Theka la yankho la kalata ya 2018 lalandiridwa!

Uthenga wa 2020: Tetezani ulamuliro wasayansi ndi chitetezo cha anthu aku Russia

Kudandaula kwa 2023 kwa Murashko M.A.: https://pro-lgbt.ru/open-letter-to-the-minister-of-health/

Zowonjezera:

Minister of Health of Russian Federation
Mikhail Albertovich Murashko
127051 Moscow, St. Neglinnaya, 25, 3rd pakhomo, "Expedition"
info@rosminzdrav.ru
Press@rosminzdrav.ru
Kulandila kwa Unduna wa Zaumoyo kutumiza kalata

Federal State Budgetary Institution Science Science Center Center yotchedwa V.P. Serbia »Ministry of Health of Russia
119034, Moscow, Kropotkinskiy pa., 23
info@serbsky.ru

Purezidenti wa Russian Society of Psychiatrists
Nikolay Grigorievich Neznanov
Russian Society of Psychiatrists
N. G. Neznanov
192019, St. Petersburg, ul. Ankylosing spondylitis, 3
rop@s-psy.ru

Purezidenti wa Russian Psychological Society
Yuri Petrovich Zinchenko
Russian Psychological Society
Yu.P. Zinchenko
125009 Moscow, st. Mokhovaya, d.11, p. 9
dek@psy.msu.ru

Kope lazidziwitso: olandira olembedwa kumapeto kwa chikalatacho

Wotumiza:

c. m. n. Lysov V.
m'modzi pagulu lodziyang'anira pagulu
"Sayansi ya Choonadi"
science4truth@yandex.ru

Wokondedwa Mikhail Albertovich, wokondedwa Nikolai Grigorievich, wokondedwa Yuri Petrovich.

Ndikufunsani kuti muyankhe funso lotsatira, choyambirira, kuchokera pamalo anu anthu omwe ali ndi mwayi woyang'anira, chidziwitso choyenera ndi ulamuliro, komanso kuchokera pamalo anu akatswiri omwe akudziwa bwino zokhudzana ndi zamisala, psychology ndi neurology:

Kodi zamisala zamasiku ano zama psychology ndi psychology ku Russian Federation zili ndi lingaliro la chikhalidwe chokopa kugonana, chomwe chingafanane ndi zochitika zapakhomo, zamphamvu komanso chikhalidwe?

Ndikukhulupirira kuti pakadali pano, mwanjira yapadera yothetsera vuto la kuyendetsa kugonana ku Russia, kusagwirizana ndi kusankha kumawonedwa, chifukwa cha zomwe amachitcha. Sayansi "Yaikulu". Makamaka, sizikudziwika molingana ndi njira yanji mu malo apadera a Russia (ndikutanthauza akatswiri azamisala, akatswiri azamisala), kukonda kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha sikuwoneka ngati vuto, ndipo mawonekedwe monga kukopeka ndi kugonana kwa zinthu zopanda moyo, ana kapena nyama zimawerengedwa kuti ndi mavuto azakugonana. amayendetsa.

Pansipa ndipereka nkhaniyi mu fomu yowonjezereka, ndi malingaliro ndi ndemanga.

Kumbuyo kwa Funso

Mawu ali pamwambawa - omwe ndi lingaliro langa, njira yosankhira komanso yopanda tanthauzo pofotokozera mavuto okhudzana ndi kugonana - idakhazikika pakuwunikiridwa kwa kalasi V (F) ya International Classization of matenda a 10 ya World Health Organisation (apa ICD-10).

Mankhwala aku Russia asinthira ku ICD-10 kuchokera ku 01.01.1999 ya chaka malinga ndi Order of the Ministry of Health No. 170 ya 27.05.1997 ya chaka.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti ku Russian Federation, pafupifupi nthawi imodzi ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa ICD-10, buku lachipatala la "Models for diagnosis and chithandizo cha matenda amisala ndi chikhalidwe", lolemba prof. V.N. Krasnova ndi prof. I. Ya. Gurovich. Bukuli lafotokozera momveka bwino komanso mwatsatanetsatane zikhalidwe zokhudzana ndi chiwerewere:

Miyezo yamakhalidwe azakugonana ndi iyi: kugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, kukhwima kwa okwatirana, kulankhulana mwakufuna kwanu, kufunitsitsa kwa mgwirizano, kusapweteketsa thupi ndi malingaliro kwa thanzi la abwenzi ndi anthu ena. Kusokonezeka kwa zokonda zachiwerewere kumatanthauza kupatuka kulikonse kuchokera pachiwerewere, mosaganizira mawonekedwe ndi chikhalidwe chake, kuuma kwake komanso zina zake. Lingaliro ili limaphatikizapo zovuta zonse ziwiri m'lingaliro lakupatuka pamachitidwe achikhalidwe, komanso kuzikhalidwe zamankhwala ”¹.

Zolinga za chikhalidwe cha kugonana m'nthawi yathu ino: kukwatirana, kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, kukula kwa kugonana, kulankhulana mwaufulu ndi chikhumbo chofuna kusunga, kusakhalapo kwa kuwonongeka kwa thupi ndi khalidwe kwa iwe ndi ena. Kulumikizana kwa kudzizindikiritsa, komanso chikhalidwe cha kugonana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu, kugonana kwachilengedwe, mtundu ndi zaka za munthu. Kupatuka kwa kugonana kumatanthauza kupatuka kulikonse ku chikhalidwe cha kugonana, mosasamala kanthu za maonekedwe ake ndi chikhalidwe chake, kuuma kwake ndi zifukwa za etiological. Lingaliro limeneli limaphatikizapo kupatuka kwa chikhalidwe cha anthu komanso ku miyambo yachipatala.

Tanthauzo la "Sayansi Yachoonadi" 2023

Komabe, malinga ndi dongosolo Ministry of Health No. 1042 yolembedwa ndi 13.12.2012 malangizo omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa "Maupangiri odziwikitsa za matenda ndi zamavuto amisala" adachotsedwa², ndiye kuti, njira zamachitidwe azogonana ndi kugonana zimathetsedwera. Chifukwa chake, ndi 13.12.2012 mu psychiatry yaku Russia, njira yomwe olemba a ICD-10 amagwira ntchito pamavuto okonda kugonana.

Zotsutsana mu njira ya ICD-10

Mu ICD-10, akuti:

«paokha kuyang'ana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi sikumawoneka ngati vuto»³.

ICD-10 sichimasulira tanthauzo la mawu akuti "[kugonana]". Komabe, zitha kutsirizika kuchokera kulemba la ICD-10 kuti "kutengera kugonana" kumatanthauza chinthu chofanana ndi "zomwe amakonda". Mwachitsanzo, mundime ya "F66.1x Egodistonic Sex Oriental" adatchulidwa:

"... zokonda zogonana ...»⁴.

