Kuchokera kusefa RBC, Fontanka ndi zofalitsa zina zomwe sizikuyimira maganizo a anthu ambiri a ku Russia, akuyitanitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa "maphunziro a kugonana" ku Russia kunayamba kufalikira ngati mluzu. M’gulu lina la malo ochezera a pa Intaneti a Facebook (loletsedwa m’Chitaganya cha Chitaganya cha Russia), kufufuza kunachitidwa, malinga ndi kunena kumene “75 peresenti ya anthu a ku Russia anachirikiza lingaliro la kuyambitsa maphunziro a zakugonana m’sukulu.” N'zochititsa chidwi kuti atatu mwa anayi mwa anthuwa "Russian" anali ndi ana. Tikukhulupirira kuti omwe adakonza kafukufukuyu komanso omwe adavota awunikanso zomwe zaperekedwa pano. mfundo ndipo adzatha kulinganiza maganizo awo.

Zofalitsa zakufunika kwa "maphunziro azakugonana" zimachokera pamilomo yomweyi yomwe imalimbikitsa lamulo loti "Ziwawa Zam'banja" (RLS), lolembedwa malinga ndi ma tempulo "Msonkhano wa Istanbul", Omwe asiidwa ndi mayiko omwe aganiza zodzilamulira komanso chitetezo chaanthu. Mwachiwonekere, lamulo lina loyeserera kapena kampeni yapagulu ikukonzekera kulimbikitsa ntchito zakuwononga anthu ku Russia. Zikhala zosangalatsa kuwona yemwe akubwera ndi izi tsopano.

Nthawi zambiri amakhala achangu pofika Disembala 1, pomwe, chifukwa chowopseza kufalitsa kachilombo ka HIV pakati pa ana, amachita zachipongwe, monyengerera maphunziro a maphunziro ogonana, ngakhale kuti njira yayikulu yopatsira ana ndikufalikira kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana. ,kuti amadziwitsa Utumiki wa Zaumoyo.

Mu 2020, pazofalitsa za "seksprosvet" kujowina ngakhale Rospotrebnadzor, woimiridwa ndi wamkulu wa dipatimenti ya Research Institute of Epidemiology ya Rospotrebnadzor Vadim Pokrovsky.

Markova Maria Vladimirovna adatenga nthawi kuti afulumire ndikupereka chikalata chonena kuti "Kufunika kokhazikitsa lamulo loletsa kufalitsa uthenga komwe kumafuna kukana kukayezetsa kuchipatala kuti adziwe ngati ali ndi kachirombo ka HIV komanso (kapena) chithandizo cha kachirombo ka HIV (Edzi) ndi njira zoyendetsera kufalitsa kwake". Zingawoneke ngati njira yothandiza, koma mutayendayenda m'malamulo, lembalo kupeza kusayembekezereka: "Ndizoletsedwa kufalitsa chidziwitso chokhala ndi kuyitanira kukana kuyesedwa kuchipatala, diagnostics, kupewa ndi / kapena chithandizo cha kachirombo ka HIV".

Monga momwe mungaganizire, ndi mawu awa, maphunziro pamaphunziro azakugonana ndi zochitika zina zakuzunza ana zimakhala mokakamizidwa, monga kumadzulo, ndikupereka chilango makolo poyesera kuteteza ana awo ku kuchitiridwa nkhanza.

Tiona zifukwa zoyambitsira maphunziro azakugonana, olimbikitsidwa ndi UN ndi WHO, "mphamvu" zake ndi zotulukapo zake, zomwe, kuziyankhula mofatsa, sizolimbikitsa.

"Kuchita bwino" kwamapulogalamu ophunzitsira ana zakugonana

Kutumidwa ndi CDC mu 2017 kusanthula meta Kafukufuku yemwe akuti adatsimikizira kuti mapulogalamu a "maphunziro okhudzana ndi kugonana" ndiwothandiza adawulula kuti anali amtundu wochepa kwambiri ndipo anali ndi zotsatira zotsutsana, zomwe sizinalole kupanga ziganizo zomveka bwino.  

mwachidulezachitika chaka chotsatira sanapeze palibe umboni kuti mapulogalamu ophunzitsira ana zakugonana ndi othandiza pochepetsa mimba za atsikana komanso kupewa HIV ndi matenda ena opatsirana pogonana. 

Kufufuza kwina:Kodi mapulogalamu amasukulu amateteza kachilombo ka HIV ndi matenda ena opatsirana pogonana mwa achinyamata?"Zinafika pamalingaliro ofananawo:" Kafukufuku, kuphatikiza mayesero olamulidwa mosiyanasiyana, anali osagwiritsa bwino ntchito ndipo anali ndi malingaliro osakanikirana omwe sangapereke umboni wotsimikizira kuti mapulogalamu amasukulu ndi othandiza. " Chothandiza kwambiri sichinali pulogalamu yophunzitsa zogonana, koma pulogalamu yazaka 6 yozikidwa pakukula kwachitukuko.

Kuyambira mchaka cha 2010, nthambi ya US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) yathandizira maphunziro angapo oyesa mphamvu ya mapulogalamu oletsa kutenga pakati pa achinyamata pa zomwe achinyamata akuchita pachiwopsezo chakugonana. zotsatira meta-analysis maphunziro otere omwe adachitika pakati pa 2015 ndi 2019 komanso operekedwa ku HHS sapereka chithandizo chachikulu pakuchita bwino kwa gululi la mapulogalamu oletsa kutenga pakati. Mayendedwe azotsatirawo adasakanizidwa, ndipo palibe m'modzi wa iwo yemwe adafikira tanthauzo lachiwerengero.

Mu 2019, asayansi ochokera ku Institute for Research and Evaluation (IRE) lofalitsidwa Kafukufuku wapadziko lonse lapansi yemwe adayang'ana zolemba zamaphunziro zomwe zikufufuza njira ziwiri zophunzitsira zakugonana: Kuphunzira Zambiri Zokhudza Kugonana (CSE) ndi Kudziletsa Mpaka Kuphunzira Pazogonana (AE).

Zotsatira zomwe adapeza zimatsimikizira zomwe zidachitika kale. Mwa maphunziro 103 omwe adaphunziridwa, atatu okha ndi omwe adawonetsa zabwino zilizonse. Kafukufuku wa 3 adazindikira zoyipa za Comprehensive Sexuality Education (CSE). Ena adawonetsa kuti maphunziro ngati amenewa m'sukulu ndi achabechabe. Mwa maphunziro 16 okhudzana ndi kudziletsa (AE), 17 awonetsa zotsatira zoyenda, ndipo m'modzi wasonyeza kuwonongeka kwa maphunzirowa. Ndiye kuti, ntchito zambiri zimawonetsa kupanda pake kwa kulowererapo kwa sukulu komanso boma pakukula kwa mwanayo.

Monga momwe olemba ndemangayi alembera, "Poyesedwa motsutsana ndi zomwe zili zovomerezeka, nkhokwe ya 103 yamphamvu kwambiri komanso yaposachedwa kwambiri ya CSE yoyesedwa bwino ndi mabungwe atatu asayansi (UNESCO, CDC ndi HHS) idawonetsa umboni wocheperako wa mphamvu ya CSE m'masukulu komanso zovuta zambiri. Pomwe panali umboni wabwino, pafupifupi zonse zidalandiridwa opanga mapulogalamu ndipo sanaseweredwe. Zaka makumi atatu zafukufuku Onetsani kuti maphunziro okhudzana ndi zakugonana si njira yothandiza yazaumoyo wa anthu m'makalasi apadziko lonse lapansi ndipo kuti mapulogalamuwa atha kukhala owopsa".

