Yarda da mata da maza ana kiranta da lesbianism (galibi sapphism, tribadism). Kalmar ta fito ne daga sunan tsibirin Lesbos na Girka, inda aka haifi tsohuwar budurwa Girkanci Sappho kuma ta rayu, a cikin ayoyin da akwai alamomi na soyayya tsakanin mata. Idan aka kwatanta da luwadi na maza, an yi karancin luwaɗan mata. Dangantaka tsakanin jinsi daya tsakanin mata ba karamar lalacewa bace kuma akwai karancin matsaloli, don haka babu wani takamaiman bukatar jagoranci kokarin bincike a wannan fannin. Koyaya, daga ƙaramin abin da aka sani game da mata shiga cikin jinsi na mace-mace, babu yadda za a yi hoto mai launi bakan gizo. Osean kishili da bisexual mata sun fi wahala rashin lafiyar kwakwalwa kuma nuna abubuwa da yawa da suka danganci rayuwarsu: dangantakar ɗan-gajere, shan giya, taba da kwayoyi, tashin hankali na abokan tarayya da haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan STD. Mazan 'yan madigo, fiye da takwarorinsu maza da mata, batun hadarin bunkasa kiba da cutar kansa, и mafi sau da yawa bayar da rahoton kasancewar arthritis, asma, bugun zuciya, bugun jini, karuwar cututtuka na yau da kullun da rashin ingantaccen kiwon lafiya a gaba ɗaya.

Etiology
Lesbianism by D. Nicolosi
Lesbianism by A. Sigler-Smaltz
Lesbianism by E. Bergler
Stats
HIV da STDs
Rashin hankali da jaraba
Rikicin
Ciwon daji da kiba
Yiwuwar canji

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Etiology

Dole ne a banbanta tsakanin halayyar 'yan luwadi da jan hankalin' yan luwadi, tunda ba lallai ne ɗayan ya kasance tare da ɗayan ba. Luwadi da madigo jan hankali koyaushe alama ce ta ilimin hauka, yayin luwadi hali ba lallai bane ya kasance tare da jan hankalin ɗan luwaɗi kuma, sabili da haka, baya yarda da ƙarshe game da kasancewar ilimin halayyar ɗan adam a cikin mai aikin. Dalilan da ke sa mutum mai lafiyayyen tunani yin ayyukan jima'i tare da jinsinsu ya sha bamban. Zasu iya sawa maimakon idan abokin kishiyar mace ya kasance ba ya halarta, to dole ne a aikata shi don son sani, son kaiyawan sha'awar sha'awa da zinaamma a lokaci guda za a hana shi kowane irin luwaɗanci da motsin zuciyarmu. Wasu girlsan mata matasa, a ƙarƙashin rinjayar kafofin watsa labarai, yanzu sun yanke shawara cewa su 'yan lesbian ne saboda basu taɓa fuskantar kusancin motsin zuciyar maza ba kuma suna jin daɗin hulɗa da mata. Tabbas wannan babu shakka ya kasance mai sauri ne da kuma yanke hukuncin kashe kansa, tunda duk macen da take haihuwar tana da kyakkyawar fahimta, kusanci da fahimta tare da abokanta fiye da maza. Bugu da kari, yanzu ya zama na zamani tsakanin samari don bayyana “bisexual” su, wasu ‘yan mata suna yin gwaji da jinsi fiye da yadda ake saboda al'adun su. Irin waɗannan lamuran ba su da sha'awar wannan labarin: zai mai da hankali ga luwaɗanci, wanda aka nuna shi da wahala da wahala don shawo kansa, wani lokacin har ma da tilasta sha'awar jima'i mutum. Kasancewar irin wannan jan hankalin mutum ya nuna cewa yayin aiwatar da ilimin halinsa na psychosexual wani lamari ya faru wanda ya kawo cikas ga al'amuransa na yau da kullun da kuma kawo cikas ga cimma nasarar matakin karshe - na maza. Ta wannan hanyar libidinized liwadi jijiyoyi ne alama ce ta rashin nutsuwa da jijiyoyi.

Za mu yi karamin digoro don fahimtar abin da ke tattare da neurosis daga hangen nesa na ilimin halayyar mutum. Edmund Bergler a cikin aikinsa "Ainihin Neurosis" ya bayyana neurosis a matsayin “anachronistic (i.e., bai dace da cutar ba) sane", Wanda ya danganta da rikici na sha'awa mara ma'ana, tsoro, laifi da aiki hanyoyin kariya... A wasu kalmomin, muna magana ne game da ɗan taƙaitaccen halin rashin hankali, wanda aka bayyana a cikin laulayi da halaye masu halakar da kai, amma ba tare da rasa ma'amala da gaskiyar ba (kodayake fahimtarsa ​​tana da matukar gurbata). Gwaninta na asibiti ya tabbatar da cewa neurosis yana ci gaba ne kawai tsawon shekaru.