Ndipo m'ndime ya "F65 Mavuto Okonda Kugonana" amatchulidwa kuti:

«... zovuta zokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha amuna ndi akazi [anasamukira ku F66.-] ...»⁵.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mawu oti "kuphunzira" mu sexology ndi sexopathology ndi chochitika chomwe chalowa kwambiri mu sayansi ya zam'nyumba komanso sayansi yamaganizidwe aposachedwa, mu ma 1990's. Mu kusindikiza kwachiwiri kwa dikishonale, kusinthidwa ndi mapulofesa A.V. Petrovsky ndi M.G. "Yaroshevsky" kulowera "amatanthauziridwa kuti:

"Zolowera kugonana zolakwika ndi zoyendetsa"⁶.

Chifukwa chake, molingana ndi malingaliro a olemba a ICD-10, onse "mawonekedwe" ndi "kukopa" amatanthauza kukonda, malingaliro azisangalalo zogonana, pomwe "kutengera" kumatanthauza kusiyanasiyana kokonda kugonana.

Chifukwa chake, tanthauzo kuchokera ku ICD-10

«malingaliro okha pa amuna pawokha samayesedwa ngati vuto»

zofanana ndi izi:

«kukonda kugonana kokha sikuti kumayesedwa ngati vuto".

Kuphatikiza apo, pamutu, "F65 Dispecial Disference Disrupt," pedophilia amatanthauzidwa kuti:

«Zogonana zokonda ana»⁷.

Kuphatikiza apo, m'gawo lomweli, m'ndime F65.8 akuwonetsedwa:

"Mitundu ina yambiri ikupezeka. kuphwanya zokonda za kugonana ndi zogonana, chilichonse chomwe chimakhala chosowa. Izi zikuphatikiza mafoni onyansa, kukhudza anthu, ndi kuwasisita m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri kuti azikondweretsa kugonana (i.e., frotting). ndi nyama; kupsinjika kwamitsempha yamagazi kapena kupindika pofuna kupititsa patsogolo kugonana; makonda abwenzi omwe ali ndi vuto lililonse lapadera lotomikimwachitsanzo, ndi manja odulidwa ... Mutuwu ukuphatikizanso necrophilia»⁸.

Chifukwa chake, malinga ndi malingaliro a olemba a ICD-10, chikhumbo chakugonana [zokonda], cholimbana ndi chinthu chomwe chimagonana ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ngati "kukopeka amuna kapena akazi okhaokha", " osaganiziridwa ngati vuto ", pomwe lingaliro lamayendedwe akugonana likuyang'ana pa chinthu chamtsogolo cha anyamata kapena atsikana omwe ali ndi vuto lokhala ndi amuna ndi akazi okhaokha, poganizira ngati vuto la kugonana. Komanso, kukopeka kwa kugonana kolunjika pa chinthu chopanda moyo cha amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ndi nkhani yokopa ("heterosexual necrophilia") ndi vuto la kugonana. Komanso, kukopeka ndi kugonana kolunjika pa chinthu chamoyo cha amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ndi nkhani yokopa, yomwe ili ndi vuto la thupi, palokha ndi vuto la kugonana. Ndipo, potsirizira pake, kukopeka kwa kugonana kolunjika pa chinthu chamtundu wina wachilengedwe komanso kugonana kosiyana ndi nkhani yokopa ("kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha") ndi vuto la kugonana.

Umu ndi momwe momwe "malingaliro" azomwe akufotokozedwera mu Class V (F) ya ICD-10 amachokera.

Kukopa kugonana ndi chinthu chomwe chimasiyanitsidwa ndi amuna kapena akazi anzawo kumakwaniritsa njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakugonana mu Krasnov ndi Gurovich (onani pamwambapa), zomwe zidachotsedwa mothandizidwa ndi Unduna wa Zaumoyo mchaka cha 2012.

Mitundu yowoneka yakukopeka kwa kugonana - kwa chinthu china chakubadwa, mtundu wake, zinthu zopanda moyo, ndi zina zotere - sizimakwaniritsa izi. Komabe, ICD-10 pazifukwa zina imasiyanitsa zokopa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokopa (zokopa, yomwe ndi vuto pa se, onani F65.0, F65.4, F65.8), kuwonetsa kuti pa se osati chisokonezo.

Pamaziko a chiyani kusankha koterolo kumaloledwa? Kugawidwa kwamtunduwu kumatanthawuza kuti, poyerekeza kukopa kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, pakati pa kukopeka kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha (malinga ndi malangizo ali pamwambapa a Krasnov ndi Gurovich) ndi mitundu ina yopatuka (malinga ndi malangizo a pamwambapa a Krasnov ndi Gurovich) pali kusiyana, chifukwa chomwe kukopeka amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ndi "mtundu wamba ofanana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. "

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani?

Kukopa kwa amuna ndi akazi ndi gawo limodzi la thanzi la munthu, popeza momwe izi zimakhudzira chidwi chake zimapangitsa kubereka - kubereka ndi chidziwitso chofunikira kwambiri chaumoyo pamlingo wagengenetic ndi phylogenetic.

Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti zovuta zakulera zimadziwika kuti ndi zopatuka kuchoka ku World Health Organisation (pompano WHO):

"Kusabereka kulephera wogonanaosagwiritsa ntchito njira zakulera okwatirana khalani ndi pakati pachaka chimodzi "⁹.

Komanso kusabereka kumadziwika kuti:

"Matenda a kubereka, omwe akuwonetsedwa posakhalitsa pakati pa 12 kapena miyezi yambiri moyo wogonana popanda chitetezo cham'mimba "¹⁰.

Big Medical Encyclopedia (buku lachitatu losinthidwa ndi wophunzira Boris Vasilievich Petrovsky) limatanthauzira "moyo wogonana" monga:

"Zonse zomwe zimachitika kamodzi, m'maganizo komanso pamaubwenzi, zomwe zimakhazikika chifukwa chokhutira ndi zomwe amalakalaka"¹¹.

Ndizomveka kuti akatswiri a WHO samapereka zowonjezera za banja komanso moyo wakugonana kuchokera pamafanizo omwe ali pamwambapa: sizikunena kuti, mosasamala, timatanthawuza anthu angapo omwe ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha komanso mchitidwe wogonana pakati pa anthu omwe si amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, chifukwa izi zikugwirizana ndi mfundo zofunika kwambiri za biology ndi physiology.

Chifukwa chake, chimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira zomwe zimalekanitsa bwino kukopa kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ndi zokopa, komanso nthawi yomweyo kuphatikiza kukopa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ndikukopa zinthu zopanda moyo, zinthu za mtundu wina wamtundu wina, zinthu zakale (ndi zina), ndikuthekanso kwa kubereka monga zotulukapo kuzindikira kukopa mu mawonekedwe a coitus. Kuzindikira kwa kukopa kwa ma hetero-pogonana kwa hetero-sex coitus (mwachitsanzo, pakati pa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha kapena mitundu yosiyana) samatenga pakati.