Maphunziro oterewa amatsogolera kuwonjezeka kwa kuyeserera kwa ophunzira, kuwonjezeka kwa chiwerewere komanso chiwerewere, komanso kuwonongeka kwaumoyo. Ndiye kuti, nkhani zokhudzana ndi chiwerewere zimangowonjezera chidwi mwa iwo ndipo sizimathandiza m'njira iliyonse kukwaniritsa ntchitoyo, m'malo mwake, kuti anatsimikizira Ziwerengero zaku Britain zakutenga pakati pa achinyamata mu 1999-2010.

Ngakhale kudziko lakutali kwambiri ngati Ghana ganizani momwe mungachedwetsere kuyambika kwazogonana achinyamata: “Zotsatira zake zikusonyeza kuti kugonana koyambirira kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe amagonana nawo moyo wawo wonse. Kuchedwetsa kugonana koyamba kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa omwe amagonana nawo moyo wawo wonse. Kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kuti kuyika patsogolo mfundo zomwe zingachedwetse kugonana kuti muchepetse achinyamata kuti azichita zibwenzi zingapo. ".

Monga tawonetsera kuphunzira Achinyamata aku Canada, amayi achichepere nawonso adanenanso zakumwa kwambiri fodya, chamba ndi mowa panthawi yapakati. Zingakhale zachilengedwe kupeweratu mchitidwe wogonana wowopsa komanso ziwonetsero zachiwawa kuti mupewe kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso uchidakwa, koma mu pulogalamu yakusintha kwaulere ku Russia, kotchulidwa ndi Stanislav Belkovsky, palibe chifukwa chotere. Koma adalimbikitsa: 1) kuthetsedwa kwa Tchalitchi cha Russian Orthodox, 2) kulembetsa maukwati a amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, 3) kulembetsa zolimbikitsa pang'ono.

Ganizirani momwe mungadziwire zomwe anthu akuyesera kukakamiza ana athu kukhala osagwira ntchito komanso owopsa? Sabotage? Kuphedwa? Kuvulaza kwambiri? Kupatula apo, ngakhale mavitamini opanda vuto, asanafike kwa ana, amafufuza mozama, ndipo amapatsidwa zotsatira zabwino zokha.

Malangizo pamaphunziro athunthu okhudzana ndi zakugonana WHO

Tisaiwale kuti olemba nkhaniyi sanatsutsane ndi maphunziro azakugonana. Tili otsutsana ndi ziphuphu zakugonana, zomwe pansi pa chinyengo cha maphunziro azakugonana zimakhazikitsidwa padziko lonse lapansi kudzera mu UN. Ndendende wokakamizidwa... Mwachitsanzo, dziko la Nigeria litakana kuchita mapulogalamu a CSE omwe amalimbikitsa chiwerewere komanso kugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, mayiko akumadzulo adawopseza kuti athetsa thandizo lakunja.

Bungwe lapadera la UN World Health Organisation (WHO) limathandizidwa, mwazinthu zina, ndi omwe akutsogolera ntchito zakuchotsa anthu. WHO yawonetsa mobwerezabwereza kusadziletsa komanso kusankha zosankha, mwachitsanzo, mgwirizano za kuchotsedwa kwa kugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha komanso kugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha komanso kupatula iwo pamndandanda wamavuto amisala mu International Classification of Diseases (ICD). 

Komiti Ya UN Yokhudza Kuthetsa Tsankho Kwa Akazi (CEDAW) ndiye thupi akatswiri odziyimira pawokhakuwonera maphwando aku States Msonkhano Wothetsa Mitundu Yonse Yakusalidwa Ndi Akazi... Kukhazikitsidwa kwa mgwirizanowu, monga zikalata zina zambiri za UN, kwachepetsedwa mpaka kuwonongedwa kwa mabanja achikhalidwe komanso "maphunziro ogonana". Kuphatikiza pazokhumba zololeza ma NGO NGO aku Western kuti azigwira ntchito osawalembetsa ngati mlendo, komitiyi mwamphamvu pamafunika Yambitsani ndondomeko yonse yomwe imakakamira amayi ndi abambo m'magulu onse a anthu, kuphatikiza atsogoleri achipembedzo, pofuna kuthana ndi malingaliro olakwika ndi malingaliro amakolo okhudzana ndi maudindo ndi udindo wa amayi ndi abambo mbanja komanso mdera. Chimalimbikitsa kuphatikizidwa kwa maphunziro okwanira, okhudzana ndi jenda komanso zaka zakubadwa pazokhudza zakugonana komanso uchembere komanso ufulu kwa atsikana ndi anyamata pamaphunziro oyenera m'masukulu oyambira ndi kusekondale, ndikulembetsa uhule, pomwe akuchotsa njira zopewera kuchotsa mimba.

Russia malipoti ku UN kuti: nzika za Russian Federation".

Kuti timvetse bwino kufunika kwa malangizowo, tiyeni tidziwe bwino zambiri, zomwe malinga ndi "Miyezo ya WHO yamaphunziro azakugonana ku Europe»Ziyenera kuperekedwa kwa ana:

Gulu la zaka 0-4: Kumva chisangalalo ndi chisangalalo chifukwa chokhudza thupi lanu, maliseche adakali aang'ono. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamaubale ndi mabanja. Ufulu wofufuza za amuna kapena akazi.

Gulu la zaka 4-6: Tanthauzo ndi chiwonetsero chazakugonana, zogonana. Zomverera zonse ndizabwino. Ubale pakati pa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. Malingaliro abwino pazakusiyanasiyana. Kulemekeza zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana zokhudzana ndi kugonana.

Gulu la zaka 6-9: Zotsatira zabwino zakugonana paumoyo ndi thanzi. Ufulu wogonana wa ana. Maliseche / kudzikongoletsa. Kugonana pazanema (kuphatikiza intaneti). Kugonana. Zosankha zokhudzana ndi umayi ndi pakati, kusabereka, kukhazikitsidwa. Kuchepetsa chonde ndikulera.

Gulu la zaka 9-12: Kusiyana kwamakhalidwe ogonana. Malingaliro, ulemu ndi kumvetsetsa kwakusiyanasiyana kwakugonana komanso malingaliro azakugonana. Chidziwitso choyamba chogonana. Chisangalalo, maliseche, maliseche. Kusankha bwenzi kwaulere. Amuna ndi akazi. Kusiyana pakati pakudziwika kuti ndi amuna kapena akazi komanso kugonana kwachilengedwe. Pangani chisankho chofuna kugonana kapena ayi. Ufulu wakugonana monga momwe IPPF ndi INU wafotokozera.

Gulu la zaka 12-15: Kudziwika kuti ndi jenda komanso kugonana, kuphatikiza kudziwonetsera / kugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. Kumvetsetsa zakugonana ngati chidziwitso. Pangani maluso okambirana kuti mukhale ogonana otetezeka komanso osangalatsa. Dziwani zisonyezo za matenda opatsirana pogonana.

Gulu la zaka 15: Kudziwonetsera wekha pamaso pa ena (kuzindikira kugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha). Kulandila machitidwe osiyanasiyana ogonana komanso zikhalidwe zakugonana. Kumva kukhala okhoza kufunsa ufulu wakugonana. Kugonana kwamalonda (uhule, komanso kugonana kwa mphatso zazing'ono, kupita kumalo odyera / makalabu ausiku, ndalama zochepa). Mimba (komanso maanja ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha) komanso kusabereka, kutaya mimba, kulera, kulera kwadzidzidzi.

Nazi momwe pulogalamu yophunzitsira zogonana imawonekera  "Kuyankhula Achinyamata" ("Teenage Talk") yopangidwa ndi Planned Parenthood, pomwe tidzabwerenso. Tidakakamizidwa kuti tiunikire zina mwazinthu za ana chifukwa cha zolaula.