Dalilin cutar neurosis ita ce ta waje ko damuwa na ciki wanda ke haifar da rauni na hankali, wanda daga baya aka tilasta shi zuwa cikin sihiri. Dangane da jan hankali tsakanin jinsi guda, wannan na iya zama lalata, kirkirarru ko ƙin yarda na ƙwarai daga takwarorinsu ko iyayensu, rashin iya kulla kyakkyawar dangantaka da mambobin jinsi ɗaya. Mai haƙuri bai san ainihin rikice-rikicen da ke faruwa ba, kuma kawai rashin tsaro a kan matsalar da aka matsa ana bayyane a saman. Neurottic din koyaushe yana kan neman mutum ko yanayin da zai ba da damar sake sanin yanayin aikin sa. Ana iya kwatanta shi da wani mutum wanda ke ɗauke da rikodin gramophone tare da shi ko'ina kuma yana ci gaba da neman hanyar da zai iya buga rikodin sa kawai - halin sa na rashin sani.

Ya kamata a lura cewa a zahiri всех mutane suna da raunin jijiyoyin jiki, amma ba dukansu suna faɗaɗa girman har zuwa wani abin da ke haifar da neurosis. Wannan matsala ce mai yawa, ba inganci (kodayake, kamar yadda Hegel ya lura, lokacin na iya zuwa lokacin da adadin ya zama mai inganci). Bambanci mai ban sha'awa tsakanin mutum na al'ada da mai jijiyoyin zuciya shine tsohon ya shawo kan rikice-rikice na yarinta har zuwa mafi girma kuma yana da mafi ma'anar hangen nesa a zahiri, yayin da karshen ke cin mutuncin gaskiya don a maimaita maimaita rikice-rikice na yara.

Lesbianism by D. Nicolosi

Kamar yadda wanda ya kirkiro Associationungiyar forasa don Nazarin ofan Amincewa ya bayyana, Dr. Yusufu Nicolosi, Babban rikicin da ke haifar da madigo shi ne kin san yarinyar da take yi a sume. Sau da yawa, wannan ƙin yarda yana dogara ne akan raunin tunanin mutum, wanda ya hana kafa alaƙa da mahaifiya yayin wani mahimmin lokaci don ci gaban asalin mace. Ko da yarinya ba ta nuna halin miji na fili ba, da kyau, har yanzu za ta sami alamun rikice-rikicen jinsi. A wasu halaye kuma, girlsan matan da suka juye zuwa neman 'yan madigo a hankali suna yanke shawarar cewa kasancewa mace abin so ne ko rashin aminci. Wasu uwaye ba tare da sani ba suna gabatar da theira withansu mata da ƙaunataccen hoton mace, suna gabatar da rauni ko mara kyau don ganewa. Ta hanyar ƙin yarda da uwa mata a matsayin abin ganowa, girlsan mata ma sun ƙi mace irin ta iyayensu mata. Misali, lura da uwa mai mika wuya, mai jure wulakanci da tashin hankali daga namiji, yarinya a hankalce ta yanke shawara: "idan wannan yana nufin kasancewa mace, to bana son zama daya." Wani lokaci irin wannan martani yakan haifar da lalata da namiji tun yana ƙarami. A mahangar yarinyar, kasancewarta mace ko yaya na haifar da tashin hankali kuma, saboda haka, don kare kanta, yarinyar tana ganin ya zama dole a yi watsi da bangaren mata na "matsala". Matan da ake lalata da su ko fyade a lokacin yarinta da samartaka kusan baza su iya amincewa da maza ba. Sabili da haka, za su iya juyawa zuwa ga mata don gamsar da buƙatar ƙauna da sha'awar jima'i.

Sau da yawa, irin waɗannan matan suna dace da halaye irin na maza har ma da bayyana. Wannan tsohuwar hanyar tsira ce, ta yi daidai da maganar: “Idan wani ya yi mini laifi, zan zama kamarsa - don kada a cutar da ni. Zan kasance cikin wadanda ke mulki. " Yawancin 'yan mata da ke fama da rikice-rikice tsakanin maza da mata sun shagalta da ƙarfi, ta'adi, da kuma rudu waɗanda suke taka rawar kariya. A cikin girma, irin waɗannan matan na iya yin sadomasochism, mamayar, ko taken "fata". Waɗannan ayyukan suna sakin rikice-rikice na rikice-rikice a cikin al'amuran jinsi. Yarinyar da ta kasa ganewa da mahaifiyarta ta danne fushin da aka yi mata, saboda, a wani bangare, tana son ta, a dayan kuma, ta ji rauni da ita.

Wasu 'yan lesbian suna shan wahala sosai daga gazawar hanyar ganowa, amma daga rashin biyan bukatar kulawa ta mahaifa. Irin waɗannan matan suna da halin sane da tunanin su maido da wata muguwar alaƙa da mahaifiyarsu, wanda suka samo asalinsu a cikin wata mace. Kyakyawar dangantakar lesbian ya ta'allaka ne akan cewa mace ta “cika” kuma an haɗa ta da kanta wacce aka tilasta mata sakace - mace. Tana ta karɓar ta daga wata mace, amma irin wannan hanyar maganin ƙwaƙwalwar matsala ba ta kawo waraka ga rai ba. Hadin gwiwa da wata mace zai ba da kyakykyawar amincin ne kawai, wanda dole ne yakamata a sami goyan bayan saurin hanyoyin yaudarar kai da murdiya na gaskiya.