Pa mulingo wagengenetic, mwa munthu wina amene amakopeka ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, mwayi wakubereka ungathe kusungidwa. Komabe, pankhaniyi, kubereka sikugwirizana ndi kuzindikira kwa kukopa kopanda amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. Ndipo izi zikufanizanso kukopa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ndi mitundu ina yosakhudzana ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha: mwa kuyankhula kwina, kuthekera kwa kubereka kwa munthu amene akukopa mitundu ina yachilengedwe, zinthu zopanda moyo, zinthu zakale (ndi zina) zimathanso kusungidwa. Izi sizotsutsana m'malo mokomera mayendedwe. «zilakalaka zachiwerewere» kwa ana kapena «yang'anani zinthu zopanda moyo ngati zolimbikitsa kugonana». Chifukwa chake, sipangakhale mkangano uliwonse pokomera kukhazikitsidwa kwa kukopeka ndi zokhudzana ndi amuna kapena akazi anzawo.

Kuphatikiza apo, monga tanena kale, kugonana kumagwirizana ndi kutanthauzira kwa Big Medical Encyclopedia, kutengera kutengera kwazinthu zathupi la amuna ndi akazi:

"Kugonana (coitus; kutanthauzira motere: kugonana, kugona pang'onopang'ono, kugwirizanitsa, kugonana) ndi njira yachilengedwe kuyambira kuyambira pomwe mbolo imalowetsedwa mu nyini ndikumatha ndi kumalumikizana"¹².

Chifukwa chake kugonana okha pakati pa anthu awiri ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha.

Pulofesa Andrei Anatolyevich Tkachenko pantchito yakeyu akuperekanso tanthauzo la zakugonana potengera luso la kubereka komanso kugwirizanitsa matupi amtundu wa mamuna ndi mkazi:

"Pambuyo pake (Godlewski, 1977) lingaliro lazomwe limakhazikitsidwa linayambitsidwa, lomwe limagogomeza zinthu zachilengedwe. Malinga ndi njirazi, mitundu ya mchitidwe wakugonana wachikulire ndi yachilendo kuti: 1 pazifukwa zosakonzekera sizimachotsa kapena kuchepetsa mwayi wogonana womwe ungayambitse umuna; 2) sadziwika ndi chizolowezi chopitiliza kupewa kugonana "¹³.

Kuphatikiza apo, otchedwa mitundu yolowa mchitidwe wogonana imakhala yodzala ndi chiopsezo chaumoyo: mwachitsanzo, machitidwe a anal eroticism, chifukwa cha kuthekera kwakumatha kwa gawo lomaliza la m'mimba thirakiti kufikira gawo lomvomera, limagwirizanitsidwa ndi zovuta zingapo komanso zopatsirana. Pothandizira izi, pali maziko ofunika owonetsetsa: Markland et al. (2016)¹⁴, Yarns et al. (2016)¹⁵, Rice et al. (2016)¹⁶, Boehmer et al. (2015)¹⁷, Spornraft-Ragaller (2014)¹⁸…. Komabe, ndandanda yazowopsa zakubadwa zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kugonana kwa amuna ena si cholinga cha kalatayi.

Palibe mgwirizano pakati pa akatswiri

Palibe mgwirizano pazakuchitika kwa kukopeka kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha pakati pa akatswiri pazachipatala ndi zamisala. Kugwirizana kwamgwirizano kumawonedwa pamadera ena akatswiri, otchuka komanso otchuka kwambiri omwe ndi American Psychiatric Association (apa APA) ndi American Psychological Association. Komabe, awa komanso ena samaimira mabungwe onse aku America akatswiri. Kuyanjana koyipa kumawonedwa, mwachitsanzo, pakati pa akatswiri a Alliance posankha chithandizo chamankhwala¹⁹, American College of Pediatrician²⁰, American Christian Psychologists Association²¹ ndi Catholic Medical Association²². Kuphatikiza apo, mabungwe akatswiri azamisala ndi akatswiri azamisala sakhala ku United States of America kokha, komanso ku Russia izi sizikuganiziridwabe. Monga momwe tikuganizira, Russian Society of Psychiatrists ndi Russian Psychological Society ndi mabungwe odziyimira pawokha, osati othandizira mabungwe omwe aku America. Ndizachidziwikire kuti sukulu yachipatala yapanyumba (makamaka zamisala ndi zamaganizidwe) imakhala ndi chidziwitso chokwanira cha sayansi komanso zamankhwala kuti chisavomereze zifukwa zochokera pakukangana kwa ad vecundiam. Kuphatikiza apo, monga tawonera koyambirira kwamagulu osokonezeka m'maganizo mu ICD-10, zomwe zalembedwazi ndizofunikira ndipo sizothandiza:

"Zomwe tafotokozazi komanso malangizo ake sakhala ndi tanthauzo latsatanetsatane ndipo sanena kuti akudziwitsanso za matenda amisala. Awo ndi magulu azizindikiro komanso ndemanga zomwe ambiri mwa alangizi ndi othandizira m'maiko ambiri padziko lapansi avomera ngati njira yabwino yofotokozera malire azigawo ”²³.

Gulu la asayansi ndi azachipatala liyenera kukhazikika pamalingaliro omveka, ndipo mgwirizano uliwonse pakati pa akatswiri ungakhale chifukwa chongotanthauzira zazachidziwitso zamatenda komanso zamphamvu, osatengera malingaliro amtundu uliwonse, ngakhale amiseche kwambiri. Kugawika kwa matenda amisala mu ICD-10 kukuwonetsa kunyalanyaza umboni wamalingaliro chifukwa cha zokonda zamalingaliro, zomwe zingakhudze thanzi komanso thanzi la odwala chifukwa cholephera kupereka chithandizo chamankhwala chofunikira.

Ndikukhulupirira kuti mukudziwa zazomwe zili ndi mtundu wa International Classization of matenda a 9, womwe udachitika mchaka cha 1983 pomwe gawo V "Matenda am'malingaliro" adasinthidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito ku USSR ndi gulu la akatswiri odziwa ntchito zapamwamba kwambiri. Gawo losinthidwa lafotokozeranso momveka bwino chomwe chilli chonse cha chilakolako chogonana ndi kupatukana ndi chizolowezi. Kodi nchiyani chimalepheretsa gulu lamakono la akatswiri amisala ndi akatswiri amisala kuti asavomereze malingaliro otsutsa a akatswiri ena aku America pankhani yokhudza zovuta zakugonana?

Kutsutsana kopatsa chidwi komanso gawo lofunikira la njira yothandizira kukopa chidwi cha amuna kapena akazi okhaokha m'njira zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimatsutsidwa m'mabuku angapo asayansi, onani Whitehead (2018)²⁴, Mayer ndi McHugh (2016)²⁵, Kinney (2015)²⁶, Rosik et al. (2012)²⁷, Cameron ndi Cameron (2012)²⁸, Schumm (2012)²⁹, Phelan et al. (2009)³⁰ neri Al.

Kuphatikiza pa maphunziro azikhalidwe, palinso zitsanzo za psychopathological zokopa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha: Nicolosi (2004)³¹, Vasilchenko ndi Valliulin (2002)³², Liebig (2001)³³, Tkachenko (1997)³⁴, van der Aardweg (1985)³⁵ ... Apanso, kufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane kwa njira za etiopathogenetic komanso zochizira zokopa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha sicholinga cha kalatayi.