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Zolemba za sayansi za njira "zophunzitsira zogonana" lembani Otsatirawa:

Pofuna kuthandiza ophunzira kukhala ndi njira yovuta yokhudza kugonana / jenda, aphunzitsi ophunzitsa zakugonana ayenera kumvera chisangalalo chamwamuna. Kulandila kwamwamuna kumachepetsa machitidwe abwinobwino monga amuna / akazi, amuna / akazi, achilengedwe / oyimilira. Ndi kupondereza kulandila kwamwamuna, zomwe zimalimbikitsa kukondweretsedwa kwamwamuna zimathandizira kutsimikizira zikhulupiriro zogonana zogonana / amuna kapena akazi, komanso kugonana, kunyansidwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, komanso ulamuliro wamwamuna womwe amalimbikitsa. Kumbali inayi, pokonzanso maliseche achimuna ndikupanga chilankhulo chatsopano chakusangalatsa kumatako - uhule, aphunzitsi atha kuthandiza ophunzira kutsutsa malamulo oletsa jenda.

Zotsatira zakukhazikitsidwa kwa njira za WHO

Zowonedwa kuchuluka kwa matenda a chlamydia, gonorrhea ndi syphilis ku United States (USA) komanso m'maiko aku Europe.

Zambiri zaku US imaimira Center for Disease Control CDC. Amawonetsa kuwonjezeka kwakukulu komanso kosasunthika kwa zochitika za matenda opatsirana pogonana (STDs) m'zaka zaposachedwa. Mitengo ya STD ikukula chaka chachisanu motsatizana ndipo adafika pamanambala. Milandu ya syphilis yobadwa nayo (yomwe imafalikira kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana ali ndi pakati) idakwera ndi 2017% kuyambira 2018 mpaka 40. Chindoko chobadwa nacho chimatha kubweretsa kuperewera padera, kubadwa kwa mwana wakhanda, kufa kwa mwana wakhanda, komanso mavuto akulu azakuthupi ndi minyewa.

Chithunzi chofananira chikuwonedwa ku England:

Ngakhale izi, boma lidaganiza zokakamiza maubwenzi a LGBT ndi maphunziro azakugonana ku masukulu aku UK kuyambira Seputembala. UK Office for Education Standards (OFSTED) ikukonzekera kuchitira nkhanza masukulu omwe amakana kuphunzitsa ana ophatikizira a LGBT. Chifukwa chake, Unduna wa Zamaphunziro anachenjezedwa mkulu wa sukulu yachiyuda ya Orthodox, yemwe amakhulupirira kuti zokambirana za "maubwenzi apamtima, malingaliro azakugonana komanso kupatsidwanso pakati pa amuna ndi akazi ziyenera kukhalabe bizinesi ya makolo," kuti ali ndi milungu iwiri yoyambitsa maphunziro ophatikizira a LGBT kapena kutseka sukulu. Wophunzitsa wakale ku Gloucestershire Academy anachotsedwa ntchito chifukwa "chosachita bwino" atalimbikitsa abwenzi ake a Facebook kuti asayine chikalata chotsutsana ndi pulogalamuyi, yomwe imalimbikitsa poyera maubwenzi ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha komanso kupatsanso ana kwa ana azaka zinayi.

Ku Ulaya, kufalikira kwa matenda opatsirana pogonana (STIs) kumakhala kosalekeza kumawonjezeka... Kukhala ndi mabwenzi ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha kumawonjezera mwayi wotenga chinzonono nthawi 3,3 ndi chindoko nthawi 13,7, malinga ndi ziwerengero zaku Belgian.

В La Netherlands mu 2016, chiwerengero cha matenda a syphilis chinawonjezeka ndi 30% poyerekeza ndi 2015. Kuwonjezeka kumeneku kumachitika makamaka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa matenda opatsirana pakati pa MSM, onse omwe alibe komanso alibe HIV. Kuyesedwa kwa STD ku Center for Health Health (CSG) ku 2019 Chaka chinawonetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa ma STD omwe akhudzidwa poyerekeza ndi 2018 kwawonjezeka. Chiwerengero cha matenda a chindoko chidakwera ndi 16,8%, ndi gonorrhea - ndi 11%, makamaka chifukwa cha amuna omwe amagonana ndi amuna (MSM).

Chlamydia ndiofala kwambiri mu Finland matenda opatsirana pogonana. Mu 2019, pafupifupi 16 ya matenda a chlamydia adapezeka, omwe ndi 200 kuposa mu 1000. Uwu ndiye mulingo wapachaka kwambiri womwe udalembedwapo pa National Registry of Infectious Diseases. Kufalikira kwa matenda kumachitika makamaka pakati pa achinyamata: pafupifupi 2018% mwa omwe amapezeka ndi zaka 80-15. Kuchuluka kwa matenda a chinzonono ndi chindoko nakonso kunachuluka.

Ku Germany, pakati pa 2010 ndi 2017, kuchuluka kwa chindoko kuchuluka ndi milandu 83% mpaka 9,1 mwa anthu 100.

Ku Canada, dziko mlingo wa matenda chindoko kuchuluka kuchokera pa 5,1 pa anthu 100 mu 000 kufika pa 2011 pa anthu 24,7 mu 100 (kuwonjezeka kwa 000%!). Kukula kwakukulu kudawonedwa mu 2020 ndi 400 (mpaka 2018% ndi 2019% pachaka motsatana), zomwe zikufanana ndi kuchuluka kwamilandu mzaka 50 zapitazi. Miyezo ya amuna yakwera mosalekeza kuposa ya akazi pazaka 45 zapitazi; komabe, kuyambira 10 mpaka 10, mitengo ya amayi idakwera ndi 2016% poyerekeza ndi 2020% ya amuna.

Mayiko ambiri akuwona kuchepa kwa kuyezetsa chifukwa cha COVID-19, zomwe sizimawonetsa zomwe zikuchitika pakanthawi yayitali.

Ndipo mu Chingerezi deta boma, pakati pa 2014 ndi 2018, kuchuluka kwa matenda a chlamydia pakati pa MSM kudakulirakulira (61%: kuyambira 11 760 mpaka 18 892), syphilis (61%: kuyambira 3527 mpaka 5681) ndi gonorrhea (43%: kuyambira 18 568 mpaka 26 574) ...

Waku Australia asayansi alemba za "chinzonono chofala pakati pa anthu ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha."

Mwa anthu omwe amakonda amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, pali kuwonjezeka kwamakhalidwe owopsa ndi matenda. Kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu kumachepa ndipo asayansi amaneneratu kuchepa kwa ntchito.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe amakonda kugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha pakati pa achinyamata kukukulira, ndipo anthu omwe ali ndi "jenda dysphoria»Kuchuluka ngati mliri, ndi kuchuluka njila kufalikira kwa matenda a MSM salola fotokozerani zakuchuluka kwa anthu a LGBT pokhapokha kuwonekera kosavuta kwa omwe adayankha.

Malingana ndi Yugov: "Mu 2019, panali pafupifupi theka la anthu" ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha "pakati pa Britons azaka zapakati pa 18-24 kuposa omwe ali mgulu lakale (44% poyerekeza ndi 81%). Ngati mu kafukufuku wofanana wa 2015 2% yokha ya achinyamata adadzizindikiritsa okha "okonda amuna kapena akazi okhaokha", ndiye kuti patadutsa zaka 4 kuchuluka kwawo kudakwera kasanu ndi kamodzi - mpaka 8%.