Lesbianism by A. Sigler-Smaltz

Likita mai warkarwa Andria Sigler-Smaltz, tsohuwar 'yar madigo, wacce a yanzu haka tayi aure, ya bayyana yanayin dangantakar 'yan madigo.

'Yan ƙabilar Lesbian sun fi son mutane ta jima'i don gamsar da muradinsu da ba su san abin yi ba kuma suna tsoron tattaunawa ta gaba da jima'i. A cikin lesbianism, mace ta “makale” a cikin ci gaba kuma don haka ba za ta iya ci gaba zuwa lafiyar namiji ba. Lokacinda daidai da yadda ake cin zarafin ingantaccen ci gaba, yakan ƙayyade matsayin matsalolin sa tare da asalin maza.

Drivingarfin motsawa a cikin dangantakar 'yan madigo shine rashin haɗin kai da damuwa game da jinsi na su, wanda, a matsayinka na doka, ba a haɗa da jinsi ba kamar yadda a cikin luwadi maza. Clientaya daga cikin abokan ciniki, da ta fahimci cewa dangantakarta na 'yan madigo ta sake daidaita buƙatarta na ƙaunar mahaifiyarta, ta bayyana mani:

“Idan na sadu da wata mace, wacce na shagala da ita, wani abu a cikina ya ce: “Za ki zama uwata?” Wannan baƙon abu ne mai ƙarfi wanda ba zan iya yin komai ba. Nan da nan na ji karami. "Ina son ta lura dani, ina son zama na musamman gareta, kuma wannan sha'awar ta kama hankalina."

Wasu 'yan lesbian suna fuskantar mummunan tunani da rikice-rikice na ciki tare da maza, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga rashin damar karɓar namiji. Haka kuma, wasu daga cikinsu suna da alaƙar ganewa da asalin tsattsauran ra'ayi, inda ake ganin mata ƙwararru masu kyau ne, yayin da ake ganin maza kamar masu ƙima, masu sha'awar jima'i da rashin amfani. Ba ko kaɗan ba ne cewa matan da suka tsinci kansu cikin rayuwar jima'i na jimawa sun fara fuskantar ƙiyayya ga dangantakar maza.

Babban bambancin asali tsakanin maza da mata shine, yawan tarawa da kuma sha'awar jima'i ba lallai ba ne abubuwan da ke tattare da dangantakar 'yan madigo. Ga mata kishili, “jan hankalin mutum” suna taka muhimmiyar rawa fiye da jan hankalin mata. Harkokin yanayi waɗanda jima'i muhimmi ne waɗanda ke da alaƙa da gaskiyar cewa alama ce ta saduwa da tausayawa.

Biabilar Lesbian sau da yawa suna jin motsin "Ba zan iya rayuwa ba tare da kai ba" dangane da juna. A duban farko, akwai yuwuwar haɗuwa ta musamman a cikin waɗannan dangantakar, amma duba wuri yana nuna halayen da ke nuna haɗuwa mai ƙarfi da ke cike da tsoro da damuwa. Maɓallin rikice-rikice suna bayyana a cikin maimaita jigogi masu alaƙa da samuwar asali. Misali, muna ganin tsoron kar a bar shi da / ko kuma a sha, gwagwarmayar iko da iko (ko rashin tsaro), da kuma sha'awar hada wani da wani don samun nutsuwa da mahimmanci.

Dangantaka tsakanin mata tana kara samun kusantar juna fiye da yadda ake hada su, kuma ba sabon abu bane ga ma'aurata 'yan mata su rage hankali da dangi ko kuma manyan abokai. Irin wannan nesantawar yana bayar da iko akan abokin tarayya, yana hana mulkin kansa, kuma yana aiki ne azaman kariya daga barazanar da ake samu ga kawancensu mai rauni.

Duk da cewa kawancen lesbian galibi ya fi na maza, yawanci suna cike da tashin hankali ta hanyar tunani kuma suna riƙe da “liƙa” na kishi *, cin amana da cin hancin da yawa. A cikin wadannan halaye, tashin hankali yana da girma sosai, kuma rikice-rikice suna da matukar rikitarwa. Excessivearfin wuce haddi a lokaci guda, kiran waya mai yawan gaske, bayarda rarraba katunan ko kyaututtuka, sauri cikin motsi a karkashin rufin daya da hada hada-hadar kudade - wadannan su ne wasu hanyoyin da zasu kare kai daga mulkin mallaka. A cikin irin wadannan dangantawar, muna ganin yaudarar da aka makala mai kyau - dogaro ta fuskar tunani da matsanancin shiga tsakanin al'umma.