Kuopsa kotsatira zandale «chachikulu»

Ndikuwona kuti ndikofunikira kutsindika kuti ofufuza ena amalozera ku kuponderezedwa kwa malingaliro olowera pazikhalidwe za sayansi pazotsimikizira chikhalidwe: Martin (2016)³⁶, Jussim et al. (2015)³⁷, Duarte et al. (2015)³⁸, Schumm (2010)³⁹ neri Al.

Kusintha kwa kukopeka kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha (limodzi ndi zopatuka zina zambiri, mindandanda yomwe siyili ya cholinga cha kalatayi) malingana ndi malingaliro otere amatanthauza zomwe zimatchedwa kuti Sayansi "Yaikulu", ndiye kuti, yotsatira pambuyo pa malingaliro ena andale, ndi zina zotere "Kulondola pandale."

Pamaganizidwe apakati pa "mainstream" mu sexology, liwu loti "malingaliro ofuna kugonana", lotanthauza kuphatikiza "MISONKHANO YOSAVUTA" yokopa, idayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwakuchepa.

Izi zimaphatikizapo kukopa kugonana ndi nyama (Beetz (2004)⁴⁰, Aggrawal (2011)⁴¹, Miletski, 2017)⁴² - otchedwa "Zochita. T.N. "Kutengera kugonana kwa amuna okhaokha" kumatanthauza kukopa ana (Harvard Medical School (2010)⁴³, Seto (2012)⁴⁴, Berlin, 2014)⁴⁵. Liwulo ["kutengera"] likugwiritsidwanso ntchito kutanthauza kukopa zinthu zopanda moyo (Marsh, 2010)⁴⁶ kapena kusowa kwa chilakolako chogonana pa gawo limodzi (lotchedwa "kupita kosiyanasiyana." onani Bogaert (2015)⁴⁷, Helm (2016)⁴⁸).

Ndipo zowonadi, monga tafotokozera kale, njira zomwe malingana ndi kukopeka kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha zimatanthauzidwa monga mtundu wa chikhalidwe cha kugonana kumagwiranso ntchito ku chiwonetsero chilichonse cha chilakolako cha kugonana. Mu International Classization of matenda a 11 kukonzanso (pano ICD-11), kukopeka ndi kugonana kwa ana, nyama, zinthu zopanda moyo, ndi zina zambiri. - ndichizolowezi pa se, [mitundu iyi ya ma sex drive] amaonedwa ngati vuto pokhapokha ngati "ayambitsa"⁴⁹.

Ndiye kuti, njira zonse zamitundu yosiyanasiyana zomwe zimakopa kugonana zimangobwereza njira "yoyenda" ndi kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, chifukwa cha zochitika za 1968 - 1973, kukopa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha sikunaphatikizidwe pamndandanda wokhoterera pakuvota, komwe pamakhala mafunso akuluakulu (onani, mwachitsanzo, Sorba (2007)⁵⁰, Satinover (1994)⁵¹, Bayer (1981)⁵²) Adaganiza kuti kukopa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi kupsinjika kwamkati ndikukana, ndikupatuka (omwe amatchedwa "kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha"), ndipo adavomerezedwanso kuti:

"... osatinso pamndandanda wazovala zamisala, sitinena kuti izi" ndizabwinobwino "ndipo zikufanana ndi kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha" (chaka cha 1974)⁵³.

Ndipo pambuyo pake, mabungwe omwewo adasintha malingaliro awo kukhala:

"Khalidwe logonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha komanso kugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ndizofotokozera zachikhalidwe cha anthu (...)⁵⁴.

Malinga ndi ICD-11, mitundu yotereyi monga kupatuka kapena kugona ndi nyama ili pa gawo la "mayimidwe", mochulukirapo kapena kofanana ndendende ndi gawo la 1973 la chaka chogonana, i.e. sanawonedwebe ngati "chiwonetsero chabwinobwino cha kugonana kwaumunthu", koma samawonedwanso monga kupatuka motero, koma pokhapokha ataphatikizidwa ndi kupsinjika kwa mkati ndikukanidwa.

Chiwopsezo chotsutsana ndi malamulo

Komanso, pamikhalidwe yomwe ilipo pakalibe chifukwa chodziwika bwino pankhani yokhudza kukopeka ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ngati kupatuka panjira yachiwerewere, kusamvana pamalamulo kumabuka pakupereka chithandizo chamalingaliro kwa ana omwe angafune thandizo lapadera atakumana ndi zikakamizo zogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha panthawi ya kutha, mwachitsanzo, chifukwa cha nkhanza zakugonana. Imodzi mwanjira zofala kwambiri, kuphatikiza njira zothandizira ana, m'maiko akumadzulo, zomwe, mwa zinthu zina, zimakakamizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito malamulo, ndizomwe zimatchedwa kuti kuthandizira kapena «gay kuvomereza» mankhwala Monga gawo la njirayi, akufunsidwa kuti adziwitse wodwalayo kuti akuti "mgwirizano wakwaniritsidwa mu sayansi", kuti mkhalidwe wake akuti «mtundu wabwinobwino komanso wabwino wamalingaliro azakugonana», posafuna kusintha kulikonse.

Choyamba, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, zenizeni mu sayansi mulibe mgwirizano pa zolakwika zakugonana, zomwe zimangoyambitsa zomwe zimadziwika kuti «kulondola ndale ”m'magulu ena.

Mkangano wovomerezeka umagwira ntchito kwa psychotherapist aliyense ku Russia akamagwira ntchito ndi achinyamata, popeza malamulo apakhomo amakhazikitsa:

"Kulimbikitsa zokhudzana ndi kugonana kwachikhalidwe pakati pa ana, kufotokozedwa pofalitsa chidziwitso, Cholinga chokhazikitsa malingaliro omwe si achikhalidwe mwa ana, kukopa kwa kugonana kopanda chikhalidwe, Maganizo olakwika okhudza kufanana pakati pa kugonana ndi miyambokapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa chidziwitso pa kugonana kwachikhalidwe, kuchititsa chidwi mu maubale ”⁵⁵.

Pomaliza

Chifukwa chake, tanthauzo la funso langali litha kuchepetsedwa mwachidule mpaka zotsatirazi: ngati (malinga ndi ICD-10 yovomerezeka ku Russia) kukopa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha pa se ndichizolowezi, ndiye mfundo ziti zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwonetsetsa kuti akuyendetsa onse osokera (mwachitsanzo pedophilia kapena kugona nyama) pa se adapatuka?

Potengera pomwe palibe njira zomveka, monga, mwachitsanzo, mu zolemba zamankhwala zosinthidwa ndi prof. V.N. Krasnova ndi prof. I. Ya. Gurovich kapena ntchito ya prof. A. A. Tkachenko (onani pamwambapa), kamvekedwe kazomwe zimapangitsa kukopeka ndi kugonana kumakhala kosamveka, kogwirizana. Zotsutsana zonse zomwe zimapangidwa ndi omwe amapereka chidwi cha kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zonse zakugonana. Mu sayansi "yapakatikati", izi zakhala chowonadi - chitsanzo ndi njira yopita ku "paraphilia" mu Diagnostic ndi buku lowerengera zamavuto am'maganizo a 5 edition and the International Classization of matenda a 11 kukonzanso.

