha sheegashooyinka noocaas ah ay salka ku hayaan ... Gabagabada laga soo qaatay xogta lagu soo bandhigay warbixinta waxaa sameeyay qorayaasha si aad isugu kalsoon oo isku kalsoon ... Wadajir ahaan, dhaleeceyntaasi waxay muujinayaan in inta badan warbixintu aysan la kulmin heerarka daabacaadda cilmiga ah ee cadaaladda "(Cochran xnumx, p. 152).

Gunaanadyada Kinsey waxay ku saleysan yihiin natiijooyinka daraasadda koox koox ah oo maaddo ahaan loo soo xulay oo aqoon u leh midba midka kale, halka cilmi baaris ahaan sax ahaaneed lagu fulinayo koox aan kala sooc lahayn (tusaale ahaan, si aan kala sooc lahayn loo doortay). Gaar ahaan, Tukey wuxuu xusey: «koox aan kala sooc lahayn oo la soo xulay oo ka kooban saddex qof ayaa wakiil ka noqon doonta koox ka kooban saddex boqol oo nin Mr. Kinsey» (New York Times 2000, p. A19).

Dhakhtarka cilmu-nafsiga ah ee Abraham Maslow, abuuraha caanka ah ee 'Maslow's pyramid baahiyaha,' wuxuu raaciyay in Kinsey uusan tixgelinaynin eexda ee laxiriirta xaqiiqada ah in xog aruurinta lagu sameeyay kaliya tabaruceyaal doonayay inuu kaqeybqaato daraasadda, sidaa darteed muunadda Kinsey gabi ahaanba waa mid aan soo bandhigin (Maslow xnumx, p. 259).

Waa tan waxa dhakhtarka dhimirka Edmund Bergler iyo khabiirka cudurada dumarka William Kroger ay ka qorayaan rabitaankan ah inay kaqeybqaataan daraasada Kinsey shaqadooda "Kinsey quraafaadkeeda galmada dumarka: xaqiiqooyinka caafimaadka":

"... Nolosha dhow ee qofka caadiga ahi waa arin shaqsi qoto dheer leh, sidaa darteed qiyaasta Kinsey ee ah in tabaruceyaashu runta sheegayaan ayaa la waydiinayaa. Dadka kiisaska kale oo dhami runta sheegaan waxay ka fogaadaan runta markay tahay galmada. Haweeney caadi ah oo wakhtigaas iyo dhaqankeeda ah, oo ka jawaabaya su'aalaha ku saabsan nolosheeda galmada, waxay oran lahayd "Ha ka dhigin sankaaga ganacsigaaga." Caadi ahaan, nolosha galmada ee dheddig waxay ku saleysan tahay rabitaanka guurka, jacaylka, iyo hooyonimada, laakiin howlaha la midka ah laguma soo bandhigin warbixinta Kinsey.

Furfurnaanshaha tabaruceyaasha cilmibaadhista Kinsey waxaa laga yaabaa inay ku salaysnaato rabitaankooda qarsoon ee ku saleysan neerfayaasha galmada. Aqoon la’aanta ku saabsan cilmi-nafsiga firfircoon ayaa Kinsey qaldamay; ma uusan fahmin in mutadawiciintiisa ay diyaar u yihiin inay hadlaan, sababtoo ah waxay ahaayeen neerfayaasha. Waxay soo dhoweeyeen fursad ay ku caddeeyaan guud ahaan la sheegay ee leexashada galmada ... "(Bergler 1954).

Bergler wuxuu ku tilmaamay qiyaasta Kinsey qiyaasta shaqsiyeed, iyo warbixinadiisa «sheekooyinka tirakoobka ee ku saleysan nacaybka horay loo cayimay» (Bergler 1956, p. 62).

Sannadkii 2004, koox hindisi ah oo loo yaqaan "Golaha Sharci-dejinta Sharciyeedka Mareykanka", oo ay ku jiraan qareenno, wakiillo ka tirsan baarlamaannada gobollada iyo Koongareeska, senatarrada (qiyaastii khubarada 2400 wadarta), ka dib daraasad shan sano ah, waxay daabaceen gabagabadii in "shaqada Kinsey ay ku saleysan tahay tirakoobyo been ah iyo qaar qaar ama go'aano sharciyeed oo ku saleysan natiijooyinka shaqadan ma ahan kuwo sal ah ”ALEC 2004).

