Ukuhlaziywa kwemininingwane yesayensi.
Umthombo ngesiNgisi: URobert L. Kinney III - Ubungqingili kanye nobufakazi besayensi: Kuma-anecdotes asolisayo, idatha yakudala, kanye nokwenza jikelele okubanzi.
ILinacre Quarterly 82 (4) 2015, 364 - 390
I-DOI: https://doi.org/10.1179/2050854915Y.0000000002
Ukuhumusha Kweqembu Isayensi yeqiniso/ AT. I-Lysov, MD, i-Ph.D.
IZINDLELA EZIQINILE: Njengesizathu “sokwanda” kobungqingili, kuthiwa “ukuzivumelanisa” nokusebenza kwezenhlalo kwabantu abathandana nobungqingili kuyaqhathaniswa nobungqingili. Kodwa-ke, kuye kwaboniswa ukuthi "ukuzivumelanisa nezimo" kanye nokusebenza komphakathi akuhlobene nokuthola ukuthi ukuphambuka kwezocansi kuphazamiseka kwengqondo futhi kuholele eziphethweni ezingezinhle zamanga. Akunakwenzeka ukuphetha ukuthi isimo sengqondo asiphambuki, ngoba isimo esinjalo asiholeli ku-"adaptation" ephazamisekile, ingcindezi noma umsebenzi wezenhlalo okhubazekile, ngaphandle kwalokho ukuphazamiseka okuningi kwengqondo kufanele kukhethwe ngokungafanele njengezimo ezijwayelekile. Iziphetho ezikhonjiwe ezincwadini ezicashunwe ngabaxhasi bokuthi ubungqingili abuwona yini ubufakazi besayensi, futhi izifundo ezingabazekayo azithathwa njengemithombo ethembekile.
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“Odokotela abahlinzayo ngokobulili bathola ama- $ 1,200,000 ngonyaka. Akusizi ngalutho ngokwezezimali ukuphuma futhi uvume ukuthi akuphumeleli ... ”
Ividiyo ngesiNgisi
Namuhla, lapho imfashini ye-transgenderism ithuthukiswa kakhulu emphakathini wanamuhla, abantu abaningi ngokwengeziwe abazikhubazayo ngemisebenzi ebizayo bathola ukuthi ukushintsha ubulili akuzange kubasondeze enjabulweni futhi akuzange kuxazulule izinkinga zabo. Bangaphezu kwe-40% yabo abazama ukulungisa ama-akhawunti ngokuphila, kepha kukhona labo abavuma ukuthi babenephutha, babuyela ebulilini babo begazi futhi bazame ukuxwayisa abanye, ukuthi bangaphindi iphutha labo. Omunye umuntu onjalo nguWalt Heyer, osehlale iminyaka eyi-8 njengoLaura Jensen.
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Indaba sayithumelela umfundi wethu.
Okokuqala nje, umphakathi owangikhulisa ubonakele kangakanani. Futhi uma bethi manje ukuthi “Siyazenza thina” ukuzikhohlisa. Ngaso sonke isikhathi futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngumphakathi osenza sibe yilokho esiyikho. Cabanga ngalokhu: uwedwa ekhaya, abanye enkulisa, wesithathu esikoleni, wesine emgwaqweni. Uthi cha? - Yebo, yebo. Futhi okwenzekayo nentsha manje kuyangethusa. Kuyesabisa kakhulu.
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Okubukeka njengesenzo sokuziphatha kumnikazi wolwazi ngaphakathi kwenqanaba lokuqala noma lesibili, ukhonza ukufeza izinhloso zokuziphatha okubi kakhulu nezokuziphatha okubi, uma sibheka ukukhohlisa kusuka ekuphakameni kwezinga lokugcina.
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Njengasesimweni "sokuthanda ukuya ocansini," umqondo wokuthi "transgender" uqobo unenkinga, ngoba awunasisekelo sesayensi noma ukuvumelana phakathi kwezishoshovu ze-LGBT. Kodwa-ke, akunakungatshazwa ukuthi emiphakathini yaseNtshonalanga izinga lezinto ezenzeka nge-transgender eziphika amaqiniso emvelo akhuphuke kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva. Uma ngonyaka we-2009 ku Umtholampilo waseTavistock Intsha ye-97 ibhekise ku-dysphoria wobulili, bese kuthi ngonyaka odlule inani labo lifinyelela ngaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezimbili.
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Izinkumbulo zezinsuku esidlule
ngaphezu khuluma okwamanje
kunangesikhathi esedlule.
Ungavamisile ukuzwa ngabaxolisi ngobudlelwano bobulili obufanayo ukuthi ubutabane kwakuyinto evamile emhlabeni wasendulo, ikakhulukazi eRoma lasendulo naseGrisi. Eqinisweni, inganekwane “yesimo sengqondo sobungqingili” eGreece yasendulo yaduma u-Oscar Wilde, owalahlwa yicala lokulala, futhi ubufakazi obuyizicucu obuye bafinyelela kithi ngendlela yemibhalo yasendulo nemisebenzi yobuciko bubonisa okuphambene nalokho. Kuwo wonke umlando wesintu, ubungqingili, ikakhulukazi endimeni yokungenzi lutho, buye baba khona njengento eyihlazo futhi engavamile. Kuphela ezimpucukweni ezibolile, ngesikhathi sokuncipha kwazo, imikhuba yobulili obufanayo ingase ithole ukuthandwa okuthile, kodwa noma kunjalo, ukukhangwa kwamalungu obulili obufanayo, okunamandla kunabameleli bokuphikisana, kwakubhekwa ngaphezu kokujwayelekile. Akukho ndawo futhi okungakaze kwenzeke ngaphambi kwesikhathi sethu lapho ubudlelwano bobungqingili phakathi kwabantu abadala bugunyazwe.
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"Njalo umuntu wesithathu oneminyaka engu-20
uzoba negciwane lesandulela ngculaza noma obulawe yingculazi
kusikhumbuzo salo se-30 ».
APA
Umdlavuza wezitabaneBambalwa abantu namuhla abakhumbula ukuthi eminyakeni yokuqala yokuvela kwegciwane lesandulela ngculaza, isifo esabangelwa yi-GRID (Gay-related immune disorder) - "I-Gay Immune Disorder", ngoba bonke abantu bokuqala abangenwe yileli gciwane babengongqingili. Elinye igama elivamile kwakuyi-"Gay Cancer." Kungemva kokuba leli gciwane liphinde lasakazeka phakathi kwabesifazane abathandana nobulili obuhlukile, futhi ngabo phakathi kwabesilisa, ngokusebenzisa abesilisa nabesifazane kanye nemilutha yezidakamizwa, lesi sifo saqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi ingculaza ngosizo losopolitiki kanye nengcindezi evela ezinhlanganweni zezitabane.
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Isikhungo Solwazi Lwesayensi