Kodi izi zikutanthauza kuti zinthu zofananira posachedwa zidzakhazikitsidwa mu zamisala zapakhomo ndi zama maganizo - zopatuka zambiri, komanso kukopa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha kudzakhala kofala?

Ndimatsata kutanthauzira kosatsutsika: pali chizolowezi chokopa (kupatsa chidwi amuna ndi akazi okhwima) ndi mitundu yopatuka (kwa ana, kugonana kwawo, nyama, ndi zina).

Ndikukhulupirira kuti simunyalanyaza kalatayi.

Sungani

K.M. V. Lysov

Kalata yotsegulidwa patsambalo https://pro-lgbt.ru/906  Mutha kulembetsa mu ndemanga.

Taonani: chifukwa; pomwe ndidaganiza zongotumiza kalata kwa omwe alandira ambiri, ndikuwopa kuti uthengawu sudzafikira omwe awalandira. Podziwitsa anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi mabungwe momwe zingathere ndi funso lomwe lanenedwali, mwayi wokonza mutuwu, mukuganiza kwanga, udzachepa.. Chifukwa chake, ndikulimbikitsa aliyense amene ali ndi chidwi ndi nkhani yakhudzidwayo kuti atumizenso kalata yotsegulira kwa awa ndi ena omwe alandira, ndi siginecha yawo.

Makope a kalata wotsegulira awa adatumizidwa kwa:

Purezidenti wa Purezidenti wa Ufulu wa Mwana
Anna Yuryevna Kuznetsova
125993 Moscow, GSP-3, Miusskaya sq., D.7 p. 1
obr@deti.gov.ru

Purezidenti wa Professional Psychotherapeutic League
Pulofesa Doctor wa Sayansi Viktor V. Makarov
115280 Moscow, (m. Avtozavodskaya) 2-th Avtozavodsky ndima, d. 4, Department of Psychotherapy and Sexology RMAPO
pakati@oppl.ru

Ulamuliro Wapakati Wamzimu wa Asilamu aku Russia
450057 Ufa, msewu wa Tukaev, nyumba 50
info@cdum.ru

Dipatimenti yothandizira pa ubale wa Mpingo ndi anthu komanso atolankhani
119334 Moscow, Andreevskaya Embankment, 2
contact@sinfo-mp.ru

Ntchito yodziwitsira ya Roman Katolika Archdiocese wa Amayi a Mulungu ku Moscow
123557 Moscow, st. Malaya Gruzinskaya, d. 27 / 13, p. 1
info@cathmos.ru

Bungwe la Russia Lonse la Russia Yoteteza Banja "Parestal All-Russian Resistance (RVS)"
rvs@rvs.su

Commissioner kwa Kuteteza Banja ku St. Petersburg ndi Leningrad Region
Olga Nikolaevna Baranets
detispb@bk.ru

Ofesi Yalandila Zipani Zandale
Liberal Democratic Party ya Russia
107045, Moscow, Lukov Lane, 9, p. 1
info@ldpr.ru

Ndale Za Ntchito Yandale
Chipani cha chikominisi cha Russian Federation
Press-sluzhba@kprf.ru

Mutu wa Komiti Yogwirizana ndi Zipani Zandale za All-Russia Public Movement “Patriots of the Great Fatherland
Tatyana Gennadevna Soboleva
socpolitik@pvo.center

Minister of Health of the Chechen Republic
Woyankha pa Sayansi ya Zachipatala Elkhan Abdullaevich Suleymanov
info@minzdravchr.ru

Minister of Health of Republic of Tatarstan
woimira asayansi ya zamankhwala Marat Nailevich Sadykov
minzdrav@tatar.ru

Mkonzi wamkulu wa nyuzipepala "Zavtra"
Alexander Andreevich Prokhanov
zavtra@zavtra.ru

Dokotala Wolemekezeka wa Russian Federation Jan Genrikhovich Goland
kor-nn@yandex.ru

Mitengo Yathunthu Yathunthu Yapansi
semlot-org@yandex.ru

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profamilia.ru@gmail.com

RџSЂRѕS "RμSЃSЃRѕSЂ RєR ° C" RμRґSЂS <RіRѕSЃSѓRґR ° SЂSЃS, RІRμRЅRЅRѕRіRѕ Ryo RјSѓRЅRoS RoRїR ° † P "SЊRЅRѕRіRѕ SѓRїSЂR ° RІR" RμRЅRoSЏ RґRѕRєS, RѕSЂ RЅR ° F SѓRє RіRѕSЂSЊ P'P "P ° RґRoSЃR" P ‡ ° RІRѕRІRoS RџRѕRЅRєRoRЅ
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info@ruskline.ru