Pambuyo pa maphunziro a "kuunikiridwa pogonana" ana amakhala ndi chinyengo chakupha chomwe mumangofunika kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu, kenako mutha kusintha ogonana nawo momwe mungafunire.

M'malo mwake, kuchokera pamimba zosafunikira komanso matenda opatsirana pogonana, kondomu ndiyotetezera pang'ono, ndipo ku ma virus ndi mabakiteriya ena pakhungu (monga papillomaviruses ndi mitundu ina ya syphilis) ndiyopanda ntchito konse. Palibe wopanga makondomu angayerekeze kunena kuti "malonda # 2" ake amateteza kasitomala 100%. Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu kumangochepetsa, koma sikuthetsa, chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo, choncho mawu oti "kugonana kotetezeka" akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kale m'malo mwa mawu osocheretsa otsatsa "kugonana otetezeka".

Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu moyenera, ikagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, imakhala ndi 81% (malinga ndi kuyerekezera kosiyanasiyana, kuyambira 69% mpaka 94%). Kuphatikiza apo, matenda opatsirana amafalikira mosavuta kupsompsonana, zikafika pakupsompsona kwanthawi yayitali, ndipo munthu amakhala ndi chiwonetsero cha matendawa pakamwa. Mwachitsanzo, ndi chindoko, chancre ndi zotupa zina nthawi zambiri zimawoneka pakamwa. Gonorrheal ndi chlamydial pharyngitis imatha kupatsidwanso kudzera kupsompsona, monganso ma condylomas (HPV). Ndiyenera kunena kuti milandu yokhudzana ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana kudzera mwa kupsompsona ndiyosowa, koma mwayi wopezeka ndi herpes ndiwokwera kwambiri.

Malinga ndi ziwerengero, azimayi omwe adagonana ndi amuna 10 kapena kupitilira apo amatha kutenga khansa, kuphatikiza khansa ya m'mawere, khomo lachiberekero ndi thumbo. Ziwerengerozi zimagwiranso ntchito kwa amuna omwe ali ndi khansa yapadera. Chifukwa chake ndi papillomavirus ya anthu (HPV), yomwe imafalikira kudzera pakugonana. Zatsimikiziridwa kuti HPV imathandizira kukulitsa khansa ya pachibelekero mwa amayi ndipo, mwachiwonekere, khansa ya m'mawere. Chimodzi mwa mawonetseredwe azachipatala a HPV ndi omwe amatchedwa venereal warts. Vuto la papilloma limatha kupatsira mwana pobereka ndipo limakhudza bronchi ndi trachea.

Kuchuluka kwa zibwenzi zomwe munthu amakhala nazo, kumawonjezera chiopsezo chotenga matenda osiyanasiyana a bakiteriya ndi mabakiteriya, ambiri omwe amatengera ana opunduka kapena osabereka kwathunthu. Chifukwa chake, mzimayi wachiwiri aliyense yemwe adadwala matenda a chinzonono chifukwa chokwera. Kuphatikiza apo, chiwerewere ndi zonyansa zitha kubweretsa kusabereka kwa amuna ndi akazi onse. Kulumikizana ndi zitsanzo za umuna, komanso kulowa m'mimba, kumayambitsa kupanga chitetezo cha mthupi (ASA) ndi chitetezo cha mthupi, chomwe chimasokoneza kutenga pakati, kubereka ndi kubereka mwana wathanzi. 40-45% ya mahule и Akazi 68%ndi zibwenzi zambiri ndizothandiza kwa ASA, zomwe ndizomwe zimayambitsa kusabereka kwa autoimmune. Chifukwa chake, kutsika kwamakhalidwe kumabweretsa kufooka kwa anthu.

Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta zobereka mwa amuna, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda opatsirana m'mimba.

В kafukufuku maanja omwe ali ndi vuto lopita padera, ma ejaculate pathologies osiyanasiyana (pathospermia) amapezeka mu 89% mwa amuna omwe adayesedwa. Mu 100% ya milandu, kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa spermatozoa yogwira komanso kuyenda kwawo (asthenozoospermia) ndikuphwanya gawo la asidi-ejaculate (pH 7,9-8,0) adapezeka. Anapezedwanso antiisperm antibodies (92%), kuchuluka kwa mamasukidwe akayendedwe (63%), kupezeka kwa ntchofu ndi microflora (44%), teratosospermia (kulephera kwa umuna wambiri) (35%). Mu 61% ya odwala matenda a papillomavirus amapezeka, mu 40% - herpesvirus; Matenda a Chlamydial amapezeka mu 45%, Trichomonas vaginalis mu 5%, ureaplasma mu 86%, M. Hominis mycoplasma mu 44%. Onse omwe anafufuzidwa (100%) anali ndi othandizira opatsirana awiri kapena kupitilira apo.

Zotsatira Zamaphunziro Ogonana

Zotsatira za "maphunziro" ngati amenewa, komanso ziphuphu, zidalengezedwa Novembala 22, 2019 pagome lozungulira "Kutetezedwa mwalamulo kwa miyambo ya makolo", yomwe idachitikira ku Public Chamber of the Russian Federation. Mtsogoleri wa Institute for Family Research (USA) Paul Cameron adati kufalitsa nkhani zonyansa ku United States kwachulukitsa chiwerengero cha amuna kapena akazi okhaokha pakati pa ana asukulu yasekondale pazaka XNUMX zapitazi.

Malinga ndi iye, kuyambitsa chiwerewere ndi zonyansa, zomwe wasayansi uja adazitcha "chipembedzo" chopitilira muyeso, chankhanza komanso cha fascist chomwe chidakhalako ", zidapangitsa kuti zisinthe zomwe amakonda ophunzira aku America aku sekondale. Mu 2001-2009, 92,1% ya ophunzira aku sekondale ku United States adayankha kuti amangokonda amuna kapena akazi anzawo. Ndi 5% yokha mwa omwe amafunsidwa adadzizindikira kuti ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. Nthawi yomweyo, 2,6% ya ophunzira aku sekondale adalembetsa kuti "sanasankhe".

Mu 2017, chiwerengero cha ophunzira pasukulu yasekondale chinagwera 85,1%. Nthawi yomweyo, chiwerengero cha amuna kapena akazi okhaokha komanso amuna kapena akazi okhaokha pakati pa ophunzira aku sekondale omwe adafunsidwa chidakwera mpaka 10,3%. Mu 2017, kuchuluka kwa omwe amagonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha kwanthawi yoyamba kunayamba kuchuluka kulikonse mpaka 1,8%. Chiwerengero cha ophunzira pasukulu yasekondale anali 1,6%.

Malinga ndi wasayansiyo, kuchuluka kwa ana asukulu omwe amadzizindikira kuti ndi oimira gulu la LGBT ndi zotsatira za maphunziro kusukulu, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti kugonana ndi chisankho cha jenda ndi bizinesi ya mwana. ^[8].

Kale kumadzulo, achinyamata omwe amagonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ndi ochepa ogonana ^[7], ndipo chiwerengero cha anthu ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha chakwera kufika pamlingo wosagwirizana ndi kusintha kwa anthu. Malinga ndi miyezo ya WHO, 15% ya mabanja osabereka ikuyimira vuto la kuchuluka kwa anthu mdzikolo. Masiku ano kumayiko akumadzulo, mpaka 15% ya achinyamata, omwe amadziona ngati LGBT, awonjezeredwa ku 14% ya wosabala pazifukwa zakuthupi.

Palibe kukayika kuti zosinthazi zikuchitika kudzera munthawi yoganizira bwino ndikuwongoleredwa. Taonani omwe angapindule nawo.

