Sele wabhala malunga nesazinzulu saseJamani esikholelwa kwindaleko u-Ulrich Kucher, owafakwa ematyaleni ngenxa yokufuna ukubuza imibuzo nge-pseudoscience esekelwe kwiingcamango ze-LGBT kunye nethiyori yesini. Emva kweminyaka eliqela yokuvavanywa kwetyala, isazinzulu sakhululwa, kodwa elo tyala alizange liphelele apho. Ngenye imini uye wasixelela ukuba umtshutshisi uzama ukutshitshisa ukugwetywa aze aphinde avule ityala, ngeli xesha ngejaji eyahlukileyo. Ngezantsi sipapasha ileta ethunyelwe kuthi ngunjingalwazi. Ngokutsho kwakhe, waphendukela ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwizinto zesayensi eziqokelelwe kwiwebhusayithi yeqela leSayensi yeNyaniso kunye encwadini UViktor Lysov's "Rhetoric of the Movement of Homosexual Movement in the Light of Scientific Facts", ayithatha njengenye yezona zixhobo zixabisekileyo.
Funda ngakumbi »Uluhlu loLondolozo lweDidi: Iinguqu
UGerard Aardweg kwi-psychology yesini nobungqingili
Isazi ngengqondo esidumileyo seDutch uGerard van den Aardweg ukhethe ngokukodwa esifundweni kunye nonyango lobufanasini uninzi lomsebenzi wakhe obalulekileyo we-50. Ilungu leKomiti yeeNgcebiso ngezeNzululwazi yoMbutho weSizwe woFundo kunye nonyango lobuNtu (i-NARTH), umbhali weencwadi kunye namanqaku ezenzululwazi, namhlanje ungomnye weengcali ezimbalwa ezinesibindi sokuchaza inyani engachanekanga yesi sihloko kuphela kwizikhundla eziyinyani, ngokusekwe kwinjongo, hayi ekugqwethekeni kwengqondo. Idatha ekhethiweyo Apha ngezantsi kukho ingxelo evela kwingxelo yakhe "Ukuqheleka" koBungqingili kunye noHumanae Vitae "funda ngaphandle kwinkomfa yoopopu I-Academy yoBomi baBantu kunye noSapho kunyaka 2018.
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Ngaba "isayensi yanamhlanje" ayikhethi buso ubufanasini?
Uninzi lwezi zinto zipapashiwe kwiphephabhuku "IJenali yaseRussia yezeMfundo kunye nePsychology": uLysov V. Isayensi kunye nokuthandana kwabantu abatshatileyo: ukuthanda icala kwezopolitiko kwi-Academia yanamhlanje.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12731/2658-4034-2019-2-6-49
“Isidima senzululwazi yokwenyaniwe sibangelwa yinto ethandabuzekayo
amawele udade - "fake" isayensi, leyo
Yijenda yengqondo kuphela.
Le mbono yathatha loo trust
"Iincwadi zesayensi ziyinyani."
kwincwadi ka-Austin Rousse ethi Fake Science
Isishwankathelo
Funda ngakumbi »Iingxelo ezinjengokuthi "unobangela wemfuza wobufanasini ungqiniwe" okanye "umtsalane wobufanasini awunakuguqulwa" zenziwa rhoqo kwimisitho edumileyo yemfundo yesayensi nakwi-Intanethi, ejoliswe, phakathi kwezinye izinto, kubantu abangenamava ngokwenzululwazi. Kweli nqaku, ndiza kubonisa ukuba uluntu lwale mihla lwezenzululwazi lulawulwa ngabantu abasebenzisa iimbono zabo zentlalo nezopolitiko kwimisebenzi yabo yezenzululwazi, besenza inkqubo yezenzululwazi ukuba ithandeke kakhulu. Ezi mbono ziqikelelwayo ziquka uluhlu lweengxelo zezopolitiko, kubandakanywa ngokunxulumene noko kubizwa. "abancinci ngokwesini", oko kukuthi "ubufanasini luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwesini phakathi kwabantu kunye nezilwanyana", ukuba "umtsalane wesini esifanayo yinto yemvelo kwaye ayinakuguqulwa", "isini sisakhiwo sentlalo esingaphelelanga kuhlelo lwesibini", njl. kwaye nangokunjalo. Ndiya kubonisa ukuba ezo mbono zithathwa njengezithethe, zizinzile, kwaye zisekwe kwizangqa zenzululwazi zaseNtshona, nangona kungekho bungqina besayensi obunyanzelisayo, ngelixa ezinye iimbono zibhalwe ngokukhawuleza njenge "pseudoscientific" kunye "nobuxoki," nangona banobungqina obubambekayo. emva kwabo. Izinto ezininzi zinokuchazwa njengonobangela wokuthambekela okulolo hlobo-ilifa elimangalisayo lentlalo nembali elakhokelela ekuveleni "kweenkolelo zenzululwazi", imizabalazo enzulu yezopolitiko eyavelisa uhanahaniso, "urhwebo" lwesayensi olukhokelela ekusukeleni imvakalelo. , njl. Ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuphepha ngokupheleleyo ukuthambekela kwisayensi kuhlala kuyimpikiswano. Nangona kunjalo, ngokoluvo lwam, kuyenzeka ukudala iimeko zenkqubo yesayensi elinganayo.