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mihail.kastorskii@mail.ru

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superdevice@mail.ru

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Mfundo

1. ЉљЂЂР ° °'''І,, “ѓѓѓѓ,,,, (. SЂRμRґ) RљR "‡ RoRЅRoS RμSЃRєRѕRμ SЂSѓRєRѕRІRѕRґSЃS, RІRѕ: RјRѕRґRμR" Ryo RґRoR ° RіRЅRѕSЃS, RoRєRo Ryo P "RμS RμRЅRoSЏ RїSЃRoS ‡ ‡ ... Roes RμSЃRєRoS ... PD RїRѕRІRμRґRμRЅS RμSЃRєRoS ‡ ... SЂR ° SЃSЃS, SЂRѕR№SЃS, RІ. Њњ: њњќ Р Рїї ... ... Р Р Р ... "1999 СЃ.
2. ROSESRёRєR ° R · RsR ±±ѓѓІІµµµµµµґ Р »» »» »° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° °
3. Kazakovtsev B.A., Goland V.B. (ed.) Kusokonezeka kwa maganizo ndi khalidwe (F00-F99) (Kalasi V ICD-10, yosinthidwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito ku Russian Federation). M.: Prometheus, 2013. - 584 p., zindikirani ku gawo F66, lowonetsedwa ndi ine
4. Ibid., Ђѓѓ ±±ЂЂЂ ° ° ° ° F66.1x
5. Ibid., Ђѓѓ ±±ЂЂЂ ° ° ° ° F65
6. ЉљЂЂ ° ° ° ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ѕ Rђ.R '. Џџµµ‚ЂЂЂЂЂЂЂ№њњ, њ ЇЇЂЂѕѕ €µµµµ№№№№№№№; Ђµµµґ--ЃЃѕѕЃ ‚. P ›.Pђ. Љљ ° ° °ЂЂѕѕ - Р · · · ° N N N С С С С С С С С С С С С С С С С С С С С С С С - "ѕѕЃЃЃ‚‚ЅЅЅЅ ° ° ° ° °ѕѕѕѕ ¤ - "2 СЃ.
7. Љљ ° ° ° Р · · · · · ·† °''',,, “ѕѕ Р (Ђµ µ±,) С ± FЂ± °, °
8. Ibid., ЂѓЂ °± °Ђ ° ° ° °UM F65.8, ІІ ґґґµµµµµј
9. R ѓѓєєѕєІІѕ - - - - - - - - --ґ - - Riboko Lapansi, Momwe timagulitsira . ¤¤ѕЂЂЂЂЂ ° »Р Р Р Р Р Р Р Р Р Р Р Р ° ° ° °ІІІІІ————— http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/topics/infertility/definitions/ru/, ІІ ‹ґґґµ »µµµµµµµµµ№№№№№
10. RЎR "RѕRІR ° SЂSЊ RўRμSЂRјRoRЅRѕRІ P'P Rў, 2009 RџRμSЂRμSЃRјRѕS, SЂRμRЅRЅS <R№ P RљRњRђR Rў Ryo R'RћR- SЃR" RѕRІR ° SЂSЊ S, RμSЂRјRoRЅRѕRІ P'P Rў, 2009 www.who.int/reprodpenthealth/publications/infertility/art_terminology2_ru.pdf, ІІ ‹ґґґµ »µµµµµµµµµ№№№№№
11. 'Њѕ РЊЊЊЊЊЊЊ Њ ° € Р ° °ЊЊЊµ µ†µµNµµ, Џ†ёµ ° µµNNNN, NёЊ ° °Ыµ ±±ј±ЌЌЌѕѕѕѕ / .. / / / sv їїї »»ѕѕ» »» »» »° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° °ЊЊЊЊЊ
12. Ibid., Sv її ѕѕ
13. Mitima Yathunthu Yathunthu: Zoyipa Zoyenera Kutsatira Nkhani Yosunga Chinsinsi Foni ya M'manja Rђ.Rђ. Ўўєє ° ° ° °ѕѕѕѕ "Рњ.: Р Р“ “ќ ќ ќ ќ ќ“ ““ R'.Rџ. Ў±µµЂЂЂ±Ѓѕ, 1997. - "426 СЃ.
14. Markland et al. Anal Intercourse ndi Fecal Incontinence: Umboni wochokera ku 2009 - 2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.American Journal of Gastroenterology vol 111, masamba 269 - 274 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2015.419
15. Yarns et al. The Mental Health of Okalamba LGBT Akuluakulu. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2016 Jun; 18 (6): 60. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-016-0697-y
16. Rice CE, Maierhofer C, Minda ya KS, Ervin M, Lanza ST, Turner AN. Beyond Anal Kugonana: Zochita zakugonana pakati pa MSM ndi Mayanjano ndi HIV komanso Matenda Atsopano. Buku la zamankhwala ogonana. 2016; 13 (3): 374-382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsxm.2016.01.001
17. Boehmer U, Ronit U. Cancer ndi LGBT Community. Malingaliro Osiyanasiyana kuchokera Kuwopsezo Kupulumuka. Springer, 2015. https://www.springer.com/la/book/9783319150567
18. Spornraft-Ragaller P. [Syphilis: mliri watsopano pakati pa MSM]. MMW Fortschr Med. 2014 Jun 12; 156 Suppl 1: 38-43; mafunso 44. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25026856
19. Alliance for Therapeutic Choice, https://www.therapeuticchoice.com/
20. American College of Patiediatrician, https://www.acpeds.org/
21. American Association of Christian Counselling, https://www.aacc.net
22. Catholic Medical Association, http://www.cathmed.org/
23. Љљ ° ° ° Р · · · · · ·† °''',,, “ѕѕ Р (Ђµµµ, 'Р', µ'', І
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33. Libikh S.S. Zaumoyo waumunthu // Buku la Sexology / Ed. S.S. Liebig. - St. Petersburg, Kharkov, Minsk: Peter, 2001. - S. 26 - 41.
34. Mitima Yathunthu Yathunthu: Zoyipa Zoyenera Kutsatira Nkhani Yosunga Chinsinsi Foni ya M'manja Rђ.Rђ. Ўўєє ° ° ° °ѕѕѕѕ "Рњ.: Р Р“ “ќ ќ ќ ќ ќ“ ““ R'.Rџ. Ў±µµЂЂЂ±Ѓѕ, 1997. - "426 СЃ.
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40. Beetz AM. Kugona / Zoophilia: Kufufuza Mwapang'onopang'ono Pakati pa Zachiwawa, Paraphilia, ndi Chikondi, Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice, 4: 2, 1-36, https://doi.org/10.1300/J158v04n02_01
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48. Helm KM. Kusokosera: Psychology Yakugonana Ndi Chibwenzi. ABC-CLIO: Santa Barbara, 2016; tsamba 32
49... Choyambirira mu Chingerezi: “kuti… chisokonezo chidziwike… munthuyo ayenera kukhala wopanikizika kwambiri…”. ICD-11 ya Mortality and Morbidity Statistics (ICD-11 MMS) 2018 mtundu Wokonzekera kukhazikitsa. Matenda a Paraphilic: 6D30-36. https://icd.who.int/browse11/l-m/en
50. Sorba R. The "Born Gay" Hoax. Malingaliro a kampani Ryan Sorba Inc. Kusindikiza koyamba 2007, masamba 15-28
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54. American Psychological Association (American Psychological Association). (Xnumx) Mayankho a mafunso anu: Kuti mumvetsetse bwino zomwe zimalimbikitsa kugonana komanso kugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. (Mayankho a mafunso anu: Kuti mumve bwino za malingaliro ogonana ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha.) Source: http://www.apa.org/topics/sexuality/orientation.aspx
55. Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offences” ya Disembala 30.12.2001, 195 N 03.08.2018-FZ (yosinthidwa pa Ogasiti 26.09.2018, XNUMX) (monga yasinthidwa ndi kuwonjezeredwa, idayamba kugwira ntchito pa Seputembara XNUMX, XNUMX), kutsindika kwawonjezeredwa.

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KUTHANDIZA KWA ATSITSI KUTI ALELELE KULEMEKEZA ZOKHUDZA CHIPULUMUTSO CHA HOMOSEXUALISM KU ICD

Mu Seputembala 2018, gulu la Science for True lidatumiza kalata yotseguka kwa Minister of Health Veronika Skvortsova, purezidenti wa gulu la anthu amisala la Russia komanso amisala, komanso mabungwe andale komanso azipembedzo azachipembedzo (https://pro-lgbt.ru/906/).

Mwa onse omwe adalandira, woimira boma yekha woteteza mabanja ku St. Petersburg ndi Leningrad Region adayankha potumiza kalata yotseguka kwa akuluakulu omwe ali pamwambawa payekha (http://katyusha.org/view?id=10649) ndi Interregional Social Movement "Banja, Chikondi, Abambo".

Yankho lochokera ku Unduna wa Zaumoyo lidalandiridwa pa pempholi: "Malingaliro anu alandiridwa, zikomo."