Habka Kinsey ayaa si kooban loogu sharaxi karaa iyada oo tusaale fudud laqarayo: hadii aad go aansato in aad ogaato tirada dadka balwada leh ee magaalada ku nool dad gaaraya 10 kun oo qof. Si tan loo sameeyo, waxaad u baahan tahay inaad wareysato dhammaan toban kun oo aad xisaabiso saamiga balwada maandooriyaha. Ama si loo helo muunad noqon doonta wakiil (wakiil), taasi waa, oo si sax ah u mataleysa dhammaan dadweynaha magaalada: da'da, jinsiga, shaqada, meesha ay ku nool yihiin, iwm. Aynu idhaahdo muunad dadka 500 ah, ragga 250, haweenka 250, da 'kasta oo da' ah, oo degmo kasta waxay kuxirantahay dadkeeda, iwm Si kastaba ha noqotee, si ka duwan ayaad u sameysaa. Bal ka fikir isbitaal magaalada ku yaal oo leh qaybta sunta ah. Waxaad u istcimaalaysaa tirada bukaannada ku jira cisbitaalkan muunad ahaan oo aad u aqoonsataa bukaannada lagu daweynayo waaxda toxicology-ga sidii kuwa balwada leh. Tusaale ahaan, haddii ay jiraan bukaanno ku jira 50 bukaan-jiifka, kuwaas oo 5 ay ku jiraan waaxda toxicology, waxaad heli doontaa xog “xasaasi ah” oo ku saabsan heerka qabatinka maandooriyaha ee magaalada: 10%. In kasta oo run ahaantii natiijadaadu ay noqon doonto 0,05% dadka reer magaalka ah, maahan xaqiiq in dhammaan bukaannada ku jira sunta daroogada ay yihiin maandooriyayaal. ”

Maxay daraasaduhu muujinayaan?

Tan iyo 1948, natiijooyinka Kinsey laguma soo celin daraasadihii kale ee waaweyn. Qaab ahaan qaab sax ah ayaa codbixin loogu sameeyay heer qaran oo ay ku jiraan kumanaan jawaab bixiyaal ah oo ku nool wadammada khaliijka khaniisiinta ah ay ku faraxsan yihiin taageerada buuxda ee dowladdu aysan ka bixin xitaa qiyamka u dhaw natiijooyinka Kinsey.

Dr. Neil Whitehead wuxuu ku bixiyaa shaqadiisa dib u eegis ku saabsan daraasadihii 30 ee lagu sameeyay waddamada reer galbeedka kahor sanadka 2010 (Caddaan 2018, p. 40). Xogtu kama badato 2.4%

Falanqayn faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan cilmi baarista sayniska casriga ah si loo qiimeeyo saamiga shaqsiyaadka ay ka doorbidaan khaniisiinta iyada oo laga wada hadlayo cidda loo tixgelin karo sida shaqsiyaadka noocaas ah ee daraasadaha lagu bixinayo shaqada Dr. Sprigg iyo Daily (Sprigg 2004, p. 35 - 53).

Dhinacyada anshaxa ee Kinsey shaqadiisa iyo noloshiisa

Baarayaasha waxay fiiro gaar ah siiyaan faahfaahinta anshaxa ee howlaha Kinsey. Kaliya ma uusan soo uruurin xogta, laakiin sidoo kale wuu abuuray, isagoo duubaya falalka galmada ee asxaabtiisa iyo asxaabtiisa oo uu ku dhexjiro.Reisman xnumx, p. 73). Sida uu sheegayo taariikh nololeedka Kinsey James Jones: “Intii aad ka shaqeyneysay mashruuca Kinsey, waa inaad la seexdaan xaaskiisa, isaga iyo adiguba, iyadoo danta" sayniska, dabcan " (Sutherland xnumx) Markay soo baxday in maadooyinka Kinsey, in kasta oo ay yihiin "khibrad hodan ah", waxay bixisay jawaabo taban oo ku saabsan su'aalaha qaarkood ee habdhaqanka galmada, tallaabooyin dhiirrigelin ah ayaa lagu dabaqay (cambaareynta "sirta" iyo abaalmarinta "furfurnaanta"), iyo haddii tani aysan caawin, ka dib takhtarku shakhsi ahaan wuu saxay jawaabaha, isaga oo samaynaya "wax ka badalida tirakoobka ee diidmada" (Jasper xnumx) Kinsey wuxuu sidoo kale aad u danaynayey "galmada cunugga": wuxuu iskaashi la yeeshay carruurta cibaadada leh si uu u ilaaliyo asturnaantooda wuxuuna ku qorey ereyadooda xogta "orgasms" ee wiilasha la doorbiday (min 5 bilood illaa 14 sano). Uur-jiifka Kinsey waxaa lagu qeexay sidan soo socota: "Xiisad aad u daran oo xannuun daran, casiraad, oohin, oohin ama qaylo xoog badan, mararka qaarkood oohin badan, oo suuxsan. Kahor bilawga firfircoonida, waxay ku celin karaan lammaanaha waxayna sameyn karaan isku day rabshado leh si looga fogaado qulqulka, inkasta oo ay ku helaan farxad aan shaki lahayn xaaladda ". Shaxda 34 ee Kinsey shaqadiisii ​​hore loo soo sheegay (Kinsey xnumx, p. 180) waxaa ku jira xog aad u xun oo ku saabsan carruurta 24, oo ay ku jiraan wiil da 'yar ah 4 oo soo maray 24 "orgasms" saacadaha 26.