* An lura da halayyar kishi na halayen 'yan madigo a cikin tsararren aikin Kraft-Ebbing na 1886 na shekara "Rashin hankalin mutane game da jima'i": "Wannan haramcin abokantaka yana haɓaka musamman a gidajen yarin mata kuma yana ɗaukar rakiyar kishi da sha'awar sha'awa. Muddin yarinyar ta ga cewa wani fursuna ya yi murmushi ga mai sonta, wani lamarin da ya nuna tsananin kishi ya tashi zuwa yaƙin. " wannan ya tabbatar da mai kula da gidan yarin mata na zamani: "Ga irin waɗannan ma'auratan kuna buƙatar ido da ido, saboda abin kunya a tsakanin su na da muni: ba ku duba ba, ba ku murmushi ba, wannan kawai - an yi faɗa da faɗa. Hakanan sun rabu cikin hanyar da kowa yasan - tare da ƙarairayi mai ƙarfi da kuma raba kayan da suke da sauƙi. ”  Kuma a cewar wani labarin game da kurkukun mata: "Abubuwan da suka fi dacewa, masu zubar da jini, wasu lokuta har ma da masu kisa, suna faruwa daidai a cikin mazaunan mata na sararin samaniya bayan Soviet kuma akasari saboda kishin coble ('yan lesbians masu aiki)." 

Lesbianism by E. Bergler

Halittar mace ta liwadi daidai take ga namiji: rikicin da ba a warware masala tare da mahaifiyar ƙuruciya. A cikin yanayin baka na ci gaba (farkon shekarun 1,5 na rayuwa), wata 'yar madigo lesbian tana tafiya cikin jerin mawuyacin hali da mahaifiyarta, wanda ke kawo cikas ga nasarar wannan aikin. Thewararrun rikice-rikice na asibiti shine cewa yana wakiltar tsarin da ba a san shi ba: ƙungiyar masochistic "taro na rashin adalci", wanda ƙiyayya ta rufe shi, wanda ke rufe ƙazamar ƙauna ga wakilin hoto na rashin tausayi na mahaifiyar (jijiyoyin jijiyoyi ne kawai na iya yin motsin zuciyar ersatz da maganganun karya).

'Yan ƙabilar Libian na da jijiyoyin kai da ɓoye na rashin sani, wanda ke haifar da mummunan yanayin quroquo, barkwanci akan mai rufin asiri. Na farko, 'yan madigo, a rikice, ba lalata bane, amma m Rikici: Gindi masoya kwakwalwa neurotic-regressed neurotic wani rikici ne mai rikicewa wanda ba a warware shi wanda ya dawo kamar boomerang saboda laifi kuma kawai na biyu libidinized. Abu na biyu, karkashin yaudarar “miji da mata”, ke sanya alakar auratayya yaro da uwa. Abu na uku, lesbianism yana ba da ra'ayi game da gaskiyar ilimin halitta; mai lura da rashin hankali yana makantar da tunaninsu na son rai, alhali a karkashinsa akwai cutar sankarar jijiya.

Duniyar waje, cikin jahilcinsa, ya ɗauki matan 'yan matan da ke da ƙarfin hali. Koyaya, ba kowane mace mai ƙarfin hali ba ne liwadi. Ta wani bangaren, mace ta 'yar madigo da ke yin koyi da maza wajen sutura, hali da alaƙa kawai tana nuna ɓarnar da ke ɓoye ainihin rikici. Mai rikicewar mai kallo bazai iya bayanin '' madigo '' yar madigo ba ko kuma gaskiyar cewa al'adar 'yan madigo, nuna rashin jin dadi, an fi mayar da hankali ne akan cunnilingus da tsotse nono, kuma cin zarafin juna ta hanyar dildos an mai da hankali ne a kusa da tsinke, wanda ba a sani ba tare da kan nono.

Shekarun 30 na kwarewar asibiti ya nuna cewa lesbianism yana da matakai biyar: 
1) ƙaunar masoya ga uwa; 
2) veto na lamirin ciki yana hani da "nishaɗi daga fushi"; 
3) kariya ta farko shine gurbata-ƙiyayya; 
4) maimaita ambaton lamirin ciki yana hana ƙiyayya da kowane irin uwa ga uwa;
5) Kare na biyu shine kalmar ƙauna.

Don haka, lesbian ba “ƙaunar mace ga mace bane”, amma asalin ƙaunar macen masoya ne wanda ya ƙirƙira wata yar yar asalin cikin gida wanda ba ta fahimta da shi. 
Wannan tsarin kariya a cikin lesbianism yayi bayani: 
a. Dalilin da yasa 'yan lesbian ke halin babban tashin hankali da kishin cuta. A zahirin gaskiya, wannan nau'in kishi ba komai bane illa tushe don 'taro na rashin adalci'. 
b. Me yasa ƙiyayya mai ƙarfi, wanda aka bayyana a wasu lokuta a cikin hare-hare na zahiri, ya ɓoye sosai cikin dangantakar abota. Tsarin soyayya mai ƙauna (Layer na biyar) murfin kariya ne kawai maganganun karya. 
c. Dalilin da yasa 'yan lesbian suka fara zuwa ga matsalar shubuha (nesa da miji da mata) - hakan yana haifar da dangantakar abokantaka ta uwa da yaro, tushenta a cikin rikice-rikice na pre-oedipal, dauke da nauyin laifi.
in Me yasa bashi da amfani muyi tsammanin dangantakar ɗan adam mai gamsarwa tsakanin tsarin cutar lesbianism 'Yar madigo ba tare da saninsa ba tana neman farincikin masoya a koyaushe, don haka ta gaza samun walwala.