Zolinga zamaphunziro azakugonana

Kafukufuku, yochitidwa ndi University of Akron, idapeza kuti chifukwa cha maphunziro azakugonana, ophunzira amakhala ololera komanso osadana ndi zachiwerewere.

Mtsogoleri wa Service Intelligence Service (SVR) Sergey Naryshkin anatero mawu ofunikira angapo pamsonkhano wapadziko lonse wonena za chitetezo ku Ufa. Ali ndi chidaliro kuti ponamizira "omasula anthu" magulu ankhondo amdziko latsopano akumenya nkhondo yolimbana ndi zikhalidwe komanso zikhalidwe zadziko. Pachifukwa ichi, achinyamata amakonzedwa bwino kwambiri.

"Pofuna kufulumizitsa kukokomeza kwa lingaliro la jenda, kufunikira kwa banja ndi ukwati, mapulogalamu akukwaniritsidwa kuti alimbikitse" ufulu "wa gulu la LGBT, kufalitsa malingaliro azachikazi ... chikumbumtima. Zikuwonekeratu kuti anthu oterewa ndi zinthu zabwino kuzipusitsa, makamaka ngati ali ndi iPhone yolumikizidwa ndi netiweki. "

Kodi Iye analemba Krylatova T.A.:

"Tikamva mawu onena za kufunika kochepetsa kuchuluka kwa ana padziko lapansi, mwachitsanzo kuchokera Kalabu ya ku Roma, Prince Harry ndi William, pazifukwa zina timakhulupirira kuti awa ndi malingaliro chabe ndi zofuna zenizeni za osankhika komanso owerengera anthu. Koma posachedwa, malipoti ndi zida zayamba kuonekera zomwe zikusonyeza izi: kumbuyo zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi, aku America akuwunika demokalase adapanga ndikufalitsa njira zochepetsera kuchuluka kwa ana, zomwe zidakhala zofunika kwambiri pamalamulo akunja aku US. Lipoti lodziwika bwino la Kissinger "NSSM-200", lopangidwa ndi National Security Council ndikulimbikira zakufunika kochepetsera chonde padziko lonse lapansi, mu 1975 limakhala chitsogozo chachitetezo cha Purezidenti Ford, ndipo mu 2011 "kuteteza ufulu wa anthu a LGBT" kumakhalanso chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kwa akunja aku America andale ".

Marshall Kirk ndi Hunter Madsen, omenyera ufulu wa chiwerewere ku Harvard omwe adapanga njira zabodza zogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, muAfter the Ball»Makhalidwe odziwika a kayendedwe ka gay «ndale zandale и kupondereza kulondola ndale "... Fascism iyi imakhala ndi vuto lina ikagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu apamwamba padziko lonse lapansi kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa kubadwa, komwe kwanenedwa mobwerezabwereza, kuphatikiza pazosayansi. ^[2]. 

Kuchepetsa anthu

Mu 1954, kabuku kakuti "Population Bomb" kanasindikizidwa ku USA, komwe kunapangitsa kuti chiwopsezo cha kuchuluka kwa anthu chiwonjezeke ndikulengeza zakufunika kwakulera kwakanthawi.

Mu 1958, Sir Arthur Charles Clarke mu ake zamtsogoloPolankhula zakuchulukirachulukira kwa dziko lapansi, adagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zodzitetezera anthu - kuyambira kupha ana, kutsekemera komanso kumangidwa pambuyo pa mwana wachiwiri, kukakamiza kugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha:

“Nthawi ikhoza kudzafika yoti amuna kapena akazi okhaokha azikakamizidwa, osati kutengera mafashoni. Zowonadi, kudzakhala chodabwitsanso ngati patapita nthawi yayitali - ndipo titenga gawo lathu la kupulumuka kwa anthu onse - chibadwa chotsutsanachi chimakhala chofunikira kwambiri pakupulumuka kuposa kufunitsitsa kuberekana ”(Magazini ya Harper, Vol. 216, Januwale 1958).

Mu 1959, Unduna wa Zachikhalidwe ku US udapereka lipoti lonena za kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa anthu padziko lonse lapansi, lomwe lati kuwonjezeka kwachangu kukuwopseza bata padziko lonse lapansi. ^[2].

Mu 1969, polankhula ku Congress, Purezidenti wa United States a Nixon adati kuchuluka kwa anthu ndi "limodzi mwazovuta zazikulu kwambiri zakutsogolo kwa anthu" ndipo adapempha kuti achitepo kanthu mwachangu ^[3]... Wolemba zaumulungu a Kingsley Davis (m'modzi mwa anthu otsogola pakukhazikitsa njira zakulera), komanso kufalitsa njira zolerera, kuchotsa mimba ndi kutseketsa, akuti "Sinthani zovuta zogonana" ndi chilimbikitso “Njira zachilendo zakugonana” ^[2]... Mnzake wa Davis, Katswiri wa zachikhalidwe cha anthu, a Judith Blake, apempha kuti athetse misonkho komanso nyumba zolimbikitsira kubereka ndi kuchotsa ziletso zalamulo ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. ^[4]... Preston Cloud, woimira US National Academy of Sciences, adalimbikitsa kuti boma livomereze kuchotsa mimba ndi maubale ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ^[2]... Chaka chomwecho, Wachiwiri kwa Purezidenti wa International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF) Frederic Jaffe adalemba chikumbutso momwe "Kulimbikitsa kukula kwa kugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha" idalembedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwanjira zochepetsera kuchuluka kwa ana ^[5].

Patatha miyezi itatu, zipolowe za Stonewall zidayamba ndipo kukakamizidwa kunayambika ku bungwe la American Psychiatric Organisation (APA), lomwe linathetsa lingaliro lotsogolera lochotsa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha pagulu lazovuta. Palibe umboni wokhutiritsa womwe waperekedwa wotsimikizira kusinthaku pamalingaliro amisala okhudzana ndi kugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha.

Mkazi womenyera ufulu wachiwerewere ku America a Barbara Gittings anavomereza moona mtima kuti: “... Sanali lingaliro lamankhwala, ndichifukwa chake zonse zidachitika mwachangu. Kupatula apo, kwadutsa zaka zitatu zokha kuchokera pomwe anthu oyamba kuchita mantha pamsonkhano wa APA komanso gulu la oyang'anira lisanatchule amuna kapena akazi okhaokha pamndandanda wamavuto amisala. Zinali lingaliro lazandale (...) Tinachiritsidwa usiku umodzi ndi cholembera ...» ^[2].

Mu 1970, wolemba nthano yosintha kwa kuchuluka kwa anthu, a Frank Knowstein, polankhula ku National War College pamaso pa akuluakulu ankhondo, adati "kugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha kumatetezedwa potengera kuti kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa anthu." ^[4].

Zochitika zina zimatsatira malangizo omveka bwino:

1972 chaka - lipoti "Kukula kwamalire”Adawonetsa zochitika 12 zakukula kwa mtundu wa anthu. Zochitika zonse zabwino zimafunikira kusintha kwandale komanso chikhalidwe, kuphatikiza zoletsa zolimba pakubwera kwachilengedwe.

1974 chaka - lipoti la National Security Council "NSSM-200" likuwonetsa kufunikira kwakuchepa kwachonde padziko lonse lapansi ndipo akufuna "kuyang'ana kwambiri maphunziro ndi kuphunzira m'badwo wachinyamata pofunitsitsa kukhala ndi banja laling'ono.

Pamsonkhano wa UN World Population Conference ku Bucharest, mayiko onse mamembala (kupatula Vatican) akudzipereka kuti achepetse chonde.

1975 chaka - mwalamulo la Purezidenti Ford "NSSM-200" imakhala chitsogozo chazomwe zachitika pankhani yazokhudza zakunja kwa US.

