Inganekwane yobungqingili bezilwane iyithuluzi lokuqamba amanga lezombusazwe!

I-World of Science: Iphephabhuku i-Pedagogy and Psychology, lifakwe kuhlu lwamaphephabhuku wesayensi abukezwe oontanga baseRussia, agunyazwe yiHigher Attestation Commission (HAC RF) nengxenye yedathabheyisi yaseRussia iScience Citation Index, yashicilela i-athikili eyayikhipha inganekwane yobungqingili ezilwaneni.

I-athikili ibizwa ngokuthi: Inkinga yencazelo ye-anthropomorphic yokuziphatha kwezilwane kumongo wengxoxo mayelana nezimpawu zokuziphatha komuntu kwezocansi.

Ukubuyekezwa kwesihloko

Ekulumbeni kwezishoshovu ze-LGBT, umuntu angazwa kaningi isitatimende esithi ubungqingili luhlobo olujwayelekile kumuntu, ngoba kuthiwa lubonwa ngokwemvelo - phakathi kwezilwane. Lesi sitatimende sakhiwe kulezi zitatimende ezilandelanayo:

I-1) ubungqingili lubonwa phakathi kwezilwane;
I-2) okwenziwa yizilwane kungokwemvelo;
I-3) ngakho-ke, ubungqingili bungokwemvelo kumuntu.

Inkinga yalesi siphetho ukuthi isigaba 1 simele isikhundla semibono kanye nokuchazwa okungathandeki kwengqondo yokuziphatha kwezilwane, futhi isigaba 2 sisuselwa ekuphakanyisweni okukhethiwe okuphelele kakhulu kwesimo somhlaba wezilwane empilweni yomuntu.

Okokuqala, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi phakathi kwezilwane abukho "ubungqingili" (ukukhangwa ubulili obufanayo nezenzo ezisekelwe kukho), kodwa ukuziphatha kobulili obufanayo, ngokuvamile okungahlangene nokukhangwa ubulili noma ngisho nobulili. kanjalo. Ngisho nesishoshovu se-LGBT uSimon LeVay, owaziwa ngocwaningo lwakhe lobuchopho, ukuvumile lokho “Ezweni lezilwane akukho “ukuthambekela kobungqingili” ngomqondo womuntu, futhi iziqephu ezirekhodiwe zokuziphatha kobungqingili azilokothi ziholele ekuthatheni indawo izenzo zobulili obuhlukile” (LeVay, 1996).

Abaphenyi bokuziphatha kobulwane bezilwane bayazi ukuthi yize besebenzisa imigomo eyamukelwa ngokujwayelekile ukuchaza ukuziphatha kobulili obufanayo, njengokuthi “Ubungqingili”, "Okuthandwa umlingani wezocansi" и "Ukuya ocansini", Lawa magama awafani neze nemigomo esetshenziselwa ukuchaza isimo somuntu, okuyinto eyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe (Roselli, 2009).

Ngokwesitatimende somlobi wezilimi uBruce Beigmil owenziwe encwadini ethi "Biological Abundance", oshicilelwe yindlu yokushicilela enakekela izincwadi zobungqingili, kubandakanya nezithombe zocansi, "Ukuziphatha kobungqingili efanayo kubhaliwe ezilwaneni zezilwane ezingaphezu kwe-450" (I-Bagemihl, 1999). Eqinisweni, ezimweni eziningi, ukuziphatha okungekhona kocansi kwezilwane maqondana nabantu bobulili babo kuyachazwa. Uma sikhuluma ngokubonakaliswa kokuziphatha kobulili obufanayo (noma kunalokho, bisexual), khona-ke amacala anjalo ahlukile.

Imibhalo “Stonewall Inn Editions”. Incwadi ka-Badgemil ingeyesithathu ukusuka kwesokunxele, umugqa ophezulu.

Kufanele kushiwo ukuthi inganekwane ka “Izinhlobo zezilwane zobungqingili ze-1500", Ukungafakwanga kwabezindaba futhi kuthathwe ngisho nabezindaba abahlonishwayo abanjengo-BBC, Isikhathi, Telegraph, DW, njll.

Futhi noma iphephabhuku i-Nature lehle laya kuwo izincwadi lo mbumbulu.

Eqinisweni, kwavela ukuthi isibalo esithi "1500", njengoba umuntu angalindela, asinasisekelo. Isazi sezilwane saseNorway uPeter Beckmann, oveze lesi sibalo okokuqala, akakwazanga ukunikeza ngomthombo waso futhi kuqashelwe iphutha layo kuphela ngonyaka we-2018:

Kade ngifuna isonto lesibili, kepha angikwazi ukuthola uhlu oluhlukile lokubukwa kwe-1500. Ngeke ngaphetha ngenye indlela ukuthi kufanele ngabe ngenze iphutha lapho ngibhala umbhalo wokuqala wombukiso, mhlawumbe ngokuhlanganisa uhlu olufanayo oluvela ezincwadini ezahlukene, noma ngokubala uhlu olufanayo kabili. Ngakho-ke, okuqukethwe okungokoqobo kwesitatimende esithi "ubungqingili babonwa ezinhlotsheni ze-1500" kwenziwa ku-2002 ekuqaleni kombukiso kwaba nephutha.

Lokhu kusho umbukiso ohlelwe nguye e-2006 e-Oslo, ozinikele ekuziphatheni kobulili obufanayo kwezilwane, obexhaswe umbuso, njengokwakhiwa kwesimo sokubekezelela ubungqingili kuyingxenye yenqubomgomo yezwe yaseNorway. U-Beckman waqaphela "izinhloso zezombusazwe zombukiso" wathi:

Ngikujabulele kakhulu ukusebenzisa lezi zinombolo ezingxoxweni ezahlukahlukene, njengoba bekuyinombolo ehlaba umxhwele, ekhumbuleka kalula, nomphumela omuhle owethusayo, okukhombisa ukuthi lokhu akupheleli nje kwesandla namakati nezinja ezingaziwa.

Izazi zezinto eziphilayo ziphawula ukuthi ukuziphatha kwezilwane zobulili obufanayo kufanekisela hhayi inzalo yezifundo kuphela kepha ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuxazulula izindaba zomthetho kubantu. (I-Bailey neZuk, 2009). Isibonelo, ecaleni likaLawrence v. Texas, izibonelo ezivela encwadini kaBruce Badgemeal zethulwe njengobufakazi, ezenza ukuthi bakwazi ukuqeda imithetho yezocansi eTexas nakwezinye izifundazwe.