Ukuba usindile kubufanasini ... Ngobukrwada
Ibali elinyanisekileyo lomntu owayesakuba lifanasini, elichaza ubomi bemihla ngemihla bomndilili "gay" - i-enemas engapheliyo, ukuziphatha kakubi kunye nosulelo oluhambelanayo, iiklabhu, iziyobisi, iingxaki zamathumbu angaphantsi, ukudakumba kunye nokukrazula, ukuziva unganeliseki kunye nesizungu, ukusuka. obu kuziphatha kakubi kunye neDatura ibonelela kuphela ngokuphumla okwethutyana. Eli bali liqulathe iinkcukacha ezonyanyekayo zezenzo zobufanasini kunye neziphumo zazo, nto leyo eshiya intsalela yelindle elinesicaphucaphu ngokungathandabuzekiyo eliya kuba nzima kumfundi nje oqhelekileyo. Kwangaxeshanye, zichaza zonke ngokuchanekileyo yokusasaza ukungalunganga kobungqingili ngendlela ethandabuzekayo njengokucekeceke kwempunga yempepho. Ibonisa inyani ekrakra yesini lomntu wesini esifanayo njengoko injalo - isikrelemnqaabangenangqondo nabangenabubele. "Ukuba ngungqingili" ekugqibeleni kuthetha ukubandezeleka kunye nentlungu etywiniweyo yogazi kunye negazi, endaweni yokubambelela kwizandla zamakhwenkwe amakhulu e-kawaii yoyoynyh intsomi yabalandeli.
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Iingxaki zoluntu "lwe-gay" ngamehlo abantu bangaphakathi
Kwi-1989, iitshantliziyo ezimbini ze-Harvard ipapashiwe incwadi echaza isicwangciso sokutshintsha izimo zengqondo zoluntu ngokubanzi malunga nesithembu ngenkqubo yokusasaza, imigaqo esisiseko ekuxoxwa ngayo apha. Kwisahluko sokugqibela sale ncwadi, ababhali bazichaza ngokucacileyo i-10 eyona ngxaki iphambili ekuziphatheni kwabantu abathandanayo, ekufuneka kujongwane nayo ukuze kuphuculwe umfanekiso wabo emehlweni oluntu ngokubanzi. Ababhali babhala ukuba amafanasini alugatya lonke uhlobo lokuziphatha; ukuba babelane ngesondo kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke, kwaye ukuba bangene ngendlela, baqala ukukhwaza malunga nengcinezelo kunye ne-Homophobia; ukuba bangamanyala, banobungqwabalala, bazingcayo, bathambekele kubuxoki, kukukrexeza, ukungathembeki, inkohliso, ukuzitshabalalisa, ukukhanyela inyani, ukungakhathaleli, inkanuko yezopolitiko neengcinga zobuyatha. Kuyathakazelisa ukuqaphela ukuba i-40 kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, ezi mpawu zaziphantse zabangathi zichazwa ngumntu onezigulo zengqondo odumileyo ogama lingu Edmund Bergler, owafunda ubufanasini iminyaka engama-30 waza waqatshelwa “njengeyona theory ibalulekileyo” kule nkalo. Kwathatha ababhali ngaphezu kwamaphepha e-80 ukuchaza iingxaki ezinxulumene nendlela yokuphila yoluntu lwama-gay. Umlweli we-LGBT u-Igor Kochetkov (umntu osebenza njenge-arhente yangaphandle) kwintetho yakhe "Amandla opolitiko anentshukumo ye-LGBT yehlabathi: indlela abaphembeleleli bayifezekise ngayo injongo yabo" Yathi le ncwadi iye yaba yi-ABC yabalweli bentshukumo be-LGBT kwihlabathi lonke, kubandakanya naseRussia, kwaye uninzi lusaqhubeka kwimigaqo echazwe kuyo. Kumbuzo: "Ngaba uluntu lwe-LGBT luzisusile kwezi ngxaki?" U-Igor Kochetkov wamphendula ngokumsusa wambuza, eqinisekisa ukuba iingxaki zisahleli. Oku kulandelayo yinkcazo emfutshane.