Har ila yau, wannan hadaddiyar hanyar 'yar madigo ta yi bayanin dalilin da ya sa rikice-rikicen mata da uwa ba ya ragu. A karkashin ci gaba na al'ada, yarinyar ta warware rikici ta hanyar rarrabuwa: tsohuwar "ƙiyayya" ta kasance tare da mahaifiyar, an sanya bangaren "ƙauna" ga mahaifin, kuma a maimakon du biyun "mahaifiyar-uwa" (lokaci preedipal) yanayi mai cike da kusurwa uku-uku “uwa-uba-uba” ya taso. 'Yar madigo ta gaba tayi kokarin yin hakan, kawai sai a sake jefa ta cikin rikicin na asali. Oedipal “mafita” (kanta wani tsaka-tsakin yanayi da yaro ya bari yayin ci gabansa na al'ada) shine cewa 'yan madigo suna amfani da suturar matar-miji (mahaifin-uwa) a matsayin abin kariya.

Wajibi ne a rarrabe tsakanin nau'ikan asaran sani guda biyu: "jagoranci" (jagora) da kuma "jagoranci" (ɓatarwa). Na farko yana wakiltar sha'awar mutum, wanda aka kirkiri shi a ƙarshen sakamakon rikici, na biyu kuma yana nufin ganowa ne tare da mutanen da aka zaɓa don musantawa da ƙin tsawatawar lamirin ciki daga waɗannan sha'awar. Alamar “jagoranci” ta nau'in nau'in 'yar madigo tana nufin preedipal uwaye da "jagoranci" ga mahaifin oedipal. A cikin nau'ikan m, alamun "jagoranci" yana nufin ɗan, kuma "jagoran" zuwa oedipal uwaye.

Duk abubuwan da ke sama, ba shakka, sun barata ta hanyar shaidar asibiti, wanda aka bayyana dalla-dalla a cikin littattafan E. Bergler.

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Stats

By sabuwar data Medicalungiyar likitocin Amurka (AMA) 'yan madigo fiye da mata masu haila suna ba da rahoton tashin hankali, rashin lafiya, matsaloli masu yawa, lalata giya, da shan sigari. Sauran hanyoyin kara zuwa wannan jeri kara hadarin nono, damuwa, tashin hankali, cututtukan zuciya, ciwon daji na ƙwayar cuta, kiba, gudanarwar magunguna na cikin jiki, da kuma duk haɗarin yin jima'i mara kariya tare da maza da yawa.

HIV da STDs

Yawan karatu ^{[1, 2, 3]}, kafa ingantacciyar ma'amala tsakanin halayen ɗan kishili a tsakanin maza da mata da rashin uba a farkon ƙuruciyarsu, kuma haka ya fi yawa a cikin 'yan mata fiye da samari. ^{[1, 2]}. Ayan bayani mai yiwuwa yana nuna cewa kasancewar (ko rashi) na uba a cikin gida ana ganin shi alama ce ta tabbatar da dorewa da amincin alaƙa da maza. A wani bayanin kuma, 'yan matan da suka tsira daga kisan iyayensu tun suna kanana sun fara yin jima'i da wuri kuma suna da abokan jima'i na gajeren lokaci.

Karatun ya nuna cewa halayen jima'i da aka 'yanci sun yi daidai da dangantaka da liwadi. Matan da ba sa kamewa ga maza suna da yawan masu tarawa, wadanda da yawa daga cikinsu na iya kasancewa mata ne. A cewar kwanan nan bincikeMatan da ke da abokan tarawar maza da yawa suna da abokan tarayya na mata da yawa.

A cewar bayarwa Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka ta Amurka (CDC) a gaban 97% na 'yan lesbian sun yi jima'i da maza (28% a bara), tare da 86% suna yin ma'amala da kwayar cuta ta 48%. Yayi kafacewa matan da suka yi jima'i da wasu mata (WSW) sun fi matan da namiji yawan yin jima'i ko na baki tare da abokin tarawa, da alama cewa suna da abokan tarawa fiye da 50 mafi girma ta 350%. Yawancin abokan tarayya, mafi girman hadarin kamuwa da cuta. Gabaɗaya, WSW karin karkata zuwa yin jima'i da maza masu luwaɗi (wani ɓangare saboda gaskiyar cewa suna jin ƙarin kwarin gwiwa tare da “masu tunani iri ɗaya”), wanda ya fi dacewa yana kara hadarin su kamuwa da cuta tare da kwayar cutar HIV, hepatitis C da sauran sifofin STDs na MSM (mutanen da suka yi jima'i da maza).

Idan aka kwatanta da matan 32% na maza, 44% WSW ya ruwaito Game da cututtukan da suka gabata na ɗayan cutar STDs. Mafi yawan cututtukan STDs ana daukar kwayar cutar tsakanin mata hada da kwayar cuta ta kwayan cuta, Chlamydia, cututtukan ƙwayar cuta da kuma papillomavirus na mutum, wanda shine pathogen ciwon daji na mahaifa.