1990 chaka - kuchotsedwa kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha kuchokera ku WHO ICD ndikuyamba kampeni yakudziwitsa za kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha.

1994 chaka - The Cairo Accords, pomwe anthu amabadwira, momwe banja limakhalira komanso zakugonana. Ntchito yayikulu ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kubadwa, komwe kunaperekedwa ndikudzimangirira kufanana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi, kusamalira uchembere wabwino wa amayi komanso kulemekeza ufulu wawo wobereka (mwachitsanzo, kuchotsa mimba ndi kutseka). Njira zowonongera anthu zikuphatikiza "maphunziro azakugonana", kulera komanso kufalitsa nkhani zakubala.

2000 chaka - kuchokera ku zikalata za UN: “WHO, komanso UNFPA ndi UNAIDS, akuthandiza mokwanira Mgwirizano wa International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF) Mgwirizano Wokhudza Kugonana Ndi Uchembere ndikupempha maunduna azaumoyo kuti: Alemekeze maufulu ogonana ndi uchembere ndikukonzanso malamulo oyenera pakafunika kutero, makamaka za kuchotsa mimba ndi kugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha» ^[9].

UNFPA ndi bungwe la United Nations la "kuchuluka kwa anthu" komanso "kuchuluka kwa anthu", zomwe zikuphatikiza kuchuluka kwa anthu. Ndiye kuti, bungweli, lomwe lidapangidwa kuti lithandizire kuchuluka kwa anthu, limalumikiza mayankho abwinowa pantchito yomwe yapatsidwa ndi kulimbikitsa kutaya mimba ndi kugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. Ndipo bungweli ndi logwirizana kwathunthu ndi IPPF, yemwe wachiwiri wawo purezidenti mu 1969 adakhazikitsa chikumbutso cha njira zosiyanasiyana zolerera, zambiri zomwe zakhala zenizeni:

2010 chaka - Miyezo ya WHO yamaphunziro azakugonana ku Europe ndikulimbikitsa kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ndi malingaliro okhudzana ndi kugonana koyambirira kwa ana ^[10].

2011 chaka - Oyang'anira a Barack Obama alengeza kuti "kumenyera ufulu wa anthu ochepa ogonana" ndichofunikira kwambiri pamalingaliro akunja aku America.

2015 chaka - Khothi Lalikulu ku United States likakamiza mayiko onse kuti alembetse ukwati wa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha.

2017 chaka - lipoti Kalabu ya ku Roma "Inu! Capitalism, Kutha kwakanthawi, Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi Kuwonongeka kwa Planet akuti: "Padziko lapansi lomwe lili ndi malire, kuchuluka kwa anthu kuyenera kuchepetsedwa chilengedwe chisanachitike."

2019 chaka - Seputembara 10, 2019 patsamba la Project Syndicate adasindikiza manifesto "Dziko lapansi ndi UN ziyenera kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa anthu."

2020 Chaka - Kazembe wakale wa US ku Germany komanso wogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha a Richard Grenell, director director of US national intelligence, adati mabungwe ake akuyenera kutenga nawo mbali kuti mayiko athetse malamulo ndi mfundo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti amuna kapena akazi okhaokha akhale olakwa. Mofananamo, kuletsedwa kwa kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ndiimodzi mwaziganizo zamgwirizano wa Kosovo woperekedwa ndi aku America ku Serbia.

Kukwezeleza zogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha komanso kugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha

Doctor of Medical Science ndi Pulofesa Kocharyan Garnik Surenovich adati mu lipoti la Public Chamber of the Russian Federation: 

“M'masiku amakono, zosintha zikuchitika zomwe zikuwononga miyambo ndi zikhalidwe, zomwe, makamaka, zimawonekera m'magulu azachipatala. Ndikulakwitsa kukhulupirira kuti kugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha nthawi zonse kumakhala kwachibadwa ndipo chifukwa chake palibe zomwe zakunja zimatha kuyambitsa chidwi chakukopa. Kuphatikiza apo, titha kunena kuti simubadwa konse, popeza palibe chitsogozo cha chilakolako chogonana mwa mwana wakhanda ndipo chimapangidwa patangopita zaka zochepa. Kafukufuku wamakono akuwonetsa kuti nthawi zina ndizotheka kunena za zovuta zochepa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda obadwa nawo, pomwe malingaliro ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu ndizofunikira kwambiri pakukhazikika kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. Chifukwa chake, zoyipa zabodza zokhudzana ndi kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ndizodziwikiratu, zomwe zitha kudzetsa kusintha kwa malingaliro azakugonana kapena kapangidwe kake kolakwika. Kumvetsetsa izi kwapangitsa kuti m'maiko angapo muli malamulo oletsa kupititsa patsogolo kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. Chifukwa chake, m'maiko asanu ndi atatu aku US (Alabama, Arizona, Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Texas ndi Utah), pambuyo pa Russia, lamulo loletsa mabodza amenewa " ^[11].

Kukwezeleza zogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha kapena moyo wogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ndizotheka komanso kupititsa patsogolo moyo wabwino. Pali njira za sayansi zolimbikitsira kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, komwe kumadziwika kuti ndi "zilembo zachiwerewere" ^[1,12,13]... Kulimbikitsa kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha kukukulitsa chiwerengero cha achinyamata omwe akulengeza kuti si amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ^[7], pomwe kuchuluka kwa matenda omwe amadziwika ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ^[14,15] salola kufotokoza kuwonjezeka kwa ziwerengero za anthu a LGBT kokha chifukwa chotseguka kwa omwe adayankha ^[14]... Kukwezeleza zakugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha komanso mitundu yonyansa yakugonana idakonzedwa ndi akatswiri aku America kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa kubadwa ^[2].

Asayansi aku America ochokera ku University ya Brown adasanthula zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa "dysphoria mwadzidzidzi" pakati pa achinyamata ndipo adazindikira kuti chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakusintha mawonekedwe achichepere ndikubatizidwa kwake pa intaneti pa ma transgender. ^[21].

Asanalengeze kuti ali ndi transgender, achinyamata adawonera makanema onena za zomwe zimatchedwa "kusintha", omwe amalumikizana ndi anthu omwe ali ndi ma transgender m'malo ochezera a pa Intaneti ndikuwerenga ma transgender. Ambiri analinso abwenzi ndi m'modzi kapena angapo amtundu wa transgender. Wachitatu mwa omwe anafunsidwa adanena kuti ngati pali wachinyamata m'modzi yemwe amalumikizana ndi akazi, pamenepo oposa theka la achinyamata mgululi nawonso adadzizindikiritsa okha ngati transgender. Gulu lomwe mamembala ake 50% amakhala transgender likuyimira mulingo wokwanira 70 kuposa kuchuluka komwe kumayembekezereka pakati pa achinyamata.

Ulamuliro ndi chitetezo cha anthu

Kutsatira Kumadzulo, Russia ikukumana ndi zisinthidwe zomwe sizinachitikepo pamalingaliro ochepetsa kubadwa, kuphatikiza njira zophunzitsira achinyamata njira zotsutsana ndi chonde komanso zotsutsana ndi mabanja. Pachifukwa ichi, zofuna zandale komanso zandale zomwe zimatchedwa. "Zocheperako" zikufanana ndi "ufulu wachibadwidwe wa anthu".

Kusintha kulikonse kumafuna anthu omwe alibe kulumikizana ndi anthu omwe akukonzekera izi, kuti apange gulu labwino komanso kuti apange otsutsana otsika mtengo komanso ogwirizana. Gulu la LGBT limadziwika ndi cosmopolitanism, antisocial and anti-state. Otsatira ake ambiri amadziona ngati mamembala a gulu la LGBT komanso nzika za dziko la LGBT m'malo mokhala anthu wamba komanso nzika zadzikolo.