Waxyaabaha kale, iyada oo qayb ka ah "ololaha waxbarasho" Kinsey wuxuu tusay carruurta filimada leh isku-daboolida boodhka, daawashada falcelintooda waxa ka muuqda shaashadda (Gathorne-Hardy xnumx, p. 347).

Kinsey wuxuu ahaa nin taageersan xiriirka "furan" ee guurka, wuxuu xitaa heshiis la galay xaaskiisa Clara McMillen inay midba midka kale khiyaanayn karo dadka kale; Kinsey, oo ka mid ah “dadka kale”, waxay ahaayeen ardaydiisii ​​hore iyo qoraayaasha wada shaqeeya ee Clyde Martin iyo Wardell Pomeroy, iyo Martin xitaa waxay wada lahaayeen jaceyl la wadaaga xaaskiisa (Baumgartner xnumx, p. 48; Sharciga 2009; Jones 1997) Intaa ka dib, Martin iyo Pomeroy labaduba waxay noqdeen cilmi yaqaanno caan ah oo reer Mareykan ah. Falanqayn aad u faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan hababka iyo anshaxa ee shaqada Kinsey waxaa sameeyay cilmi-baaraha Judith Reisman, oo ah nin dadweynaha Mareykanka ah, dhaqtar iyo bare ka dhiga Jaamacadda Liberty ee Virginia; natiijooyinka baaritaanka waxaa lagu daabacay buugaag dhowr ah (Reisman xnumx, 1998, 2006).

Waxa ay leeyihiin wakiilada dhaqdhaqaaqa LGBT

Maanta, markii khaniisnimadu ay iskaashi ka sameysay bulshada reer Galbeedka, iyo shaacinta warbixin been ah oo ku saabsan boqolkiiba 10 khaniisiinta waxba kama bedeli doonto xaaladdooda gaarka ah, qaar ka mid ah hoggaamiyeyaasha dhaqdhaqaaqa LGBT waxay qireen in tirada "10%" loo adeegsaday khiyaano siyaasadeed, maxaa yeelay waxay ahayd mid aad u cajiib ah in la iloobo. Tom Stoddard, madaxa Sanduuqa Difaaca Sharciga ee Lambda, oo ah urur khaniisiin Mareykan ah, wuxuu si cad ugu sheegay waraysi uu siiyay majaladda Newsweek American: "... waxaan u isticmaalnay shaxdan si aan u siino aragti ah inaan weyn nahay ..." (Rogers P. Immisa gays ah ayaa jira. Newsweek. 1993 Feb 15; 46). Jill Harris, oo ah af hayeenka Act-up, oo ah urur kale oo khaniisiin Mareykan ah, ayaa ka hadlay ujeeddada loo adeegsanayo lambarka 10%: "Waxaan u maleynayaa in dadku ay waligood ogaayeen in qoraalka" mid kasta oo ka mid ah toban "uu yahay mid buunbuunin ah, laakiin waxay ahayd hab wanaagsan oo dareenka lagu soo jiito oo aan muujino inaan halkaan joogno" (Jerem Films 1993).

Suurtagal ma tahay in la garto gunaanad ku saabsan dabeecadda jir ahaaneed ee ifafaale kasta oo ku saleysan baahinta dadweynaha?