Onse a Unduna wa Zaumoyo ndi atsogoleri a mabungwe amisala ndi malingaliro amakonda kukhala chete za mutu wankhani zandale. Nthawi yomweyo, kuyankha kwa boma kunaperekedwa pempho la omwe akutsatira a LGBT ochokera ku Pyatigorsk pozindikira zomwe zili patsogolo pazofalitsa zamtundu wa International Classification of matenda (ICD) paz malingaliro aku Russia okhudzana ndi machitidwe a kugonana. 

Unduna wa Zaumoyo udasiyananso ndi pempho lotsatira la membala wina wa gulu la Science for True potumiza pemphelo kwa akatswiri ku FSBI NICC PN yotchedwa pambuyo V.P. Serbia »Ministry of Health of Russia.

General Director wa FSBI "NICC PN iwo. V.P. Serbsky ”, MD, pulofesa Z.I. Kekelidze adatsimikiza zakufunika kwamafunso omwe alembedwa mu Kalatayo ndipo adatinso pakufunika kokambirana zambiri pagulu la akatswiri azamisala, akatswiri azakugonana komanso akatswiri amisala. 

Poganizira zofuna za dziko la Russian Federation zomwe zafotokozedwa mu uthenga wa Purezidenti Vladimir Putin, komanso zokambirana zomwe zikuchitika pulojekiti ya ICD-11, kukambirana uku kuyenera kuthandiza kukulitsa malo omveka bwino asayansi yaku Russia pofotokoza za njira zodziwikitsira matenda ovutitsa amuna ndi akazi.

Tiyenera kudziwa makamaka kuti zokonda ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu aku Russia, komanso malingaliro ake pachitukuko cha Russia, akutsutsana ndi dongosolo la azungu akumadzulo kuti achepetse anthu padziko lapansi kudzera pakuphunzitsidwa kwa Achinyamata: kufalitsa nkhani yochotsa mimba, machitidwe achilendo ogonana ndikuwononga maziko abanja, omwe amabisidwa kugonana "maphunziro". 

Monga mukudziwira, kuyambira pakati pa zaka za zana la 20, pansi pa chiletso cha "kuchuluka kwachulukirachulukira," dziko lakhala likuchita kampeni yapadziko lonse lapansi yofuna kuchepetsa kwambiri kubereka komanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa anthu. Ndondomeko iyi idanenedwa mobwerezabwereza pama nsanja onse apadziko lonse lapansi, kuphatikiza zolemba zaukadaulo za Club of Rome, zomwe zimabweretsa pamodzi nthumwi zapadziko lonse lapansi zandale, zachuma, zachikhalidwe ndi asayansi. M'mayiko otukuka kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa kubereka kudagwa kale kwambiri poyerekeza kuchuluka kwa kubereka, ndipo kuchuluka kwa okalamba kuli kofanana kapena kuposa chiwerengero cha ana. Ukwati umachulukirabe kutha kwa banja ndipo umasinthidwa ndikukhalirana. Nkhani za zibwenzi, zogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha komanso zochitika za transgender zakhala patsogolo. Kuchuluka, osati nthano kuti "kuchulukitsa" kwakhala chinthu chatsopano cha dziko lapansi.

Mu 1954, pepala la US Population Bomb ku US lidasindikizidwa, pomwe chiwopsezo cha kuchuluka kwa anthu ambiri chidakwera ndipo kufunika kwakuleza mwachangu kunanenedwa. Mu 1959, dipatimenti ya US State idapereka lipoti la kuchuluka kwa anthu padziko lonse lapansi, lomwe linanena kuti kukula kwake mwachangu kukuwopseza kukhazikika kwa mayiko. Mu 1969, polankhula ku Congress, Purezidenti wa US Nixon adati kuchulukana kwa anthu ndi “limodzi mwamavuto akulu kwambiri amtsogolo” ndipo adafunsa kuti achitepo kanthu. Chithunzi cha a Kingsley Davis, amodzi mwa odziwika kwambiri pakupanga njira zakulera, komanso kutchuka kwa njira zakulera, kuchotsa mimba ndi chimbudzi, adalimbikitsa "kusintha chikhalidwe chakugonana" ndikulimbikitsa "mitundu yosagonana." Mkazi wa a Davis, akatswiri a chikhalidwe cha anthu, a Judith Blake, adalimbikitsa kuthetsa msonkho ndi zopindulitsa nyumba zomwe zimalimbikitsa kubereka ana ndikuchotsa milandu yovomerezeka pakati pa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. A Preston Cloud, omwe akuimira US National Academy of Sayansi, adalimbikitsa boma kuti livomereze mimbulu ndi machitidwe ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. M'chaka chomwecho, Frederick Jaffe, wachiwiri kwa Purezidenti wa International Planning of Family Planning (IFES) adapereka chikumbutso momwe "kulimbikitsa kukula kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha" ndi njira imodzi yothanirana ndi kubereka. Patatha miyezi itatu, zipolowe za Stonewall zidatulukira ndipo kupanikizika kudayamba pa American Psychiatric Organisation (APA), zomwe zidapanga chisankho chakuwongolera kuti sichichotsa kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha pagulu la zosokoneza, zomwe zidaloleza kuyambika kwa kufalikira kwa maubwenzi ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. Mu 1970, wolemba chiphunzitso cha kusintha kwa demokalase, a Frank Noutstein, polankhula ku National Military College kutsogolo kwa akuluakulu anati "kugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha kumatetezedwa chifukwa kumathandizira kuchepetsa kuchulukana kwa anthu" (zambiri: https://pro-lgbt.ru/13/).

Pansi pa kukakamizidwa ndi akatswiri ochita zibwenzi omwe amachita zochitika zadzidzidzi ndipo adachita nawo "depatologization," bungwe la American Psychiatric Association (APA) lidachita voti loyipa kuti lisatengere amuna kapena akazi okhaokha pagulu lazosokoneza malingaliro. Kuzindikira "302.0 - kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha" kunasinthidwa ndikuzindikira "302.00 - egodistonic kugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha" ndipo adasamutsidwira ku gulu la "vuto logonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha."

A Barbara Gitting, mayi wa Gay rights Movement, pambuyo pake anavomereza mosapita m'mbali kuti: "Sizinali konse lingaliro lazachipatala, ndichifukwa chake zonsezi zinachitika mwachangu. Kupatula apo, patha zaka zitatu chichitikireni chochitika choyamba chododometsa pamsonkhano wa APA komanso chisanachitike voti la gulu la otsogolera, lomwe limapatula kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha pamndandanda wamavuto amisala. Uwu udali lingaliro lazandale ... Tidachiritsidwa usiku wonse ndi khosi ”(zambiri: https://pro-lgbt.ru/295/).