Mwachiwonekere, "dziko latsopano lolimba mtima" lidzabwera kwa ife pamapewa opotoza ogonana omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chida champhamvu zandale. Pafupifupi atsogoleri onse a EU alibe ana, ndipo tsopano akuwonjezeredwa ndi anthu otseguka a LGBT kuchuluka mitengo mavuto amisala komanso mavuto ena omwe amapezeka mdera lino. Olemba amuna kapena akazi okhaokha omwe analemba "After The Ball", Pothana ndi zovuta zamakhalidwe a" gay "wamba, kudakuti ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha amakana zamakhalidwe onse; kuti amagonana m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri, ndipo ngati asokonezedwa, amayamba kufuula za kuponderezana komanso kudana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha; kuti iwo ndi amwano, amisala, odzikonda, okonda kunama, okonda moyo wosakhulupirika, osakhulupirika, ankhanza, odziwononga okha, kukana zenizeni, zopanda nzeru, zandale komanso malingaliro abodza. Ndizosangalatsa kudziwa kuti zaka 40 m'mbuyomu izi zinali zofananira ndi katswiri wazamisala. Edmund Bergler, yemwe adaphunzira kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha kwa zaka 30 ndipo adadziwika kuti ndiye "theorist wofunikira kwambiri" pankhaniyi. Osankhidwa Chikalatacho cha CIA chimafotokoza za amuna kapena akazi okhaokha motere: "Kwa nthawi yayitali anthu amakhulupirira kuti kugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha sikuti kumangotipatsa chiwopsezo, chifukwa chake chiwopsezo chachikulu chachitetezo, komanso kukuwonetsanso kuchuluka kwa chilema (mwachitsanzo, kusayenerera) komwe mwachiwerengero sikugwirizana ndi kuthekera kwakumaliza bwino. ntchito mu Agency ".

Kodi mumawakonda bwanji osankhika komanso otsutsawa?

Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha malingaliro andale a omenyera ufulu wawo, ufulu wa anthu wamba "LGBT" waphwanyidwa, makamaka, kulandira chodalirika chokhudzana ndi kugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha komanso thandizo la psychotherapeutic kwa iwo omwe akufuna kusintha malingaliro achilendo a chilakolako chawo chogonana.

Ngakhale aku Europe, pozindikira kuwonongeka kwa njira zochepetsera kuchuluka kwa ana obadwira ku United States, akutengapo gawo kuti ateteze ulamuliro ndi chitetezo cha dzikolo.

Choncho, boma la Viktor Orbán linaganiza zochita zabwino kwa anthu a ku Hungarian, osati kwa okonda dziko lonse lapansi, molimba mtima akutenga mbali ya nzeru. Mosiyana ndi anzake aku Europe, mtsogoleri waku Hungary amalankhula poyera za ubwino waukwati wogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ndipo amatsata mfundo zoteteza chikhalidwe cha mabanja ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa kubadwa. Iye anakana kutenga nawo mbali "mu flotilla wogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha a Eurovision ndi azimayi ake odziwika bwino komanso a ndevu." Anatseka dzikoli ku maulendo a anthu othawa kwawo, kuchepetsa ntchito za NGOs ndikuthamangitsa "Central European University" yomwe inakhazikitsidwa ndi Soros (yofanana ndi Higher School of Economics) kuchokera m'dzikoli, kuletsa kusokonezeka kwa "maphunziro a jenda".

Mu Meyi 2020, opanga malamulo ku Hungary adavomereza lamulo, lomwe mfundo yake ikuluikulu ikufuna kutenga "kugonana kwachilengedwe kotengera zikhalidwe zoyambirira zogonana ndi ma chromosomes ngati chifukwa chokha cholingalirira munthu wamwamuna kapena wamkazi." Kuperekedwa kwa lamuloli kudzathetsa kuvomerezeka mwalamulo kwa "anthu opitilira muyeso" omwe akufuna kunamizira kuti ndi amuna kapena akazi anzawo.

Purezidenti wa Poland adasaina chikalata chotchedwa "Family Card", chomwe chili ndi zitsimikiziro zaphindu kwa mabanja omwe ali ndi ana komanso kuteteza mabanja ku malingaliro a LGBT.

Duda adanenetsa kuti kulera ana ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ndi malingaliro akunja, osagwirizana ndi miyambo yaku Poland. Chifukwa chake, "Khadi la Banja" likuti boma liyenera kutetezera banja kusokonezedwa ndi LGBT, ndipo ndi makolo okha ndipo palibe wina amene azichita nawo maphunziro azakugonana a ana awo. Komanso chikalatacho chimati malingaliro a LGBT saloledwa m'malo aboma.

Atsogoleri a mayiko omwe akukana Msonkhano wa Istanbul (Poland, Hungary, Turkey) akuti akufuna kuteteza chikhalidwe chawo komanso dziko lawo, malingaliro am'banja lawo, ndikuletsa malingaliro olimbana ndi mabanja komanso mfundo zotsutsana ndi mabanja.

Mu Januwale 2020 V.V. Putin polankhula ku Federal Assembly adati: 

"Tsogolo la Russia, malingaliro ake m'mbiri yake zimatengera kuti ndi angati aife omwe tidzakhalepo (Ndikufuna kuyamba gawo lowerengera ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu), zimatengera kuti ndi ana angati omwe adzabadwire m'mabanja achi Russia mchaka chimodzi, zaka zisanu, khumi, zomwe adzakule, adzakhala, atani pachitukuko cha dzikolo, ndi mfundo ziti zomwe zingawathandize pamoyo wawo ...

Ndiudindo wathu wakale kuthana ndi vutoli. Osangotuluka mumsampha wa anthu, komanso pakatikati pa zaka khumi zikubwerazi, zitsimikizireni kukula kwachilengedwe kwa anthu mdzikolo. Mu 2024, kubadwa kuyenera kukhala 1,7 ".

Ndizosatheka kuthana ndi ntchito zakukula kwa kuchuluka kwa anthu komwe kukhazikitsidwa ndi Purezidenti ngati Russia ipitiliza kugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje ochepetsa kuchuluka kwa ana obadwira kumayiko aku Western, zomwe zimalimbikitsa kulimbikitsa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, transsexualism, kusabala ana, kuchotsa mimba, machitidwe ogonana omwe amathandizira matenda komanso kusabereka, ndi njira zina zowonongera banja.

Kulimbana ndi malingaliro achikhalidwe, omwe amawatcha "homophobia", akuwerengedwa ndi ogwira ntchito ku HSE ngati njira yogonjetsera kuthandizira kwa boma komanso gulu lonse la Russia ^[6].