A cikin shekaru fiye da 20 da suka gabata, ƙungiyar 'yan madigo ya zama mafi yawan jima'i. Mujallun batsa, shagunan wasan kwaikwayo na jima'i, da kamfanonin fina-finan batsa da 'yan madigo ke yi da kuma gudanar da su sun yaɗu. Ƙungiyoyin 'yan madigo suna tallata dare na "Ina son farji" kuma suna alfahari da nuna "aikin" a rumfunan banɗaki. Ƙungiyoyin BDSM na madigo sun kasance a mafi yawan manyan biranen Amurka, kuma polyamory kuma yana ƙara zama gama gari. Wasu 'yan madigo kwanan nan sun fara kwaikwayi ayyukan jima'i na MSM, gami da fishing, rimming.35%), urolagnia da allurar dubura ta abubuwa (25%) Tabbas wannan halayen yana da alaƙa da mummunar haɗarin kiwon lafiya.

Rashin hankali da jaraba

Yawancin hanyoyin ^{[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]} lura cewa CSF ta ba da rahoton 2-3 sau da yawa game da ɓacin rai, damuwa da tunanin kisan kai. Yanayin matan matan da aka sani da “bisexual” musamman abin damuwa ne. Haka kuma, tsakanin WSW akwai yuwuwar jinkirtawa da kuma guji neman taimakon likita. Wani mummunan yanayin shine wasu mata, waɗanda aka fara gano su a matsayin 'yan madigo, daga baya sun canza asalinsu zuwa "transgender", wanda ke sanya su cikin haɗarin lalacewa mai lalacewa daga shan kwayoyin halittar maza, zubar da aikin tiyata da kuma ƙarin azabar ta hankali.

A cewar bayarwa Psyungiyar Psywaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar Baƙi, WSW sau 3 ne mafi kusantar su sha wahala daga rikicewar amfani da abubuwa kuma ya fi dacewa da cin mutuncin giya da kwayoyi masu wahala. Kamar yadda ya gabata, waɗannan ƙididdigar baƙin ciki ana amfani dasu ta hanyar “bisexual” mata. Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Amurka (HHS) Kiwan lafiyar mata  ya tabbatar:

"Shaye-shaye da shaye-shayen miyagun ƙwayoyi sun bayyana sun fi zama ruwan dare a tsakanin 'yan madigo (musamman mata matasa) fiye da tsakanin mata' yan matan da ke saduwa ... Matan bisexual sun fi wasu damar yin allurar kwayoyi kuma suna cikin haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan da ake ɗauka ta hanyar jima'i."

Bincike a cikin jihar Kalifoniya ta nuna cewa haɗarin dogara da barasa a cikin CSW yana ƙaruwa sau 4, miyagun ƙwayoyi - ta lokutan 3,5, da kowane ɓarna da ke da alaƙa da amfani da abubuwan psychoactive - ta hanyar 3,4.

Rikicin

Babban bincike ya nuna cewa 'yan madigo da kuma matan bisexual na lokacin ƙuruciya sun sami rashin daidaituwa "Ficewa da ci gaba da tashin hankali". Ga yawancin 'yan lesbian, tashin hankali baya ƙarewa a cikin ƙuruciya kuma yanzu haka yana ci gaba akan ɓangaren abokin tarayya. Ma'aurata 'yan Lesbian mafi sau da yawafiye da maza ɗan kishili waɗanda ke fama da masu tayar da hankali.

Wani bincike na APA ya gano cewa 47,5% na 'yan lesbian sun taɓa fuskantar cin zarafi ta jiki daga abokin tarayya. Irin wannan bayanai gabatar CDC - 40,4% na 'yan lesbian sun cutar da ita ta hanyar abokin tarayya; a cikin 29,4%, tashin hankalin ya kasance mai tsanani: bugi, tsirar abinci ko kuma buga wani abu mai wuya.

"Jaridar Nazarin Iyali na HLBT" ya ruwaitocewa 70,2% na 'yan lesbian sun sami wulakancin tunani a cikin shekarar da ta gabata. Wani nazarin saukarcewa 69% na matan da ke da dangantaka da jinsi daya sun ba da rahoton tashin hankali, da kuma 77,5% na halayen sarrafawa akan ɓangaren abokin tarayya. Daga bayarwa sake duba CDC na kwanan nan, a kan matsakaita 63,5% na 'yan lesbian sun sami ɗanɗanar halayyar ɗan adam daga abokin tarayya, mafi yawan lokuta ana nuna su a cikin rabuwa daga dangi da abokai, wulakanci, cin mutunci da kuma tabbacin cewa babu wanda ya buƙace su.