Mu 1987, APA idachotsa mwakachetechete zolemba zonse zokhudzana ndi kugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, pakadali pano osavutika kuti avote. World Health Organisation (WHO) imangotsatira kutsata kwa APA ndipo mchaka cha 1990 idachotsanso kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha pogawana matenda, ndikungosunga mawonetseredwe ake okha. Mu malo asayansi otchuka komanso otchuka, mafunso akuwonjezeka kwambiri pokhudzana ndi kuzindikira kugona ndi kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ngati njira zakugonana pophatikizira amuna kapena akazi okhaokha.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti ku Russian Federation, pafupifupi nthawi imodzi ndikukhazikitsa ICD-10, malinga ndi Unduna wa Zaumoyo Nambala 311 wa 06.08.1999, kalozera wazachipatala "Zitsanzo zakuwunikira ndikuchiza kwamisala ndi machitidwe matenda "adavomerezedwa, osinthidwa ndi prof. V. N. Krasnova ndi prof. I. Ya. Gurovich. Bukuli linapereka tanthauzo lomveka bwino komanso losasankhika la chizolowezi chogonana ndikulephera kugonana: “Zoyenera kuchita ndi izi: kugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, kukhwima mwa abwenzi, kulumikizana mwaufulu, kuyesayesa kuvomerezana, kusakhala ndi zovuta zakuthupi ndi zamaganizidwe kuumoyo wa anzawo ndi ena. Kusokonezeka kwakukonda kugonana kumatanthawuza kupatuka kulikonse panjira yakugonana, mosasamala mawonekedwe ake komanso chikhalidwe chake, kuuma kwake komanso zinthu zamatsenga. Lingaliroli limaphatikizapo zovuta zonsezo potengera chikhalidwe miyambo, ndi zikhalidwe za zamankhwala "

M'miyezi yoyamba ya asungidwe ake, Minister of Health of Russia Veronika Skvortsova, mwa Decree No. 1042 wa 13 pa Disembala 2012 ya chaka, adalengeza kuti bukuli silabwino, pothetsa malingaliro a "chikhalidwe chogonana" chogwira ntchito ku Russian Federation ndikutsegula "mwayi wopezeka" wopha anthu a LGBT - Kukonzanso mdziko lathu (https://vk.cc/8YHcgs).

Monga momwe olemba a ICD-10 eniawo amawonetsera, mafotokozedwe achikwati ali ndi zofunikira: "Zomwe tafotokozazi komanso malangizo ake sakhala ndi tanthauzo latsatanetsatane ndipo sanena kuti akudziwitsanso za matenda amisala. Awo ndi magulu azizindikiro komanso ndemanga zomwe ambiri mwa alangizi ndi othandizira m'maiko ambiri padziko lapansi avomera ngati njira yabwino yofotokozera malire azigawo ”.

Gulu la zasayansi ndi zamankhwala liyenera kukhazikika pamalingaliro omveka, ndipo "mgwirizano" uliwonse pakati pa akatswiri ungakhale chifukwa chongotanthauzira madongosolo azachipatala komanso amisala, osatengera malingaliro amtundu uliwonse, ngakhale amiseche kwambiri. Kugawika kwa matenda amisala mu ICD-10 kukuwonetsa kunyalanyaza umboni wamalingaliro chifukwa cha zokonda zamalingaliro, zomwe zingakhudze thanzi komanso thanzi la odwala chifukwa cholephera kuwapatsa chithandizo chamankhwala chofunikira.

Pa 7 pa Meyi 2018, Purezidenti wa Russian Federation Vladimir Putin adasaina Lamulo "Pa zolinga zakudziko ndi zolinga zakukula kwa dziko la Russian Federation kwanthawi yomwe ili chaka cha 2024", gawo loyamba lomwe linanena za kuonetsetsa kuti chiwerengero cha Russian Federation chikukula. Popeza kufalitsa kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha komwe akufuna kuti achepetse kubadwa ndikuwononga chikhalidwe chamakhalidwe a LGBT kwatsimikizira kugwira ntchito kwake, kulangidwa pofalitsa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, kuphatikiza chiwopsezo chaumbanda, ndikubwezeretsa njira zodziwitsira chikhalidwe chogonana.

Pulezidenti adasainanso Lamulo la Federal la 25.12.2018 December 489 No.

Malangizo atsopano azachipatala adzayambitsidwa pang'onopang'ono, ndipo ntchito pa iwo ayenera kutsirizika kale 31 December 2021 zaka.

Malinga ndi malamulo aboma, malangizo azachipatala azikhala maziko a chisamaliro chachipatala ndipo ayenera kukhala ovomerezeka.

Malangizo azachipatala amayang'aniridwa ndi bungwe lapadera - sayansi ndi upangiri wothandiza, wopangidwa kuchokera kwa oimira mabungwe asayansi, zamaphunziro ndi zamankhwala omwe ali pansi pa Unduna wa Zaumoyo ku Russia.

Bungwe la Sayansi ndi Yogwira Ntchito lidzagamula zololeza, kukana kuyimbira pazachipatala kapena kuwongolera kuti awunikenso. Udindo wokhazikitsa khonsolo, kuvomereza malamulowo ndikuvomereza mawonekedwe a khonsoloyi kuphatikizidwa ndi Unduna wa Zaumoyo ku Russia (zambiri: https://vk.cc/8R2RoC)

Poyankha kalata yotseguka yochokera ku gulu la Science for True, gulu la asayansi aku Russia lidalandira chiitano chovomerezeka chodzakambirana pazokhudza kusunga chitetezo cha anthu aku Russia mokhudzana ndi "mfundo" zaku Western zomwe zalimbikitsidwa ndi cholinga chochepetsera chiwerengero cha anthu malinga ndi Cairo Accords ya 1994 chaka.

The Oxford Historical Dictionary of Psychiatry imanena kuti ngakhale kuti m’madera ena, monga chiyambi cha schizophrenia, matenda a maganizo amayesa kukhala asayansi monga momwe angathere, pankhani zokhudzana ndi kugonana, matenda a maganizo ankakhala ngati "mtumiki wa ambuye ake a chikhalidwe ndi ndale." Kumasuka kwake kumaonekera kwambiri pankhani ya kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. 

Monga Purezidenti adanenapo poyankhula ku Federal Assembly: "Russia yakhala ndipo ikhoza kudzilamulira. Ndi langwiro, lingakhale motere, kapena sizingakhale konse ”. Russia sikuyenera kukhala "wantchito wazikhalidwe zakunja ndi atsogoleri andale."

Lowani ntchito yathu! Tikuyitanitsa onse omwe ali pagulu la asayansi komanso othandiza kuti apange lingaliro pa zamavuto azachipatala pazokhudzana ndi vuto logonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha kuti adziwe zomwe zili pamalowa https://pro-lgbt.ru/.

Science for True Gulu https://vk.com/science4truth
Webusayiti ya Gulu: https://pro-lgbt.ru/

Komanso

Apilo: Tetezani Usayansi wa Russia ndi Chitetezo cha Chiwerengero Cha Russia

Kugonana amuna okhaokha: kusokonezeka kwa malingaliro kapena ayi?

Jan Goland pothandizidwa ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha (kuyankhulana kwapadera kwamavidiyo)

Garnik Kocharyan pamankhwala obwezeretsa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha

Kuyikira kumbuyo kumasandutsa achinyamata kukhala ongopatsirana