Maphunziro azakugonana

Akatswiri azakugonana aku Russia, komabe, amapereka njira zoyenera maphunziro ogonana. Katswiri wazogonana, wochizira kugonana, psychotherapist, katswiri wama psychologist Evgeniy Aleksandrovich Kulgavchuk, Purezidenti wa "Professional Association of Sexologists", membala wathunthu wa Professional Psychotherapeutic League. akuti:

“Zachidziwikire, mwana wazaka zisanu sayenera kupaka thunthu lonse munjira zamankhwala, ndipo ndizosafunikira kwathunthu, mwachitsanzo, kuuza ndi kuwonetsa msungwanayo komwe kuli clitoris. Ngati tikulankhula za sekondale, mwana akamayamba kale maphunziro a biology ndipo atha, mogwirizana ndi maphunzirowo, amatha kugwira ntchito ndi malingaliro pamiyeso ya ma pistils ndi ma stamens, pankhaniyi zitha kukhala zoyenera kuyankhulanso zamankhwala. Chifukwa chake, ali kale pasukulu yapakatikati, ndizotheka kuuza mwana mwanayo mayina onse, komabe osafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane. Mwachitsanzo, ndikokwanira kuti mwana amvetsetse kuti pali mbolo ndi machende. Ndipo chomwe ndikofunikira kuti musavalire zovala zamkati zolimba, kuti pasakhale zovuta pakukula kwa umuna ndikuberekanso mtsogolo, kuti muwonetsetse ukhondo wa mbolo, ndikuti izi ndizofunikira monga kutsuka mano (ngati makolo anaphonya zaukhondo ali ndi zaka zoyambirira). Ndipo sizofunikira kwenikweni kumuuza za zingwe za umuna. Zachidziwikire, mawu ofanana atha kutchulidwanso. Mwachitsanzo, maliseche, omwe amatchedwanso kuti mbolo, kapena mbolo. Zachidziwikire, ndikwabwino kuyika zokambirana izi ndi mnyamatayo kwa abambo kuposa amayi ndi mosemphanitsa, ndipo za kusamba ndizolankhula ndi mwana wake wamkazi, inde amayi, osati bambo. "

Kwa funso: "Kodi ndizolondola bwanji kukambirana nkhani zakubadwa ndi ana mkati mwa sukulu (pamalo poyera), osati kunyumba momasuka?»Katswiri akuyankha: “Ndili ndi chizolowezi choganiza kuti malo okhala panyumba akhoza kukhala osalimba komanso ogwira ntchito moyenera. M'mabanja ena izi zitha kukhala poyambira kukambirana zachinsinsi pakati pa makolo ndi ana, zachidziwikire, zili bwino ndi nthumwi yofanana. ".

RosAna aku Sian ngakhale opanda "seksprosvet" amalandila zokwanira za kapangidwe ka ziwalo zoberekera m'maphunziro a biology, ndipo amadziwana bwino ndi ma STD mokwanira komanso moyenera pa maphunziro ZOTHANDIZA ZA MOYO.

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Mabuku

[Nkhani yaulere ya PMC] [Adasankhidwa] 1. Kirk M., Madsen H. After the Ball: Momwe America Adzagonjetsere Kuopa Kwake ndi Udani wa Amuna Ndi Akazi Amayi mzaka Zam'ma 90. Doubleday, 1989 p. ISBN 398.

2. Lysov, VG Information ndi lipoti lowunikira. "Zolemba za gulu lachiwerewere potengera zomwe asayansi apeza" Research and Innovation Center, 2019. - 751 p. - doi: 10.12731 / 978-5-907208-04-9, ISBN 978-5-907208-04-9. Pa intaneti https://pro-lgbt.ru/5155/

3. Richard Nixon, Uthenga Wapadera ku Kongeresi Yokhudza Mavuto Akukula kwa Chiwerengero cha Anthu. Pa intaneti ndi Gerhard Peters ndi John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/node/239625

4. Connelly M., Population Control ndi Mbiri: New Perspectives on the International Campaign to Limit Population Growth (Eng.), Comparative Study in Society and History., 2003, Vol. 45, akutuluka. 1, P. 122-147., ISSN 0010-4175 1475-2999, 0010-4175., DOI: 10.1017 / S0010417503000069.

5. Jaffe F. Kalata yopita kwa Bernard Berelson (memorandamu). Ipezeka pa intaneti https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B0KCqtNShmxgYTA1REcxai1OME0 .

6. Gulevich O., Osin E., et al., Kufufuza Kugonana kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha: Chitsanzo cha malingaliro ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ku Russia, Journal of Homosexuality. 2018. Vol. 65. Ayi. 13.P. 1838-1866., DOI: 10.1080 / 00918369.2017.1391017.

7. https://yougov.co.uk/topics/relationships/articles-reports/2019/07/03/one-five-young-people-identify-gay-lesbian-or-bise

8. https://daliaresearch.com/blog/counting-the-lgbt-population-6-of-europeans-identify-as-lgbt/ 

9. http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0013/120226/E71193.pdf 

10. Miyezo yamaphunziro azakugonana ku Europe. Chikalata cha opanga mfundo, atsogoleri ndi akatswiri pantchito zamaphunziro ndi zaumoyo, FZPSZ, Cologne, 2010, 76 mas., ISBN 978-3-937707-82-2 https://www.bzga-whocc.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Dokumente/WHO_BZgA_Standards_russisch.pdf

11. https://regnum.ru/news/society/2803617.html 

12. https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-10-04-vw-693-story.html: "Monga momwe alembi amavomerezera kuti:" Tikulankhula zazofalitsa. ".

13. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hsggp7LEiRk LGBT activist, co-founder and the "Russian LGBT Network" Igor Kochetkov (munthu akuchita ngati wothandizila kunja) (malinga ndi Wikipedia "candidate wa sayansi mbiri, Nobel Prize nominee ndi mmodzi wa 100 oganiza padziko lonse nthawi yathu" ) m'nkhani yake: "Mphamvu zandale za gulu la LGBT padziko lonse lapansi: momwe omenyera ufulu adayendera" adatero bukuli (After The Ball) yakhala "zilembo" za omenyera ufulu wa LGBT padziko lonse lapansi, kuphatikiza ku Russia. Zonse zidapitilira, ndipo ambiri akupitilizabe kutsatira mfundo zomwe zafotokozedwazo. "

14. Catherine H. Mercer, Kevin A. Fenton, Andrew J. Copas, Kaye Wellings, Bob Erens. Kuchulukitsa kwakuchuluka kwa maubwenzi ogonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha komanso machitidwe ku Britain 1990-2000: umboni kuchokera kufufuzidwe kadziko lonse // AIDS (London, England). - 2004-07-02. - T. 18, ayi. 10. - P. 1453-1458.

15. https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/sexually-transmitted-infections-stis-annual-data-tables... Ku England, pakati pa 2014 ndi 2018, panali kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kuchuluka kwa matenda a chlamydia pakati pa MSM (61%; kuyambira 11 mpaka 760), syphilis (18%; kuyambira 892 mpaka 61) ndi gonorrhea (3527%; kuyambira 5681 mpaka 43 18).

16.: Kocharyan GS Pazithandizo zakuwongolera komanso kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito // World of sexology (zamagetsi zamagetsi). - 2020. - Na. 18. - Ulalo: http://1sexology.ru/kocharyan-g-s-o-konversionnoj-terapii-i-celesoobraznosti-eyo-primeneniya/

[Nkhani yaulere ya PMC] [Adasankhidwa] 17. Marseille E, Mirzazadeh A, Biggs MA, et al. Kuchita bwino kwa Mapulogalamu Odziteteza ku Mimba a Achinyamata ku USA: Kuwunika Kwadongosolo ndi Kufufuza Meta. Pambuyo pa Sci. 2018; 19 (4): 468. onetsani: 10.1007 / s11121-017-0861-6

18. https://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp/newsroom/2018/press-release-2018-std-prevention-conference.html

19. Kocharyan GS Udindo wazomwe zimayambitsa kupangika kwa amuna kapena akazi okhaokha: kusanthula kwamakono kwavuto // Thanzi la abambo. - 2018. - Na. 4 (67). - S. 20-25.

20. http://www.doctors-sexologists.ru/publik/230-krylatova.html

21. Lisa Littman. Kuyamba kwachangu kwa dysphoria mwa achinyamata ndi achinyamata: Kafukufuku wa malipoti a makolo. MALO OYAMBA, 2018; 13 (8): e0202330 DOI: 10.1371 / journal.pone.0202330 Zambiri: https://pro-lgbt.ru/550/

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