Iearya da abokan aiki bikinwannan tsokana a dangantakar 'yan madigo galibi al'adar juna ce. A cikin samfurin su, 23,1% na 'yan lesbian sun ba da rahoton tilasta jima'i daga abokin tarayya na yanzu, da 9,4% daga abokin tarayya na baya. Bugu da kari, 55.1% ya ba da rahoton maganganu na magana da tashin hankali. A wata bincike an gano cewa idan aka kwatanta da 17,8% na mata masu haila, 30,6% na 'yan lesbian sunyi jima'i da nufin su, kuma bisa ga Waldner-Haugrud (1997⁽¹⁾) 50% na 'yan lesbian sun dandana tashin hankali ta hanyar abokin tarayya.

В labarin 1994 na shekara a cikin mujallar “Journal of Interpersonal Rikici” ya yi magana game da matsalolin rikice-rikice da tashin hankali a cikin haɗin gwiwar mata. Masu binciken sun gano cewa 31% na masu ba da amsa sun ba da rahoton cewa sun ɗanɗana aƙalla ɗaya aukuwa na cin zarafin jiki ta abokin tarayya. A cewar Nicols (2000), 54% na mata masu luwadi sun ruwaito sun sami goguwar 10 ko fiye da tashin hankali ta hanyar abokan tarayya, 74% nuna alamun 6 - 10.

Dangane da binciken da gwamnatin Kanada ta yi:

"... rikici tsakanin mata ya faru sau biyu tsakanin ma'aurata 'yan luwaɗi idan aka kwatanta da na maza da mata: 15% da 7%, bi da bi" (Auna Canjin Rikicin Mata: Tsarin istididdiga 2006, p.39).

Binciken kasa da aka yiwa Matan Zamani ya nuna cewa “masu yin jinsi daya suna da babban matakin tashin hankali fiye da masu yin jinsi daya. 39% na masu amsa sun ruwaito cin zarafi ta jiki da ta tunani ta abokin tarayya idan aka kwatanta da 21,7% na masu amsawa daga haɗuwa ta maza (CDC 2000) Mafi mahimmanci babban kudade Rikici tsakanin WSW hakika yana ba da gudummawa ga damuwar hankalinsu.

Ciwon daji da kiba

Matan da ba su taɓa haihuwa ba suna cikin haɗarin cutar kansa. Harkar Kiwan Mata (HHS) bayanin kula dacewa homonin da aka saki lokacin daukar ciki da shayarwa suna kare mata daga cutar sankarar mama, sankarar mahaifa da kuma cutar sankarar kwan mace. WSW suna fuskantar waɗannan nau'o'in na ciwon daji har zuwa mafi girma, tunda basu cika yin ciki ba, kuma idan yayi hakan, to damar hakan zubar da ciki mafi girma. Bincike sun nuna sadarwa zubar da ciki tare da nono da kuma rikicewar tunani. Polycystic ovary syndrome, haɗari don cutar kansa, yafi sau da yawa samu tsakanin WSW.

Yawan karatu ^{[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]} ya nuna hakan ga matan luwadi da madigo halaye ne yawa mafi girma kudaden kiba (3 / 4 vs 1 / 2), wanda yana ƙaruwa suna da haɗari cututtukan zuciya, wasu nau'ikan cututtukan daji, da mutuwar farko. Girma adadin hujjojin kimiyya nuna Hadin gwiwar cututtukan zuciya tare da kara hadarin wasu nau'ukan cututtukan ciki, da suka hada da cutar Alzheimer da cutar bugun jini na jijiyoyin jiki.  Idan aka kwatanta da sauran nau'in matsayin aure, mata a cikin masu haɗin-gungun maza ɗaya ne mafi yawan mace-macewanda a cikin 'yan shekarun nan ke ci gaba da bunkasa.

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Yiwuwar canji

Yana da mahimmanci a san cewa ga mutanen da ke fuskantar sha'awar ɗan luwaɗan da ba a so, hakika akwai bege. Yawancin lokuta na gyaran warkewar nasara ba kawai na halayen luwaɗan ba, har ma da jan hankali aka bayyana dalla-dalla a cikin kwararrun littattafai. Edmund Bergler, wanda ya warkar da marasa lafiya game da 'yan luwadi na 30 a cikin shekarun 100 na aikin asibiti, bayanin kula daCewa, a mafi yawan halayen, liwadi, kamar maza ne, yana da kyakkyawar hangen nesa don ilimin aikin tilas. Rahoton Nationalungiyar forasa don Nazari da Magunguna game da liwadi yana ba da cikakkiyar bayyani game da yanayin rashin hankali, rahotanni na asibiti da bincike na kimiyya daga ƙarshen ƙarni na 19 zuwa yanzu, wanda ya tabbatar da cewa maza da mata masu sha'awar za su iya yin canji daga liwadi zuwa maza.

A shafin Muryar (s) na Fata da aka tattara game da shaidar bidiyo na 80 na mata da maza waɗanda suka watse tare da luwadi kuma suka jagoranci cikakken salon rayuwar maza. Kuma ko da imani shine dalili don canji a mafi yawan lokuta, addini ba shine babban yanayin canji ba, kodayake ba shakka taimako ne mai mahimmanci, saboda yana bawa mutum jagora bayyananne kuma yana ƙarfafa nufinsa a kan tsayayya da mummunan gefen halinsa.