Unyango lobufanasini ngaphambi kwexesha lokuchaneka kwezopolitiko
Iimeko ezininzi zonyango oluyimpumelelo lolungiso lobufanasini kunye nomtsalane zichazwe banzi kuncwadi lobuchwephesha. Xela Umbutho weSizwe woFundo kunye noNyango loBungqingili ubonelela ngesishwankathelo sobungqina obunamandla, iingxelo zekliniki kunye nophando ukusuka ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, nto leyo ebonisa ubungqina bokuba amadoda kunye nabasetyhini abanomdla banokwenza utshintsho ukusuka kubufanasini ukuya kwisini esinye. Ngaphambi kwexesha lokuchaneka kwezopolitiko, yayiyinyani eyaziwayo yesayensi, ekhululekileyo Ubhale umshicileli ophakathi. Nditsho noMbutho waseAmerican Psychiatric Association, ngaphandle kobufanasini bobufanano kuluhlu lweengxaki zengqondo kwi1974, qaphele, oko Iindlela zonyango zanamhlanje zivumela inxenye ebalulekileyo yabantu abathandana nabafazi abafuna ukutshintsha indlela abathanda ngayo ukwenza njalo..
Uguqulelo olulandelayo amanqaku isuka kwiNew York Times ye1971.
Unyango lobufanasini
Ugqirha ugqirha obalaseleyo, ugqirha weengqondo kunye noMD, u-Edmund Bergler wabhala iincwadi ze-25 kwi-psychology kunye namanqaku e-273 kwiijenali eziphambili zophando. Iincwadi zakhe zigubungela izihloko ezinjengokuphuhliswa komntwana, i-neurosis, iingxaki zeminyaka yobusuku, ubunzima bomtshato, ukungcakaza, indlela ezenzakalisayo, kunye nobufanasini. U-Bergler wamkelwa ngokufanelekileyo njengengcali yexesha lakhe ngokubhekisele kubufanasini. Oku kulandelayo kukucatshulwa komsebenzi wakhe.
Iincwadi zamva nje kunye nemveliso iye yazama ukubonisa abantu abathandana nabantu abatshatileyo njengamaxhoba angonwabanga afanelwe yimfesane. Isibheno kwizithambiso ze-lacrimal akukho ngqiqweni: amafanasini angabhenela kuncedo lwengqondo kwaye anyangeke ukuba uyafuna. Kodwa ukungazi koluntu kuxhaphake kakhulu kulo mbandela, kwaye ukuxhaphaka kwabantu abathandana nabanobungqingili ngombono woluntu ngabo kusebenza ngendlela esebenzayo kangangokuba nabantu abakrelekrele ngokuqinisekileyo abazalelwanga izolo bayawa ngeheyile yabo.
Amava amatsha ngengqondo kunye nophando sele engqina ukuba ngokuqinisekileyo isiphelo esingenakuphikiswa sobufanasini (ngamanye amaxesha sibangelwe yimeko-bume engafaniyo yebhayoloji kunye nemeko yehomoni) ngokwenyani ngokwahlula phakathi kwe-neurosis. I-pessimism yonyango yexesha elidlulileyo ngokuthe ngcembe iyanyamalala: namhlanje i-psychotherapy yendlela ye-psychodynamic inokunyanga ubufanasini.
Ngonyango, ndiyathetha:
1. ukusilela ngokupheleleyo komdla kwisini sabo;
2. ulonwabo oluqhelekileyo ngokwesondo;
3. Utshintsho kubuntu.