Xitaa boqolkiiba in yar ee khaniisiinta ee lagu arkay codbixinta kor ku xusan: baahinta tirakoobka ifafaale ma ahan ma muujineyso “dabiici ahaan”. Laga soo bilaabo bilowga waqtiga ilaa maanta, marwalba waxaa jira boqolkiiba xadidan dambiyo bulshada dhexdeeda, waqtiyada qaar inbadan, xoogaa ka yar, laakiin boqolleydan waligeed eber ma noqon (FBI 2015; Harrendorf xnumx) Xaqiiqdii, dambiga waxaa lagu dhihi karaa inuu yahay "dabeecad" astaamaha bulshada. Tani macnaheedu ma aha in dambigu yahay "wax caadi ah" qofka, in bulshada ay diidaan inay la dagaallamaan, maxaa yeelay waa "dabiici"? Dadka badankood waxay ku dhacdaa hargab waqtiyada sanadka qaarkood, iyo tirakoobyo ayaa suuragal ka dhigaya in si sax ah loo saadaaliyo inta jeer ee ay jiraan iyo cudurada neef mareenkaBariffi xnumx) Si kastaba ha noqotee, iyagu waa cudur. Baahsanaanta cilladaha shakhsiyadeed waxay u dhexeeyaan 6% illaa 10,6% dadka dhexdooda (Lenzenweger 2008) 43% dumarka iyo 31% ragga, mid ama dhibaato galmo waxay ku dhacdaa: nabar kacsan, hypecretion qanjirada siilka, iwm (Laumann 1999). Cilladaha welwelka, murugada, iyo cilladaha maandooriyaha ayaa saameeya 17% illaa 26% dadka Mareykanka ah (Kessler 1994) Si kastaba ha noqotee, soo noqnoqoshada sare ee shuruudahan bulshada ma aha aasaaska lagu kala saarayo inay yihiin caadi maskaxeed.

XIGASHO

• Daabacaadda Kinsey, natiijooyinka loo adeegsado dood ahaan sheegashada 10% ee dadka isku jinsi ah, waxaa lagu khalday qaababka (iyo akhlaaq ahaan) khaladaad;

• Daraasadaha la sameeyay tan iyo markii la daabacay shaqada Kinsey ee Mareykanka, Ingiriiska, Kanada iyo dalal kale oo reer Galbeedka ah, oo daboolaya saamiyo ugu yaraan dhowr kun oo qof oo da 'kastoo da' ah, ayaa muujinaya in tirada dadka isu aqoonsada inay yihiin khaniisiinta aysan gaarin 10%, inta badan daraasadaha tilmaameyaasha waxay u dhexaysaa wax ka yar 1% illaa ugu badnaan 3%;

• Shaqsiyaad caan ah oo ka mid ah dhaqdhaqaaqa si loo ballaariyo rabitaanka khaniisiinta ayaa xaqiijinaya inay ka badan yihiin tirada ujeedooyinka dacaayadda;

• U kuurgalka ifafaale ee dadka waxba kama sheegayo dhaqan-ahaaneedkeeda ama qaab dhismeedka jir ahaaneed.

MACLUUMAAD DHEERAAD AH

Machadka Daraasaadka Qoyska. Ciyaarta Lambarada: Boqolkiiba immisa dadka waa Gay? Warbixin gaar ah. URL: http://www.familyresearchinst.org/2009/02/the-numbers-game-what-percentage-of-the-population-is-gay/ 

Whitehead NE, Whitehead BK. Jinsiyadayda ayaa I Sameeyay! Khaniisnimada iyo caddeynta sayniska. Jaallayaasha Whitehead. 2016. Cutubka II "Lambarada khaniisyadu waxay muujinayaan kobcitaan kobcitaan".

Sprigg P., Dailey T., eds. Toos U Hagaajinta: Waxa ay Daraasadu ku tusineysaa ku saabsan khaniisnimada. Golaha Cilmibaarista Qoyska, Washington 2004.

Reisman J. Sharaf La Xaday Dembi La'aan La Xaday: Sida Ameerika loogu Khiyaamay Beenta iyo Dambiyada Galmada ee "Saynisyahan" waalan.; Daabacayaasha Kacaanka cusub (2012).

Reisman J, Eichel EW. Kinsey, Jinsi iyo Khayaanada: Tilmaanta Dadka.; Huntington House; Lafayette, LA (1990). http://www.drjudithreisman.com/archives/Kinsey_Sex_and_Fraud.pdf 

Reisman J., et al. Kinsey: Dembiyada & Cawaaqibta: Boqoradda Cas iyo Qorshaha Weyn. Machadka barashada warbaahinta; Crestwood, KY (1998). http://www.drjudithreisman.com/archives/Kinsey_Crimes_and_Consequences.pdf

Reisman J., et al. Kinsey's Attic: Sheekada Naxdinta Leh ee Sida Nin Naagtiisa Jinsiga ahi u badashay Dunida. Daabacaadda Guriga Cumberland (2006).

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