An kafa shi kan akidar siyasa, Cibiyoyin likitancin Yammacin duniya sun yi hamayya da yadda ake son jan hankalin masu son jinsi guda daya a karkashin mahallin cewa yana da "cutarwa", amma a zahiri, sun yaudari jama'aba tare da bayyana cewa: 
(1) Dukkanin ayyukan ilimin hauka don duk matsalolin sirri da na mutane suna iya zama cutarwa; 
(2) Ilimin kimiyya da ke nunawa har yanzu bai nuna ko haɗarin cutar cutarwa ba a cikin hanyar kulawa da injin da ba a so ba, ya fi girma, daidai ne, ko ƙasa da haɗarin kowane psychotherapy.
Kuma yayin da APA a fili tayi Allah wadai da warkewa ƙoƙarin sake farfadowa, a cikin ta ƙwararren wallafe-wallafe sosaiwanda aka yi niyya ga kwararru ne suka ruwaito mai zuwa:

"Bayanai na baya-bayan nan sun nuna cewa halayyar dan luwaɗi za a iya canza ta ta hanyar kwantar da hankali a cikin abokan da ke motsa zuciya, kuma yunƙurin ajujuwar ba zai haifar da cutarwa ba.” 

Babu wani bincike a cikin wannan: har zuwa 1973 a cikin takaddar da ke ba da shawara don ware sonsyntonic (i, yarda ga mai haƙuri) liwadi daga cikin jerin matsalolin rashin hankalin, APA ya lura da, cewa "Hanyoyin magani na zamani suna ba da damar wani ɓangare na masu luwadi waɗanda suke so su canza yanayin su don yin hakan".

Bincike 2018 na shekara ya nuna cewa mafi yawan waɗanda suka nemi ƙungiyar ko masu sana'a na taimako sun sami manyan canje-canje tsakanin maza a cikin jima'i, asalinsu, da halayyar su. Kari akan haka, sun sami raguwar alamomin a kokarin kashe kansu, rashin kwanciyar hankali, da cin mutumcin abubuwa, haka kuma da karuwar aikin zamantakewa da mutunta kai. Kusan dukkan lahanin cutarwa ba su da mahimmanci, kuma ingantaccen sakamako masu kyau sun kasance daidai da waɗanda ke da ilimin halin ƙwaƙwalwa na al'ada na sauran matsalolin tunani.

Ya kamata a sani cewa matsalar kusantar luwadi ba ta bambanta da wata matsalar warkewa: "canji" ba ya nufin kwatankwacin cewa matsalar ta gushe gaba ɗaya. Misali, idan mutum yayi nasarar kawar da baqin ciki, wannan baya nuna cewa ba zai sake samun hakan ba. Hakanan, mutanen da suka kawar da miyagun ƙwayoyi ko jarabar giya za su fuskanci tsofaffin jarabobi, amma zuwa ƙarami mafi ƙaranci, da kuma tuntuɓe da maimaitawa hanya ce ba daidai ba.

Bai kamata a ga sauyi daga sauyi daga luwaɗan tsakanin mace da mace a matsayin tambaya ta "ɗaya ko ɗaya ba." Akwai wani ci gaba - wato, raguwar ci gaba a cikin sha'awar ɗan luwaɗi da kuma haɓaka halaye na maza, matsayin bayyanar wanda ya bambanta sosai. Yawancin waɗanda suka kawar da jaraba irin ta ɗan luwadi da taimakon psychotherapy, suna baƙin ciki kawai cewa ba su yi wannan ba tun da farko, saboda sun hakikance cewa ba za su iya ko kuma suyi ƙoƙarin canzawa ba.

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Zabin:

Daga Tomboys zuwa Lesbians (J. Nicolosi) .pdf

A cikin wannan hirar, mata biyu a cikin dangantakar 'yan madigo sun yi magana game da dalilan da suka sa su a wannan hanyar. Bayanan su cikakke suna karantar da ƙwarewar kwarewar asibiti a cikin ƙwararrun masaniyar, wanda ke nuna cewa lesbianism yakan dogara ne da matsanancin rauni da aka karɓa daga maza. Wannan rauni na iya bayyana kansa a cikin paterophobia (tsoron uba) da / ko androphobia (tsoron maza gabaɗaya). Ubannin mata waɗanda daga baya suka shiga cikin liwadi, yawanci marasa tausayi, zagi giya ko kuma tashin hankali.
Psychoungiyar Psychowararrun Americanwararrun Americanwararrun Americanwararrun ta Amurka ta lura cewa rashin mahaifa ɗaya ko iyayen biyu, galibi iyayen jinsi ɗaya da yaron, na iya kasancewa yana da alaƙa da alaƙar sha'awar ɗan luwaɗi. Ga girlsan mata, mutuwar uwa a yarinta na taka muhimmiyar rawa a wannan. Irin waɗannan 'yan matan suna da buƙata na tsarewa da burin dawo da alaƙa mai rauni tare da mahaifiyarsu, wanda samfurin su suke nema cikin wata mace ba tare da sun sani ba.

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Ta yaya aka jawo hankalin ɗan luwaɗi?